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JAMES E. Mcdonald.

FIFTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT

OF THE

Indiana State Board of Agriculture

VOLUME XLILI— 1901-1902

LIBRARY
NEW YORK
BOTANICAL

GARDEN

INCLUDING THE

Proceedings of the Annual Meeting, 1902 ; Reports of County, and District Societies, State

Meetings of Swine Breeders, Wool Groweis, Corn Growers^ Association,

Farmers' Institutes, Experiment Station, Farmers' Insurance

Union, Statistics on Vegetables and Cereals,

State Dairy Association, etc., etc.

TO Ttim GOVERNOR

INDIANAPOLIS:

WJI. B. BURFORD, CONTRACTOE FOE STATE PEINTIKG ANU BINDING.

1908.

d

^EW YORK

Qardbn

THE STATE OF INDIANA,

Executive Department,
Indianapolis, January 9, 1903.

Received by the Governor, examined and referred to the Auditor of State
for verification of the financial statement.

Office of Auditor of State, \

Indianapolis, January 9, 1903. J

The within report, so far as the same relates to moneys drawn from the
State Treasury, has been examined and found correct.

W. H. HART,

Auditor of State.

January 10, 1903.

Returned by the Auditor of State, vnth above certificate, and trans-
mitted to Secretary of State for publication, upon the order of the Board of
Commissioners of Public Printing and Binding.

CHAS. E. WILSON,

Private Secretary.

Filed in the office of the Secretary of State of the State of Indiana,
January 12, 1903.

UNION B. HUNT,

Secretary of State.

Received the within report and delivered to the printer this 25th day
of September, 1903.

THOS. J. CARTER,
o> Cleric Printing Bureau.

(3)

INDIANA STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

Indianapolis, Ind., August 26, 1903.

To the Honorable Winfield T. Durbin, Governor of Indiana :

Dear Sir — I beg to submit herewith the report of the jjro-
ceedings of the Indiana State Board of Agriculture for the
year 1901. Very respectfully,

CHARLES DOWNING,

Secretary.

(4)

MEMBERS

OF THE

Indiana State Board of Agriculture

J90J.

1st District— JOHN C. HAINES, Rocliport, Spencer County.

2d District— MASON J. NIBLACK, Vincennes, Knox County.

3d District— W. W. STEVENS', Salem, Washington County.

4th District— E. A. ROBISON, Franklin, Johnson County.

5th District— H. L. NOWLIN, Guilford, Dearborn County.

6th District— KNODE PORTER, Hagerstown, Wayne County.

7th District— E. J. ROBISON, Indianapolis, Marion County.

8th District— SID CONGER, Shelbyville, Shelby County.

9th District— W. T. BEAUCHAMP, Terre Haute, Vigo County.

10th District— JOHN L. DAVIS, Crawfordsville, Montgomery County.

11th District— M. S. CLAYPOOL, Muncie, Delaware County.

12th District— WM. M. BLACKSTOCK, Lafayette, Tippecanoe County.

13th District— JOHN L. THOMPSON, Gas City, Grant County.

14th District— COTT BARNETT, Logansport, Cass County.

15th District— AARON JONES, South Bend, St. Joseph County.

16th District— JAS. E. McDONALD, Ligonier, Noble County.

OFFICERS FOR I90L

JAMES E. McDonald, President.

JOHN L. THOMPSON, E. H. PEED,

Vice-President. General Superintendent.

CHARLES DOWNING, J. W. LAGRANGE,

Secretary. Treasurer.

Executive Committee.
Messrs. NIBLACK, BEAUCBAMP, THOxMPSON, CLAYPOOL.

(5)

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S BOAKD OF AGRICULTURE.

LIST OF MEMBERS OF INDIANA STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE,
SHOWING DATE AND TERM OF SERVICE.

Name.

County.

First
Elected.

No. Years
Served.

Allen, Joseph ,

Banks, W. A

Barnes, John P

Barnett, Cott

Easier, F

Bennett, Wm. H. . . .
Bennett, Wm. H. ...

Berry, W. W

Biackstock, Wm. M.

Blanche, Willis

Boggs, John M

Bonner, W. H

Bradley, .James L . . ,

Branham, D. C

Brown, Dr. R. T. . . ,

Brown, Geo. W

Burke, L. A

Buskirk, Geo. A

Beauchamp, Wm. T.
Bridges, John C

Caldwell, Hezekiah

Carr, John F

Claypool, A. B . . . .

Claypool, M. S

Clemens, B. F

Cockrum. Jas. W. . .

Coffin, W. G

Cofield, J. W

Collins, T. H

Cotteral, W. W

Cox, E. T

Crawford, George . .

Crim, Wm

Custer, L. B

Conger, Sid

Davis, John L

Davidson, Stephen .
Davidson, Jasper N.

Dennis, W. T

Donaldson, W. C. ..
Dowling, Thomas ..
Downing, Charles . .
Drake, James P. . . .
Dume, George G. . . .

Duncan, Wm

Dungan, S. W

Durham, Thos

Montgomery

Laporte . . . .
Madison . . .

Cass

Sullivan . . .

Union

Union

Knox

Tippecanoe,
Howard. . . .
Tippecanoe

Johnson

Jefferson , . .
Montgomery.

Shelby

Posey

Monroe

Vigo

Putnam

Wabash . . .
Jackson . . .
Fayette . . .
Delaware .
Wabash . . .
Gibson ....
Vermillion

Ohio

Floyd

Henry ....

Posey

Laporte . . .
Madison . .

Cass

Shelby ....

Montgomery.

Fulton

Montgomery .

Wayne

Parke

Vigo

Hancock . . . .

Marion

Lawrence . . .
Lawrence . . .
Johnson . . .
Vigo

1853

1882
1879
1898
1872
1854
1863
1889
1895
1887
1885
1859
1856
1861
1855
1857
1870
1870
1899
1901

1867
1862
1871
1893
1889
1853
1859
1877
1858
1883
1864
1862
1869
1878
1900

1895

5

1870

8

1883

12

1854

5

1863

8

1871

4

1893

8

1854

2

1851

2

1858

4

1882

12

1853

%

12
4
3
2
7
2
3
2
2
8
2
3
2
4
2
5
2
1

12
2

8
7
2
2
4
4
4
2
6
2
9
10
1

ANNUAL MEETING.

9

LIST OF MEMBERS, ETC.— Continued.

Name.

County.

First
Elected.

No. Years
Served.

Eniison, Samuel

Fisher, Stearns

Fletcher, Calvin

Franklin, W. M

Freeman, A

Gaar, J. M

Gerard, J. B

Gilbert, Joseph

Graffe, Dr. G. B

Graham, John M

Greer, W. A

Grosvenor, J. A

Haines, .John C

Hamrick, A. D .

Hamilton, W. W

Hancock, R. H

Hargrove, Samuel. . . .

Harris, thas. B

Harris, Jacob R

Hay, A. Y

Haymonds, Dr. Rufus

Haynes, R. P

Helm, Dr. Y. C

Herriot, Samuel

Herron, Alex

Holton, W. B

Holloway, David P. . .
HoUoway, David P. . .

Holmes, D. J. C

Howland, H. B

Howland. H. B

Hufifstetter, David . . .
Hussey, George

Johnson, F. C

Jones, Aaron

Jones, Dick

Jones, Lloyd

Kellev, John B

Kirkpatrick, T. M

Lagrange, J. W

Lane, George W

LaTourette, Henry . . .

Levering, John

Levering, Mortimer . .

Knox

Wabash

Marion

Owen

Porter

Wayne

Dearborn . . . .

Vigo

Gibson

Delaware . . .
Dearborn. . . .
Marion

Lake

Putnam

Decatur

Harrison . . .

Pike

Elkhart

Switzerland .

Clark

Franklin . , . .

Daviess

Delaware . . .
.Johnson . . . .

Fayette

Marion

Wayne

Wayne

Delaware . . .

Marion

Marion

Orange

Vigo

Floyd

St. Joseph . . .
Bartholomew
Huntington .

Warrick . . . .
Howard . . . .

Johnson

Dearborn . . . .
Fountain. . . .
Tippecanoe .
Tippecanoe .

1851

1854
1862
1855
1858

1865
1873
1881
1855
1883
1885
1864

1896
1859
1891
1878
1882
1892
1851
1854
1855
1875
1859
1853
1867
1894
1851
1861
1859
1892
1896
1853
1851

1872
1894
1883
1889

1851
1881

1894
1852
1883
1852
1897

13
2
3
4

2
2
2
5
4
3
2

4
14
6
6
6
6
4
2
4
8

10
2
4
2
4
2
10
2
3
2
1

6
6

8
4

2
2

4
2
4

10

BOARD OF AGRICUI.TURE.

LIST OF MEMBERS, ETC. -Continued:

Name.

County.

First
Elected.

No. Years
Served.

Lockhart, R. M

Loder, Isaac B

Loomis, W. H

Matson, J. A

Matthews, Claude . . .

Maze, W. A

Meredith, Henry C . .

Milhouse, J. V

Mitchell, Robert ....
Mitchell, Thos. V . . .

Morgan, Jesse

Mutz, Jacob

McBride, Jeremiah. .

McCluDg, J. A

McConnell, George N
McConnell, George N

McCoy, James S

McCrea, John

McDonald, M. A . . . .
McDonald, James E .
McMahan, John . . . .
Mc Williams, R. C . . .

Nelson, J. D. G

Nelson, J. D. G

Nelson, Thomas

Nelson, Thomas

Niblack, Mason J . . .
North, Benjamin. . . .
Nowlin, H. L ..... .

Officer, V. K

O'Neal, J. K

Orr, Joseph

Peck, Henry

Peed, E. H

Piatt, Nathan

Porter, Knode

Poole, Joseph

Quick, S. R

Raab, D. G

Ragan, W. H

Ratliff", John

Reese, D. E

Reiter, Gerard

Robison, E. A

Dekalb

Rush

AUenl

Putnam

Vermillion . .

Tipton

Wayne. . . . . .

Jennings . . . .

Gibson

Rush

Rush

Shelby

Martin

Fulton

Steuben

Steuben

Knox

Monroe

Warren

Noble

Washington .
Parke

Allen

Allen

Parke

Parke

Knox

Ohio

Dearborn . . .

Jefferson .

Tippecanoe. .
Laporte

Cass

Henry

Warrick . . . .

Wayne

Fountain . . . .

Bartholomew

Ohio

Putnam

Grant

Dearborn . : .

Knox

Johnson

1874
1861
1861

1854
1897
"1891
1879
1875
1875
1869
1852
1868
1851
1888
1860
1864
1892
1864
1893
1894
1851
1881

1853

1870
1875
1889
1896
1867
1897

1888
1881
1851

1862
1885
1860
1897
1861

1879

1856
1873
1883
1865
1888
1898

20
4
4

1
2

4
4
2
21
10
2
14
3
4
2
6
4
6
2
6
3
2

6
4
4
2
4
6
4

9
2
6

2
8
4
3
12

5

10
4
4
1
3

ANNUAL Ik^EETING.

11

LIST OF MEMBERS, ETC.— Continued.

Name.

County.

First
Elected.

No. Years
Served.

Sample, H. P

Sankey, James M . .
Shoemaker, John C.

Seig, J. Q. A

Seward, A

Seward, W. B

Seybold, Dempsey . .
Simonton, Robert . .
Smith, Abraham . . .

Spalding, T. N

Stevenson, Alex. C .
Stevenson, Alex. C .

Stevens, W. W

Stewart, Charles B..
Sunman, T. W. W .
Sutherland, .John. . .
Swiuney, Thomas W

Thompson, John L .
Thompson, S. H . . . .
Turner, John N . . . .
Tuttle, T. W

Vawter, S

Vinton, A. E

Wagner, G. D

Wiley, Lemuel

Willard, Roland . . .
Williams, James D.
Wright, Joseph A . .

Tippecanoe.

Vigo

Perry

Harrison . . .
Monroe . . . .
Monroe . . . .

Parke

Huntington

Knox

Lagrange . .
Putnam . . . .
Putnam . . . .
Washington
Tippecanoe.

Ripley

Laporte . . . .
Allen

Grant

Jefi'erson . . .

Grant

Delaware. . .

Jennings . . .
Marion

Warren . . . .
Switzerland
Kosciusko. .

Knox

Marion

1873
1891
1862
1884
1851
1872
1879
1887
1853
1852
1851
1855
1894
1883
1881
1864
1851

1895
1864
1879
1876

1855
1858

1854
1863
1851
1855
1851

6

10

10

2

20

2

2

2

2

3

4

6

2

4

18

1

5
3
2
1

3
2

7
1
2
18
3

State Industrial Associations.

OFFICERS FOR I90I.

Indiana State Board of Agriculture — President, James E. McDonald, Ligonier;
Secretary, Charles Downing, Indianapolis.

Indiana Horticultural Association — President, C. M. Hobbs, Bridgeport; Secre-
tary, James Troop, Lafayette.

Indiana Shorthorn Breeders' Association — President, E. Folsom, Indianapolis ;
Secretary, W. J. Quick, Brooklyn.

Indiana Dairymen's Atsociation — President, J. J. W. Billingsley, Indianapolis;
Secretary, H. E. Van Norman, Lafayette.

Indiana Wool Orowers' Association — President, Sid Conger, Flatrock; Secre-
tary, J. W. Robe, Greencastle.

Indiana Swine Breeders' Assocta^ion— President, J. B. Luyster, Franklin; Sec-
retary, Allen Beeler, Liberty.

Indiana Poultry Breeders' Atsociation — President, Frank Johnson, Rowlands;
Secretary, Jesse Tarkington, Indianapolis.

Indiana Farmers' Mutual Insurance Union — President, Aaron Jones, South
Bend; Secretary, Joshua Strange, Marion.

Indiana Jersey Cattle Club — President, W. S. Budd, Indianapolis; Secretary,
Harry Jenkins, Indianapolis.

Indiana Corn Growers' Association — President, A. O. Lockridge, Greencastle ;
Secretary and Treasurer, H. F. McMahan, Fairfield.

Farmtrs* Institutes — Director, Prof. W. C. Latta, Purdue University, Lafayette.

Experiment Station — Director, Prof. C. S. Plumb, Purdue University, Lafayette.

State Chemist — Prof. H. A. Huston, Purdue University, Lafayette.

State Entomologist — Prof. James Troop, Purdue University, Lafayette.

(12)

THK

Indiana State Board of Agriculture

CONSTITUTION.

As Eevisbd and Adopted at the January Meeting of the Board, 1891.

Article 1. The name and style of this society shall be "The Indiana
State Board of Agriculture," its objects, to promote and improve the con-
dition of agriculture, horticulture, and. the mechanic, manufacturing and
household arts.

Art. 2. There shall be held in the city of Indianapolis, at such time
as may be prescribed by law, an annual meeting of the State Board of
Agriculture, together with presidents, or other delegates duly authorized,
from each county, or such other agricultural society as may be authorized
by law to send delegates, who shall, for the time being, be ex-officio mem-
bers of the State Board of Agriculture, for the purpose of deliberation and
consultation as to the wants, prospects and condition of the agi-icultural
interests throughout the State; and at such annual meetings the several
reports from county societies shall be delivered to the President of the
State Board of Agriculture; and the said President and delegates shall, at
this meeting, elect suitable persons to fill all vacancies in this Board:
Provided, however. That said election shall not affect the members of
the Board present, whose terms shall not be considered to expire until the
last day of the session.

Art. 3. The State Board-elect shall meet immediately after the ad-
journment of the State Board, for the purpose of organization and for the
transaction of such other business as the wants and interests of the society
may require; and hold such other meetings from time to time, for mailing
out premium lists, preparing for State Fairs, and all other business neces-
sary to the promotion of the objects of the society,

(13)

14 BOARD OF AGKICUI.TURE.

Art. 4. Tlie State Board-elect shall consist of sixteen members, chosen
from the following districts:

1st District— Posey, Vanderburgh, Gibson, Warricli and Spencer counties.
2d District— Knox, Daviess, Martin, Pilie, Dubois, Crawfoi'd and Perry

counties.
3d District— Harrison, Washington, Orange, Floyd, Clarli and Scott

counties.
4th District — Jackson, Lawrence, Brown, Monroe, Greene, Owen, Johnson

and Sullivan counties.
5tli District— Jeffer.son, Switzerland, Ohio, Dearborn, Franklin, Ripley

and Jennings counties.
6th District— Bartholomew, Decatur, Rush, Fayette, Union and Wayne

counties.
7th District— Madison, Hancock, Hamilton, Henry and Shelby counties.
8th District— Marion County.

9th District— Clay, Vigo, Parke, Vermillion and Fountain counties.
10th District — Putnam, Morgan, Hendricks, Montgomery and Boone

counties.
11th District— Delaware, Randolph, Jay, Adams, Wells, Huntington and

Blackford counties.
12th District — Carroll, White, Benton, Newton, Tippecanoe, Warren, Jas-
per and Pulaski counties.
13th District— Clinton, Tipton, Howard, Grant, Wabash and Whitley

counties.
14th District— Elkhart, Kosciusko, Fulton, Cass and Miami coiuities.
15th District— St. Joseph, Marshall, Starke, Laporte, Porter and Lake

counties.
IGth District— Allen, Dekalb, Steuben, Lagrange and Noble counties.

Chosen for two years, one-half of whose tei'ms expire every year, to
wit: Those representing the first, second, third, fourth, seventh, four-
teenth, fifteenth and sixteenth districts expire at the annual meeting of
18(i0, and those representing the fifth, sixth, eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh,
twelfth and thirteenth districts expire at the annual meeting to be held in
January, 18G1. To be chosen l)y Ijallot.

Art. 5. It shall be the duty of the President to preside at all meetings,
conduct the Inisiness in an orderly and parliamentary manner, and offi-
cially sign all vouchers and drafts upon the Treasurer (except for pre-
miums), and all other instruments requiring the same, and call special
meetings in cases of emergency.

Art. G. The State Board-elect shall, at the annual meeting after the
adjournment of the delegate meeting, proceed to elect one of their num-
ber President, who shall hold his office for a term of one year, and until
his successor is elected and qualified; and one of their number for Vice-

ANNUAL MEETING. 15

President, whose term shall he the same as President, who shall act, and
for the time being have all the power, as President, whenever the Presi-
dent is absent from any regular meeting. They shall also elect some
suitable person as Secretary and some suitable person as Treasurer, and
a General Superintendent, who shall hold their offices each for one year,
unless removed for incompetency or neglect of duty. They shall also elect
four of their numl>er who shall, with the President, constitute an Execu-
tive Committee, who shall have power to act in cases of emergency, where
loss would result by waiting till a regular meeting of the Board, but shall
have no power whatever during a meeting of the Board.

Art. 7. It shall be the duty of the Treasurer to safely keep the funds
belonging to the society, pay out the same on orders or drafts drawn
by the Secretary, and report annually to the State Board, and as much
oftener as he may be called upon by the Board, and shall give bond for the
faithful performance of his duties.

Art. 8. It shall be the duty of the General Superintendent to take
care of and carefully keep all property belonging to the society, have the
care and control of the Fair Grounds during the recess; have the super-
vision and oversight of sucli in.iprovements or additions as may be directed
by the State Board, and. under their direction, procure materials, contract
for labor, and shall be, during the continuance of the Fair, the Chief Mar-
shal and head of the police. The members of the Board shall employ all
the necessary police and gatekeepers.

Art. 0. The Secretary shall keep a true record of the proceedings. He
shall conduct all correspondence on behalf of the society, except Avhen
otherwise directed by the President. He shall, by himself and assistants
by him appointed, arrange the details of the entries, tickets and enroll the
names of committees and .iudges of the State Fair, receive and record the
various reports of the awarding committees, fill out and deliver all di-
plomas and certificates. It shall be the duty of the Secretary to condense
the County Agricultural reports for each year into one volume and super-
intend the publishing of the same. He shall audit and file all accounts
against the Board; draw orders in favor of the proper persons on the
Treasurer for the amount; but orders shall not be drawn payable to order
or bearer, but to the name of the party alone or his agent. He shall make
an annual report, showing amount of all orders upon the treasury, and
shall perform such other duties as the best interests of the society may
demand; but he is at all times subject to the direction and control of the
State Board.

Art. 10. At the annual meeting of the Board the salaries of the Treas-
urer, Secretary and Superintendent shall be fixed for the ensuing year;
Provided, That said Board may, in their discretion, at any meeting of said
Board, make said officers an additional allowance for extra services,

16 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

Art. 11. That no compensation shall be allowed to delegates attend-
ing the annual meetings of the State Board; nor shall the members of the
State Board-elect be paid any sum of money, as compensation or other-
wise, except by order of the Board-elect. ^

Art. 12. The State Board may adjourn from time to time, or thiey
may be called together by the Secretary, by order of the President, by a
written notice to each member, enclosed by mail, and a notice of such
meeting published in tAvo or more newspapers of general circulation, in
the city of Indian;! polls; and all meetings so held by adjournment, or calls,
shall be deemed regular and legal.

Art. 13. Any alteration or amendment to this Constitution may be
made at the annual meeting of the State Board, two-thirds of all the mem-
bers voting for such amendment.

Art. 14. The following standing committees shall be appointed by the
President, to whom all matters of business coming up for reference under
their particular heads shall be referred, unless otherwise specially directed
by the Board:

1. Finance and Claims.

2. Rules and Regulations.

3. Fair Grounds.

4. Unfinished Business.

5. Geological Survey— Executive Committee, ex-officio.

6. Premium List.

AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION.

At the May meeting in 1851, certain rules, embracing ten sections, for
the government of county agricultural societies, were adopted by the
Board of Agriculture, as required in Section 1 of the statute laws enacted
by the Legislature of Indiana for the "Encouragement of Agriculture,"
approved February 17, 1852.

At the February meeting of 1868 the rules ,were found inexpedient and
were repealed, and the following resolutions, submitted by the Committee
on Rules and Regulations, were adopted:

Resolved, That all county and district societies shall be organized and
governed by the laws of the State of Indiana in regard to agricultural
societies, and especially under the act passed by the Legislature and ap-
proved February 17, 1852.

Resolved, That all societies so organized will be entitled to send dele-
gates to this Board (State Board of Agriculture) at its annual meetings,
and will be received and acknowledged upon the presentation of their
reports and credentials, and compliance with the laws as legally organized
societies.

XHK

Indiana State Board of Agriculture

A RESUME OF WORK FOR J90J.

Indianapolis, Ind.,
Wednesday Evening, January 9, 1901.

The Indiana State Board of Agriculture met at the office of the
Secretary on the call of President Jones.

The following members were present: Messrs. Jones, Thomp-
son, Stevens, Conger, Porter, Claypool, Nowlin, McDonald,
Haines, E. A. Eobison, W. T. Beauchamp, Barnett, Niblack and
E. J. Robison. Those absent were Messrs. Davis and Levering.

On motion of Mr. ISTiblack the bill of Mrs. H. B. Howland was
ordered adjusted by the Secretary, and if any balance be found due
her to issue a warrant for the same in her favor.

On motion the Board adjourned sine die.

CHARLES DOWNING,

Secretary.

ORGANIZATION OF NEW BOARD.

Wednesday Evening, January 9, 1901.

After the adjournment of the meeting of the old Board the new
Board met and was called to order by Mr. Niblack.

There were present J. C. Haines, Mason J. Niblack, W. W.
Stevens, E. A. Robison, H. L. Nowlin, Knode Porter, E. J. Robi-

2— Agriculture. (17)

IS BOARD OF AGRICUT.TURE.

son, Sid Conger, W. T. Beauchamp, J. C. Bridges, M. S. Claypool,
W. M. Blackstock, Cott Barnett, Aaron Jones and- J. E. McDonald.

On motion of Mr. ISTiblack, Mr. Jones was elected temporary
Chairman.

Mr. Jones took the chair and announced that the meeting was
ready for bnsincss.

On motion, duly seconded, the Board proceeded to the election of
officers for the ensuing year, except the offices of General Superin-
tendent and Janitor.

The President appointed Messrs. Niblack and E. J. Robison
tellers to collect and canvass the vote.

A vote was taken for President of the Board without nomina-
tions, which resulted as follows :

Mr. James E. McDonald received nine votes, Mr. E. Robison
received one vote, and Mr. Jones received six^otes.

The Chairman declared Mr. McDonald duly elected President
of the Board for the ensuing year, he having received a majority
of all the votes cast.

A vote was then had for Vice-President without nominations,
which resulted as follows :

Mr. E. J. Robison received two votes, Mr. E. A. Robison re-
ceived four votes, Mr. John E. Thompson received nine votes and
IMr. J. C. ITaines received one vote ; and Mr. Thompson having re-
ceived a majority of all the votes cast was declared duly elected
Vice-President.

On motion of Mr. W. W. Stevens, Mr. Niblack Avas instructed
to cast sixteen votes for Charles Downing for Secretary of the
Board for the ensuing year, which was accordingly done. The
President declared Mr. Downing duly elected Secretary of the
Board for the ensuing year.

ANNUAL MEETING. 19

On motion of Mr. E. J. Robison, tlie Secretary was instructed to
cast sixteen votes for Mr. J. W. Lagrange for Treasurer of the
Board for the ensuing year, he being the only candidate for that
office, which was accordingly done, and the Chairman thereupon
declared Mr. Lagrange duly elected Treasurer of the Board for the
ensuing year.

On motion of Mr. McDonald, the Board then proceeded to vote
for a person to be recommended to the Governor as a member of the
Live Stock Sanitary Commission, which resulted as follows :

Vic. K. Officer, of Volga, received nine votes and W. T. Beau-
champ, of Terre Llaute, received seven votes. Upon the announce-
ment of the result of the vote, the Chairman, Mr. Jones, stated that
if it was determined by the proper authorities that Mr. Officer is
not eligible to the offioe, then the reconunendation is to be for Mr.
Beauchamp, which statement was concurred in by the whole Board.

On motion of Mr. Beauchamp, the following committee was ajv
pointed by Mr. J. E. McDonald, President of the Board, who as-
sumed the chair, to be known as the Legislative Committee, viz. :
E. J. Robison, Aaron Jones, Sid Conger and Mason J, Niblack.

On motion, the proposition of Dr. Light to lease the fair grounds
was laid over until the next meeting of the Board.

On motion of Mr. Thompson, seconded by Mr. Ilaiues, it was
ordered by the Board that the fair for 1901 be held September 16,
17, 18, 19, 20 and 21, 1901, and the Secretary was instructed to
publish the dates in the usual manner, provided that the Independ-
ent Order of Odd Fellows agree to make their special parade day
not later than Tuesday of said week.

On motion of Mr. ISTiblack, duly seconded, the Board authorized
the President to appoint the members of the Executive Committee
for the ensuing year, and also the Superintendents for the different
departments of the Fair.

20 BOAED OF AGEICULTUKE.

Mr. Jones offered, and the Secretary read, the following resolu-
tions, which motion was duly seconded by Mr. Stevens, and a vote
being taken upon the motion to adopt, was unanimously adopted :

Whereas, The balance now on hands in the treasury is insufficient to
pay all existing claims against the Board and the necessary expenses of
the Board up to and including April 1, 1901, and

Whereas, It is absolutely necessary to borrow money to meet these
liabilities; therefore, be it

Resolved, That the President and Secretary of the Indiana State Board
of Agriculture be and they are hereby authorized and empowered to
negotiate a loan for a sum of money sufficient to cover such claims and
expenses, on the best terms possible, and that they execute a note or
certificate of indebtedness therefor in the name of and for the Indiana
State Board of Agriculture, and said officers are hereby authorized to do
whatever else that may be necessary and proper in the premises to con-
summate said loan for the purpose above mentioned.

January 9, 1901.

On motion the Board adjourned to meet on the call of the Presi-
dent.

AARON JONES,
CHARLES DOWNING, President.

Secretary.

EXECUTIVE OOMMITTEB MEETING. JANUARY 24, 1901.

The Executive Committee of the Indiana State Board of Agri-
culture met pursuant to the call of the President at the Secretary's
office. Room 14, State House, on January 24, 1901.

The committee was called to order by Mr. J. E. McDonald, Pres-
ident, and the roll was called, resulting as follows:

Present: J. E. McDonald, John L. Thompson, W. T. Beau-
champ and M. S. Claypool.

Absent: Mason J. Niblack.

ANNUAL MEETING. 21

The President stated that the object of the meeting was to con-
sider a proposition made by a committee of Odd Fellows, which
proposition was read by the Secretary and is as follows:

Odd Fellows agree:
First. Parade on Tuesday.

Second. Hold prize drills on Fair Grounds, hours 9:30 to 12:30,
Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday and Saturday, if necessary.

Third. Pay $1,000 on or before award of prizes, to be applied on prizes.
Fourth. The following shall have free admission to the grounds:

1. Members of the Executive Committee.

2. Members and Officers of Sovereign Grand Lodge.

3. All Patriarchs Militant in complete uniform.

4. Grand Lodge, Grand Encampment and Rebekah Assembly Officers.

The above proposition was discussed at length by the members of
the committee, and statements and suggestions were made by Mr.
W. H. Leedy, Secretary Grand Lodge of Odd Fellows.

After which, on motion of Mr. Claypool, duly seconded, it was
ordered by the Board that the Indiana State Fair be held on the
16th, 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th and 21st of September, 1901, and that
the proposition of the committee of the Grand Lodge of I. O.
O. F. of Indiana be accepted by the unanimous vote of the com-
mittee. I 1, . h , .! -J

The request of the Indianapolis Brewing Company to remove its
building on Pennsylvania street opposite the Denison Hotel, to the
Fair Grounds, on motion of Mr. Thompson, duly seconded, was re-
fused.

JAMES E. McDonald,

President.
CHARLES DOWNING,

Secretary.

\

22 BOAEt) OF AGRICULTURE,

BOARD MEETING MARCH 6 AND 7, 1901.

The Indiana State Board of AgTicultnre met pursuant to the call
of the President, at the office of the Secretary, Room 14, State
Honse, March G, 1901.

The President, Mr. McDonald, called the meeting to order and
the Secretary called the roll of members. There were present
Messrs. McDonald, Nowlin, Conger, Stevens, Porter, Bridges,
Beaiichamp, Robison, Thompson, Claypool, 'Jones, E. J. Robison,
Mason J. ISTildach and Cott Barnett.

There was absent John C. Haines.

President McDonald made the aimunncement of department. Su-
perintendents for the coming fair:

Admissions J. C. Haines.

Grand Stand Knode Porter.

Speed Horses M. S. Claypool.

Draft Horses W. M. Blackstock.

Light Harness Horses W. T. Beauchamp.

Beef Cattle Aaron Jones.

Dairy Cattle E. J. Robison.

Swine E. A. Robison.

• Sheep John L. Thompson.

Poultry Sid Conger.

Art J. C. Bridges.

Horticulture M.J. Niblack.

Agriculture Cott Barnett.

Mechanical W. W. Stevens.

Privileges H. L. Nowlin.

On motion of Mr. Niblack, the Board heard Mrs. Wilcox on
changes and snggestions in the Art Department of the fair.

Mr. Braddock, of Shelby villc, addressed the Board on the sub-
ject of making provision for amateur exhibitors in all classes given
by the Board at the next annual fair.

On motion of Mr. E. A. Robison, Mr. Braddock was requested
to suggest and prepare classes and prizes for a Juvenile Depart-
meut for the fair.

ANNUAL MEETING. 23

r

Mr. C. L. Hare addressed tlie Board on the subject of care and
management of the race track, as did also Dr. Tl. C. Light, C. L.
Channing, Col. Thomas, M. L. Hare. '

The following propositions were presented and read to the
Board: (Here insert.)

On motion, the election of officers to be filled by the Board was
made a special order for 10 o'clock a. m. tomorrow.

On motion, the Board took a recess until 2 o'clock p. m.

JAMES E. McDonald,

President.
CHARLES DOWNING,

Secretary.

Wednesday Afternoon, March 6, 1901.

The Board reconvened and was called to order at 2 o'clock p. m.,
by President McDonald. All members present except Mr. Llaines.

On motion of Mr. Stevens, seconded by Mr. E. A. Robison, the
land tended in corn last year by Mr. Ealy, the piece of gTOund lying
immediately cast of the janitor's honse and the three-cornered tract
of land across the road east of the Fair Grounds enclosure was
rented to Mr. Thomas Ealy on the following terms: Ealy is to
furnish all tools, labor, seed, etc., and farm the ground in a good
husbandmanlike manner. Cut up all the corn, place same in shocks,
all at least one week before the Fair, and the Board is to iiave one-
half of the crop free of expense in the shock, and the Secretary was
ordered to draw up and enter into a contract with said Ealy in ac-
cordance with the order of the Board.

On motion of Mr. Thompson, duly seconded, the Board voted to
visit the Fair Grounds on tomorrow (Thursday, March 7th), at
1:30 p.m.

24 BOAEB OF AGEICULTUKE.

Dr. W. J. Quick, Mr. Miller and Mr. Oscar Hadley, a committee
representing the Polled Durham Breeders of the State submitted to
the Board, for its consideration, a classification with appropriate
premiums for Polled Durham Cattle.

On motion of Mr. Niblack, the Board went into Executive Ses-
sion for the purpose of considering the revision of the premium
list and other matters.

On motion of Mr, Beauchamp $7,600 was assigned and set apart
to the Speed Department for purses.

Motion by Mr. JSTiblack to amend Mr. Beauchamp's motion to
refer 'the matter of the speed progi'am to Mr. Claypool, Superin-
tendent of the Speed Department, for arrangement.

Pending these motions Mr. Blackstock moved that the matter of
the speed program be deferred until 9 o'clock tomorrow morning.
Carried; and it was so ordered.

On motion of Mr. ISTiblack, seconded by Mr. Claypool, it was
ordered that the sum of $250 be appropriated by the Board for
premiums for Polled Durham Cattle, provided that the Polled
Durham Association would appropriate and pay the sum of $250
as premiums in such class.

On motion of Mr. Niblack, the Secretary and Superintendents
of the Cattle Departments were authorized to offer premiums in
the different classes equal to the amounts offered in such classes
by the different breeders' associations.

Mr. !N"iblack moved that the Tunis Sheep be given a separate
class for that breed of sheep and that $64 be appropriated for the
same.

Motion lost.

On motion of Mr. Stevens, duly seconded, it was ordered that
the Essex, Suffolk and Small Yorkshire breeds of hogs be divided
into separate classes, and that the sum of $Y5 be appropriated to
each class.

ANNUAL MEETI]'i«, 25

A motion was made and seconded that only first money be paid
in Classes 34 (Essex and Suffolk), 35 (Small Yorkshire), and 36,
where there was no competition.

Which motion was lost.

Mr. Conger moved that the suggestions of Mr. Braddock on
juvenile classes for the fair be lef erred to the Executive Committee
for action.

Mr. Jones moved to lay Mr. Conger's motion on the table, which
was carried.

On motion, the Secretary was authorize to return the thanks of
the Board to Mr. Braddock for the interest he manifested in the
success of the State Fair and for the interest taken in the Juvenile
Department, which he suggested.

On motion of Mr. Niblack the Board adjourned until tomorrow
morning at 9 o'clock.

JAMES E. McDonald,

President.
CHAELES DOWNING,

Secretary.

BOARD MEETING, MARCH 7, 1901.

The Indiana State Board of Agriculture met pursuant to the
adjournment.

President McDonald called the Board to order. There were
present, Messrs. McDonald, Niblack, Jones, Thompson, Porter,
Barnett, Nowlin, Conger, E. A. Bobison, E. J. Robison, Black-
stock, Beauchamp, Stevens, Bridges, Claypool. Absent, John C.
Haines.

On the motion of Mr. Stevens, the proposition of the Indiana

Shorthorn Breeders' Association to furnish the sum of

provided the Board appropriated an equal sum for a special class

26 BOARD Oi* AGRICULTURE.

for Shorthonis, competition confined to the members of the Indiana
Shorthorn Breeders' Association, was accepted and the Secretaiy
was instrncted to reqnest Mr. Levitt, Secretary of the Indiana
Shorthorn Breeders' Association, to strike out the clanse in said
proposition limiting exhibitors to the members of the Indiana
Shorthorn Breeders' Association,

On motion of Mr. Blackstock the Board proceeded to the elec-
tion of the officers to be filled by the Board, the hojir for special
order having arrived.

On motion of Mr. Niblack, the President appointed the follow-
ing Committee on Fees and Salaries for the officers for the ensning
year, viz: Messrs. Niblack, Claypool and Conger. The Board
then proceeded to the election of officers.

A vote was had for General Superintendent, wdiicli resulted as
follows : Mr. E. IT. Peed, of New Castle, received nine votes, Mr.
E. A. Pobison, of Rocklane, received four votes.

Mr. E. H. Peed having received a majority of all the votes cast,
the President declared him duly elected General Superintendent
for the ensuing year.

A vote was had for Janitor, which resulted as follows: W. IT.
Stern received nine votes and Mr. Green received four votes.

Mr. Stern having received a majority of all the votes cast for
Janitor, the President declared him duly elected for the ensuing
year.

The Board then proceeded to vote for a person to be recom-
mended to the Governor as a member of the Board of Trustees
of Purdue University to succeed Mr. W. A. Banks, of Laporte,
whose tenn of office expires July 31, 1901, which resulted as fol-
lows: Mr. AV. A. Banks, of Laporte, receiveci nine votes, Mr.
Aaron Jones, of South Bend, received two votes, and Mason J.
Niblack, of Vincennes, received one vote.

ANNUAL MEETING. 27

The President announced that .Mr. W. A. Banks, having received
a majority of all the votes cast was entitled to the recommendation
as a member of the Board of Trustees of Purdue University for

■ years from the 31st day of July, 1901, and the Secretaiy

of the Board is directed to certify said recommendation to the
G o vernor. •

On motion of Mr. Niblack, the matter of renting the Fair
Grounds for training and racing purposes was postponed until after
the Board visits and returns from the Fair Grounds.

Mr. Claypool, Superintendent of the Speed Department, re-
ported the speed program for the coming fair, which was adopted
by the Board on motion of Mr. Niblack, and ordered published in
the premium list as adopted.

Mr. E. A. Robison moved that one-half of the amount given
to the Cattle Classes IG and 17 as published in last year's list be
given to two new classes, viz.: Brown Swiss and Dutch Belted
Cattle.

Mr. McDonald moved to amend said motion by adding $100 to
the amount appropriated to the Holstein-Friesian and Dutch
Belted Class, the Guernsey Class, Ayrshire Class, and that said
amount be divided by four and the following classes be made, viz :
Holstein-Friesian, Dutch Belted, Ayrshire© and Guernseys, but
that no sweepstakes be given in the Dutch Belted and Ayrshire
Classes.

Which amendment prevailed.

On motion of Mr. McDonald, the sum of $100 was deducted
from Creamery Products Class and the classification and arrange-
ment of the same was referred to the Superintendent of that de-
partment and the Secretary.

On motion of Mr. Blackstock, the premiums on Cottage Cheese
were fixed as follows : 1st, $3 ; 2d, $2 ; 3d, $1.

28 BOARD OF AGKICULTUKE.

On motion of Mr. McDonald, the sum of $100 was appropriated
and added to the Horticultural Department, and the matter of
arranging the premium list in that department was referred to the
Superintendent of said department and the Secretary.

On motion, it was ordered that the Flower Department rules and
premiums be referred to the ideas of the State Florists' Associa-
tion, the Superintendent of the Flower Department and the Secre-
tary.

On motion of Mr. Blackstock, the Board ordered that third
premiums be added in Class 37, Grains and Seeds, using no more
money than is now given in said class.

On motion, the President and Secretary were authorized and
directed to look after the claim of the Board heretofore made out
and presented to the United States Government, growing out of
damage to buildings by United States soldiers encamped on the
Fair Grounds in 1898-1899, and that a charge for rent be added
to said claim.

On motion, the Board took a recess until 1 :30 p. m., to visit the
Fair Grounds.

At 4:30 p. m., the Board returned from the Fair Grounds and
reconvened.

Mr. ISTiblack moved that the matter of taking care of the race
track be referred to the Executive Committee, which motion was
seconded by Mr. Porter.

Motion was lost.

Mr. Conger moved that the proposition of Dr. R. C. Light to
rent the grounds for five years for $750.00 per year cash in ad-
vance on conditions named in his proposition be accepted, which
motion was duly seconded and after a full discussion a yea and
nay vote was called for, which resulted as follows ;

ANNUAL MEETING. 29

Ayes — ^Messrs. E. J. Robison and Conger.

Nays — Messrs. Jones, Thompson, Niblack, E. A. Robison, Clay-
pool, Blackstock, Bamett, Stevens, Bridges, Porter, Beauchamp
and McDonald.

The President declared the motion lost.

Mr. Stevens moved that the care and management of the race
track for the ensuing year be referred to the Executive Committee,
which motion was seconded by Mr. Thompson.

After a discussion of the question a yea and nay vote was de-
manded, which resulted as follows:

Yeas — Messrs. Stevens, Blackstock, Niblack and McDonald.

Nays — Messrs. Jones, Conger, Robison, Robison, Barnett,
Thompson, Claypool, Beauchamp and Bridges.

The President declared the motion lost.

On motion of Mr. Stevens, duly seconded, it was ordered by the
Board that the race track, stables and grounds be put in good con-
dition and kept in good condition during the present season, and
that persons occupying stalls for horses in training be charged
$1.50 per head for stalls so occupied and used, and that no horses
be allowed to occupy stalls on the grounds unless the rate fixed
herein be paid.

On motion of Mr. Beauchamp, duly seconded, the Board au-
thorized the renting of the Fair Grounds and race track to Dr. R.
C. Light, of Indianapolis, for the week of July 1, 1901. Said
Light to pay all expenses for taking care of the track during the
week and turn the grounds over to the Board in as good condition
as they are in when the meeting begins, and that the laws of the
State be observed during said meeting, upon the payment to the
Board of the sum of $600.

30 BOARD OP AGEICULTTJEE. e

The Committee on Salaries reported as follows:

Members, $5 per day and 5 cents per mile for each mile traveled.
Secretary, $1,800 per annum, he to pay help needed to conduct the work
of his office.

Treasurer, $550 per annum, he to pay ticket sellers and other help of
his office.

Janitor, $1 per day, including Sunday, free use of gas for two fires
and lights, free pasture for one cow, providing the cow shall not be turned
loose, the right to raise chickens to not exceed 100, free garden spot to
not exceed one-half acre.

General Superintendent, $5 per day and 5 cents per mile for each mile
traveled.

Judges, $5 per day and actual mileage.

Respectfully submitted,

MASON J. NIBLACK,
M. S. CLAYPOOL,
SID CONGBR,

Committee.

On motion, the land in the northeast corner of the grounds
which was cultivated last year, and the three-cornered track on the
outside of the enclosure and also the piece of ground lying east of
the janitor's house which was cultivated last year by Mr. How-
land, is rented and leased to Mr. Thomas Ealy on the same tenus
and conditions as the land in the northeast corner of the grounds
was leased to him last year, and the Secretary is authorized to enter
into a contract for the same.

On motion of Mr. Blackstock, duly seconded, all, unfinished busi-
ness before the Board was referred to the Executive Committee.

JAMES E. McDonald,

President.
CIIAPtLES DOWNING,

Secretary.

r

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE, MARCH 7, 1901.

The President called a meeting of the Executive Committee im-
mediately after the adjournment of the meeting of the Board.

There were present: Messrs. McDonald, Jones, Tho*lnpson,
Beauchamp and Claypool.

ANNUAL MEETING. 31

On motion duly made and seconded, Mr. Claypool was author-
ized and instructed to purchase a pair of mules, one mare to match
the one now owned by the Board, and suitable harness for the
same, on the best terms possible. Said team of mules to be used
in preparing the track for training and driving purposes.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE, APKIL 10, 1901.

The Executive Committee of the Indiana State Board of Agri-
culture met pursuant to the call of the President at the ofSce of
the Secretary at o'clock a. m.

There were present: Messrs. McDonald, Jones, Claypool, Beau-
champ, Thompson and Niblack.

On motion of Mr. Thompson, seconded by Mr. Claypool, it was
ordered that a suitable attraction be secured if possible, upon rea-
sonable terms, for the entertainment of the people who visit the
State Fair and who desire to stay in the city over night. Said
attraction to be put on at the Fair Grounds in the evening, and to
be made a musical and military attraction, provided that the Citi-
zens' Street Railway Company will contribute to a guaranty fund,
in case of a loss, at least one-fourth the expense of putting on said
attraction.

On motion of Mr. Claypool, seconded by Mr. Thompson, it was
ordered that all conmiittees for special attraction and preliminary
arrangements for the fair be appointed l)y the Chairman of the
Executive Committee, the President of the Board.

Mr. Claypool presented to the Board a proposition by the Chi-
cago Hoi*se Review Company to start the Review Stake Races over
the race track of the Indiana State Fair, during the fair of 1901,
and thereupon moved that the proposition be accepted, which mo-
tion was seconded by Mr. Jones, and was carried.

On motion, duly seconded, the matter of caring for the race track
was referred to a committee to be appointed by the Chairman.

32 BOARD OF AGKICULTURE.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE, APRIL 10, 1901.

On motion the matter of the repair of the pump on the Fair
Grounds was referred to the President and Secretary, with power
to act.

On motion of Mr. Beauchamp, seconded by Mr. Niblack, the
matter of printing, stationery, advertising, purchasing tickets, etc*.,
was referred to a committee to be named by the President.

On motion of Mr. JSTiblack, duly seconded, the matter of fixing
the rates to be charged for stalls in the stables on the Fair Grounds
for training purposes, was referred to the committee on caring
for the track, with instructions to said committee to charge the
sum of $40 for a stable where it was used exclusively by one
person.

On motion of Mr. Beauchamp, duly seconded, the Secretary
was authorized and instructed to request the Citizens' Street Car
Company for a loan of 150 settees during the fair.

On motion of Mr. Jones, duly seconded, the Secretary was in-
structed to rent the pasture land in the Fair Grounds enclosure
to Mr. Frank P. Johnson for the sum of $100 for the season.

On motion of Mr. _ Jones, seconded by Mr. Claypool, the rates
for the use of the Fair Grounds for picnic and other purposes were
fixed as follows :

For the use of the grounds and track, $100 per day; for Retail
Grocers' Association picnic, $Y5; for use of grounds without track
and grand stand, $50 per day.

On motion of Mr. Claypool, seconded by Mr. Thompson, the
claim of Mrs. Theresa H. Smith for the rental of 134 acres of land
now leased by the Board, and other bills were allowed, and war-
rants for the same were authorized to be issued.

On motion of Mr. ISTiblack, seconded by Mr. Thompson, it was
ordered by the Committee that Mr. Jones, of the committee, be

ANNUAL MEETING. 33

authorized to secure a loan for an amount sufficient, upon reason-
able terms, to enable the Board to purchase the 134 acres of land
now leased by the Board and owned by Mrs. Theresa H. Smith.

The President uamed the following committees:

Committee on Eace Track and Stables — Messrs. Claypool, Beau-
champ and McDonald.

Committee on Advertising, Printing Stationery and Tickets —
Messrs. McDonald, Thompson and Downing, Secretary.

Committee on Night Attraction and Street Car Matters —
Messrs. McDonald, Niblack and Downing.

The committee opened the bids submitted for printing the
premium list, which were as follows:

Wm. B. Burford $237 90

Levey Bros. & Co 297 00

Indiana Newspaper Union 286 50

Sentinel Printing Company 350 00

Mitchell Printing Company 239 00

On motion of Mr. Niblack, the bid of Wm. B. Burford was
accepted, and he was awarded the contract for printing the

premium list for the coming fair.

■*■

On motion of Mr. Claypool, seconded by Mr. Thompson, it was
ordered that the race track be put in first-class condition at once.
The committee then adjourned.

JAMES £. McDOXALD,

President.
CHARLES DOAVNING,

Secretary.

3 — Agriculture.

84 BOAED OF AGRICULTURE.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE, JULY 5, 1901.

- The Executive Committee of the Indiana State Board of Agri-
culture met pursuant to the call of the President, at the Secretary's
office at 10:30 a. m.

There were present: Messrs. McDonald, Jones, Niblack,
Thompson, Claypool and Beauchainp.

Mr. McDonald, Chairman of the Coimiiittee on Night Attrac-
tion, reported that he had contracted for Sousa and his band for
four concerts Wednesday and Thursday afternoon and evening
for $3,500, which contract, upon motion, was ratified and adopted
l>y the committee.

On motion of Mr. Jones, duly seconded, the action of the Presi-
dent in contracting with the Patriarchs Militant, whereby the
Board is to appropriate $1,000 to the Patriarchs Militant Com-
mittee for prize drills, erect tents and allow cantons in full uniform
company privileges on the Fair Grounds, etc., during the week of
the fair, was ratified, adopted and approved.

On motion of Mr. Jones, duly seconded, the Secretary "^vas
authorized to phi'^.e advertising matter with the same newspapers
used last year upon the same terms as last year.

On motion of Mr. Thompson, duly seconded, the Chairman of
the Night Attraction Committee was instructed to rent Tomlinson
Hall for the Sousa concerts in the event of rain during the week of
the fair.

The application of the Page Woven Wire Fence Company for
a location for an exhibit building on the Fair Grounds was read,
and on moti(m, was referred to Mr. Stevens, Superintendent of the
Mechanical Department, with power to act.

On motion, the matter of the disposition of the ground between
the Administration Building and the grand stand was referred to
the President and Messrs. Stevens and ISTowlin, with power to act.

ANNUAL, MEETING. 35

Mr, Thompson luoved that the Indianapolis Military Band he
employed for four days of the fair for the snm of $315.

On motion of Mr. Thompson, seconded by Mr, Claypool, it was
determined to give the March of Nations as a night attraction in
connection with Sousa's concerts, at a cost not exceeding the sum
of $1,000.

On motion of Mr. B^anchamp, the President appointed Mr,
Beanchamp and the Secretary to aiTange the details for the March
of ]^ations. i •

On motion of Mr. Niblack, duly seconded, Mr, Claypool was
appointed to take charge of the crops put in on the Fair Grounds.

On motion of Mr, Beanchamp, the matter of making contracts
with bill posters was referred to the President and Secretary, with
power to act.

On motion of Mr. ISTiblack, it was ordered that the entrances to
the grand stand be used during the fair, instead of the exits.

The following resolution was introduced by Mr. Niblack, and
seconded by Mr. Claypool, and was adopted,

Indianapolis, Ind., .Tnly .">, 1001.

Whereas, The funds of the Indiana State Board of Agriculture avail-
able for the purpose of paying ciu-reut expenses of the Board and making
repairs preparatory for the fair of IDOl are exhausted, therefore, be It

Rosort'ed, That the President and Secretary be and they are hereby
authorized to negotiate a loan on the best terms possible to be used by
said Board for paying current expenses and for material and repairs pre-
paratory for said fair, and said officers are authorized to sign a uote or
certificate of indebtedness for the purpose of effecting a loan.

MASON J, NIBLACK,

On motion the Board adjourned to meet on the call- of the
President,

JAMES E, McDonald,

President.
CHARLES DOWNING,

Secretary.

36 BOARD OF AGKICULTUEE.

BOARD MEETING, SEPTEMBER 14, 1901.

The Indiana State Board of Agriculture met in the Administra-
tion Building at the Fair Grounds.

There were present: Messrs. McDonald, Beauchamp, Haines,
Stevens, Blackstock, Thompson, Claypool, Barnett, Porter, Ni-
black, E. J. Robison, E. A. Robison, Nowlin and Bridges.

A committee representing the exhibitors in the Mechanical
Department having displays of machinery on the Fair Grounds,
appeared before the Board and requested concessions in the way
of additional helpers' tickets.

After much discussion by members of the committee and mem-
bers of the Board, Mr. Jones moved that the rule on the subject
of helpers tickets as published in the premium list be enforced
by the Superintendent of the Mechanical Department, provided
that the exhibitors in said department would assist the Superin-
tendent in carrying out and enforcing the rule.

Which motion was carried.

On motion of Mr. Claypool, seconded by Mr. Jones, it was
ordered that the Treasurer put on sale special admission tickets
at 50 cents each for the benefit of manufacturers and merchants
and that unused tickets be redeemed by him until Friday afternoon
at 4 o'clock of the week of the fair.

On motion, the matter of the renewal of the natural gas con-
tract running with the Fair Grounds, was referred to the President,
Vice-President and Secretary.

On motion, the Board adjourned.

JAMES E. McDonald,

President.
CHARLES DOWNmO,

Secretary.

ANNUAL MEETING.

37

BOARD MEETING, SEPTEMBER 16, 1901.

The Indiana State Board of Agriculture met pursuant to the
call of President McDonald in the Directors' room in the Adminis-
tration Building on the Fair Grounds.

All members present.

The President announced the program of the Odd Fellows,
who were encamped on the Fair Grounds under an arrangement
with the Executive Committee of the Grand Lodge I. 0. O. F. of
Indiana.

On motion, it was ordered that the Board open the gates to the
general public on Thursday, the day of the funeral of President
McKinley.

On motion, it was ordered that a committee of three be ap-
pointed to call upon the Governor, Mayor of Indianapolis and the
newspapers of Indianapolis and inform them as to the reasons why
the fair can not be closed on Thursday, and to select two speakers
to pronounce eulogies on President McKinley at the grand stand
on that day, and that one hour be set apart and devoted to
memorial services in honor of the dead President. The President
announced the following committee to carry out the motion: E.
J. Robison, Aaron Jones and Mason Niblack.

On ^notion it was ordered that the contract as made with the
Odd Fellows Committee be enforced and strictly adhered to.

On motion, the President's action in refusing to issue fifty com-
plimentary tickets to the members of the City Council of Indian-
apolis was unanimously concurred in.

On motion, the Board adjourned to meet on the call of the
President.

JAMES E. McDOlTALD,

President.
CHARLES DOWNING,

Secretary.

38 BOARD OF AGBICULTUKE.

BOARD MEETING, FAIR GROUNDS, SEPTEMBER 17, 1901.

The Indiana State Board of Agricultnre met at the Adminis-
tration Building at the Fair (jrounds.

There were present all the officers and members of the Board.
The day's program of the fair was carried out as advertised.

JAMES E. McDonald,

President.
CHARLES DOWNING,

Secretary.

BOARD MEETING, FAIR GROUNDS, SEPTEMBER 18, 1901

The Indiana State Board of Agriculture met at the Adminis-
tration Building on the Fair Grounds and proceeded to carry out
the program for the fair as advertised.

All inemLers and officers were present.

JAMES E. McDonald,

President.
CHARLES DOWNING,

Secretary.

BOARD MEETING, FAIR GROUNDS. SEPTEMBER 19, 1901.

The Indiana State Board of Agriculture met at the Adminis-
tration Building on the Fair Grounds.

All the officers and members of the Board were present.

The program for today was carried out as published.

JAMES E. McDonald,

President.
CHARLES DOWNING,

Secretary.

ANNUAL MEETING. 39

BOARD MEETING, FAIR GROUNDS, SEPTEMBER 20, 1901.

The Indiana State Board of AgTiculture met in the Directors'
room of the Administration Buihling on the Fair Grounds.

There were present all the officers and momhers of the Board.

Tlie committee heretofore appointed to arrange a program and
invite speakers for the McKinley memorial reported the following
program, which was canned out on yesterday:

The lutliana State Board of Agriculture has appointed the uudersigued
committee to arrange suitable services on the death of our lamented
President, William McKiidey.

The committee unanimously agreed on the following program:
On Thursday, September li)th, at 1:30 p. m., appropriate memorial
services will be held on the State Fair Grounds. Suitable music will be
furnished l)y Sousa's Band.

Orations on the life and death of the Nation's chieftain will be deliv-
ered by the Hon. .John L. Griffiths and Frank B. Burke. The memorial
services will be in addition to the regular program of tlie day, which will
be caiTied out.

E. .J. RO BISON,
AARON JONES,
MASON NIBLACK,

Committee.

On motion the report of the committee was concurred in and
the committee discharged.

On ifiotion of jNIr. Thompson, duly seconded, the matter of the
purchase of the lo-i acres of land owned by Mrs. Theresa H.
Smith and now occupied by the Board under a lease, be made a
special order for tomorrow morning.

The Board then adjourned.

JAMES E. McDonald,

President.
CHARLES DOWNING,

Secretary.

40 BOAED OF AGKICULTURE.

BOARD MEETING, FAIR GROUNDS, SEPTEMBER 21, 1901.

The Indiana State Board of Agriculture met in the Directors'
room in the Administration Building on the Fair Grounds.

All the officers and members of the Board were present.

On motion of Mr. JSTiblack, the President was made chairman
of a committee to prosecute the claim for damages to the Fair
Grounds and buildings thereon bj reason of the occupation of the
same by the soldiers of the Spanish War, and the President was
authorized to name another member of said committee.

On motion of Mr. -JSTiblack, seconded by Mr. Jones, the Ex-
ecutive Committee of the Board was authorized and instructed to
proceed at once to purchase the 134 acres of land now owned by
Mrs. Theresa H. Smith, and occupied by the Board under a lease
executed by Jay G. Voss, the former owner of said land, and said
committee is authorized to do all things necessary to effect said
purchase, execute notes, mortgages, borrow money, etc.

The day's program was carried out as advertised.

On motion of Mr. Stevens, all unfinished business was referred
to the Executive Committee.

The following resolutions were introduced by Mr. Niblack, sec-
onded by Mr. Jones, and upon being put to a vote by the Presi-
dent, were unanimously adopted by the Board, viz. :

Resolved, That the Indiana State Board of Agriculture does hereby
declare its intention to avail itself of the option or contract with Theresa
H. Smith to purchase and talie title to the real estate now occupied by
said Board under contract of leasing and sale entered into between the
Indiana State Board of Agriculture and Jay G. Voss, on the 12th day of
February, 1892, and which was extended January G, 1899, until the 1st
day of March, 1906, by said Theresa H. Smith, the present owner of said
real estate. A description of said real estate is as follows:

Part of the southwest fractional quarter and part of the southeast
quarter, all in section 18, township 16 north, range 4 east, in said county
(Marion) and State (Indiana) described as follows: Beginning on the west
line of said section at a point 1,320 feet north of the southwest corner

ANNUAL MEETING. 41

thereof, and running east parallel to the south line of said section 2,680.25
feet; thence south parallel to the west line of said section 1,320 feet to
the south line of said section; thence east with said south line to the cen-
ter of Fall Creek; thence northwestwardly with the center of Pall Creek
to the west line of the Peru Railroad right-of-way, now called the Lake
Erie & Western Railroad; thence northwardly with the west line of said
right-of-way to the north line of the south half of said section 18; thence
west with the north line of the south half of said section to the northwest
corner of the southwest fractional quarter of said section; thence south
with said west line of said section 80 rods, more or less, to the place of
beginning, except a strip forty feet wide on the west side of said section
heretofore sold to the Louisville, New Albany & Chicago Railway Com-
pany, containing clear of said railroad strip 134 acres, more or less, situate
in Marion County in the State of Indiana.

Resolved, further. That the ETxecutive Committee of this Board, be and
it is hereby instructed, authorized and empowered to effect the purchase
of said real estate for the price and on the terms mentioned in said con-
tract or option, and to take a deed therefor in the name of the Indiana
State Board of Agriculture, and to execute contracts, notes, mortgages
and all other papers necessary to carry into full force and effect the pur-
poses and intent of these resolutions. And said committee is expressly
authorized to borrow money to pay for said real estate, and to execute
notes for the same and to execute a mortgage on all the real estate owned
by said Board, including the real estate purchased by these resolutions,
in the event it may become necessary to do so, in order to secure the
payment of the money borrowed for the purpose of purchasing said real
estate. MASON J. NIBLACK.

On motion, the Board adjourned.

* JAMES E. McDonald,

President.
CHARLES DOWNING,

Secretary.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETING, OCTOBER 2, 1901.

The Executive Committee of the Indiana State Board of Agri-
culture met pursuant to the call of the President, at the office of
the Secretary of the Board.

All members of the committee were present except Mr. Jones.

42 BOAED OF AGRICULTURE.

On motion the following bills were allowed:

Watkins & Rauschaupt $3 75

New Castle U. R. K. of P 4 00

Chicago Horseman 73 35

The hills of the Western Horseman and the Newspaper Union
were referred to the Secretary for adjnstment.

Upon motion of Mr. Jones, all bills relating to bill-posting were
referred to the President and Secretary for adjnstment in accord-
ance with the contract entered into.

Upon motion, the bill of the Spring Steel Fence & Wire Co.
was disallowed, with the recommendation that said bill be filed
against the State of Indiana ilirongh the Qnartermaster-Greneral.

The bill of Frank L. West was refeiTcd to the Secretary aad
Janitor, wdth instructions to the Secretary to issue a warrant for
the amount of the same if correct.

On motion the bill of L. A. Catt & Co. was referred to the
President for investigation and settlement.

Upon motion, the bills of Balke & Krauss and Parkhurst
Bros., were referred to Mr. E. TI. Peed, General Superintendent,
for adjustment. '

On motion, the bill of Mrs. P. C. TIerrick was disallowed.

Otn motion, the bill of the Ilogan Tl-ansfer Company was
referred to the President and Secretary for settlement.

On motion, the bill of W. TT. Poll & Son was referred to the
General Superintendent, with instructions to return the paper
purchased of them and not used and get credit therefor on the bill.

On motion, the lull of H. M. Stout was referred to Mr. E. A.
Robison.

The bill of the Indianapolis Tent and Awning Company was
allowed, less $10, on account of inferior decorations in the Horti-
cultural Building. '

ANNUAL MEETING. 43

The bill of the American Steel and Wire Company was referred
to the Quartermaster-General of the State of Indiana.

The bill of the Indianapolis Gas Company was referred to the
President and Secretary for investigation and settlenient.

It was moved by Mr. Jones, and seconded by Mr. Beauchamp,
that the bill of Wm. B. Bnrford, as presented, be allowed, with the
exception of the item of $1)70.38 for the publication of the special
report on the ''Hog," and that he be allowed on that item $730.38
instead of $970.38 as shown in the itemized bill.

Which motion was carried unanimously.

On motion by Mr. Jones, seconded by Mr. Beauchamp, it was
ordered that the bills enumerated in the abstract furnished by the
Secretary be allowed, and that the warrauts be drawn on the
Treasurer for the amount.

On motion of Mr. Jones, seconded by Mr. Beauchamp, Mr.
Claypool, Superintendent of the Speed Department, was instructed
to see that the report of suspensions be made at once and that the
records of the office be so prepared that the Board may be able to
enforce its claims.

On motion of Mr. Claypool, duly seconded, the Secretaiy was
authorized to purchase a new typewriter for the Secretary's office.

On motion the committee adjourned.

JAMES E. McDonald,

President.
CHARLES DOWNING,

Secretary.

44 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETING, OCTOBER 4, 1901.

The Executive Committee of the Indiana State Board of Agri-
culture met pursuant to adjournment.

There were present all members of the committee except Mr.
Jones.

The meeting was called to order by President McDonald.

On motion of Mr, Niblack, duly seconded, it was ordered that
the committee proceed at once to the purchase for the Board of the
134 acres of real estate now occupied by the Board under a lease
and option to buy, and that a special committee of three be
appointed to carry out the details of said purchase in accordance
with the resolution authorizing the Executive Committee to buy
said real estate.

The President appointed the following committee in accordance
with the action of the committee, viz.: McDonald, Claypool and
Niblack.

On motion of Mr. Claypool, duly seconded, the Secretary and
Superintendent of Speed were appointed a committee to employ
a competent engineer to prepare plans and specifications for a
half-mile track and athletic grounds in the infield of the mile track.

On motion of Mr. Niblack, seconded by Mr. Beauchamp, it was
ordered that the claim of the Board for damage done to the
buildings and grounds be prosecuted diligently, and that a fair
charge be made against the Government as a rental for the occu-
pancy of the grounds as a military camp in the year 1898. It was
also ordered that the claim be not less than $15,000 for rental and
damages.

On motioln, J. W. Lagrange, Treasurer of the Board, was
allowed the sum of $95 on account of extra work and expense
incurred in selling reserved seat tickets for the grand stand and
for ticket sellers at the night attraction.

ANNUAL MEETING. 45

On motion, the Secretary was authorized to make a contract
with the Business Men's Driving Club for the use of the race
track and stables for training and matinee races for the year 1902.

On motion of Mr. Niblack, seconded by Mr. Thompson, a vote
of thanks of the Executive Committee was extended to President
McDonald for the very satisfactory manner he personally con-
ducted the committee to Springfield, 111., to visit the Illinois State
Fair.

On motion, a vote of thanks was extended to the officers of the
Illinois State Fair for the kind and generous treatment of the
members of the Executive Committee during their visit to the
Illinois State Fair, and the Secretary was instructed to inform the
officers of the Illinois State Fair of the action of this committee.

On motion, the renting of the cattle barns for storage purposes
was referred to the Secretary.

On motion of Mr. Niblack, the adjustment of $550 agreed upon
by the insurance company's adjuster was accepted by the Board,
for the loss by fire of one of the cattle barns, and that proofs of
loss be made out and signed by the Secretary.

On potion the committee adjourned.

JAMES E. McDonald,

' President

CHARLES DOWNING,

Secretary.

r

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETING, DECEMBER 3, 1901.

The Executive Committee of the Indiana State Board of Agri-
culture met pursuant to the call of the President.

There were present: Messrs. McDonald, Thompson, Niblack,
Beauchamp, Claypool, General Superintendent, Treasurer and
Secretary.

46 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

On motion of Mr. Niblack, the bill of tlie Indianapolis Gas
Company was allowc^d and ordered paid.

On motion, tlie Secretary was ordered to arrange and have
printed and published the program for the annual meeting to be
held January 7 and 8, 1002.

On motion of Mr. Nildack, it was ordered that the annual
meeting be held on the 7th. and 8th of January, 1002, that the
election of members be held on the afternoon of the 8th, and that
the details of the program be referred to the President and
Secretary.

On motion, the Secretary was directed to invite the Governor of
Indiana and the Mayor of Indianapolis and Dr. A. W. Bitting to
address the annual meeting.

On motion, Messrs. Niblack, Thompson and Claypool Avere
a])pointed a committee to secure Hon. James Wilson, Secretary of
Agricidture, to address the annual meeting.

i

Mr. Claypool introduced the following resolution, which was
seconded by Mr. Thompson, and upon being put to a vote by the
President was unanimously adopted, to wit:

Resolved, That the sum of .$1.S,44X) of the funds of the Board be and
tlie same is hereby npproi)riated to make the first payment for the pnrehase
of the lo-t-aere tniet of hind now owned by Mrs. Theresa H. Smith, and
under lease by the Board and used and occupied as part of the Fair
(Jrounds of the Board; and the Secretary is authorized to draw a warrant
for said sum at the dircH-tion of the E'xecutive Committee or the Special
Committee of the Executive Committee.

M. S. CLAYBOOL.

Seconded by John L. Thompson.

,0n niotiou, tlie committee adjourned to meet on December 13,
1001, for the purpose of closing up the land sale.

JAMES E. McDonald,

President.
CHARLES DOWNING,

Secretary.

ANXUAL MEETING. 47

AN:NtUAL meeting— 1902.

January 7, 1902.

The fiftieth animal meeting- of the Delegate Board of Agricul-
ture met in the rooms of the Indiana State Board of Agriculture,
in the State House, in the city of Indianapolis, Ind., on Tuesday,
January 7, 1902, pursuant to the law governing said Board, with
Hon. James K McDonald, of Ligonier, President of said Board,
ill the chair. *

The roll call showed districts rojn-escmtcMl as follows:

1st District — John C. Haines Rockport Spencer County.

2d District — Mason J. Niblack Vincennes Knox County.

8d District— W. W. Stevens Salem Washington County.

4th District — E. A. Rol)ison Franklin Johnson County.

5th District— H. L. Nowlin Lawrenceburg Dearborn County.

6th District — Knode Porter Hagerstown Wayne County.

7th District — E. J. Robison Indianapolis Marion County.

8th District — Sid Conger Shelbyville Shelby County.

9th District — W. T. Beauchamp Terre Haute Vigo County.

10th District — .John C. Bridges Bainbridge Putnam County.

11th District— M. S. Claypool Muncie Delaware County.

12th District — W. M. Blackstock Lafayette Tippecanoe County.

13th District — John L. Thompson . . . .Gas City Grant County.

.14th District — Cott Barnett Logansport Cass County.

15th District — Aaron Jones Soutli Bend St. Joseph County.

16th District — James E. McDonald. . . Ligonier Noble County.

I^pon the call of the County xigricultural and Horticultural
Associations the following delegates answered present:

Name of Fair. Name of Delegate. Postoffice Address .

Angola Frank McCartney Angola.

Anderson C. K. McCuUough Anderson.

Bainbridge J. C. Bridges Bainbridge.

Boswell ; . . M. A. McDonald West Lebanon.

Bridgeton

Bedford Geo. W. McDaniel Bedford.

Boonville C Pelzer Boonville.

Bourbon Charles Downing Indianapolis.

48 BOAED OF AGRICULTURE.

Name of Fair. Name of Delegate. Postoffice Address.

Bremen Fred Wheeler Crown Point.

Bloomington

Brazil W. T. Beauchamp Terre Haute.

Columbus Joe Overstreet Franklin.

Cleona

Corydon Oscar L. Huston Cory don.

Chrisney J. C. Haines Rockport.

Cayuga M. A . McDonald West Lebanon.

Covington Wm. H. Miles Covington.

Crawfordsville J. J. Insley Crawfordsville.

Crown Point Fred Wheeler Crown Point.

Converse Kenton Garrison Converse.

Danville

Decatur E. Lyons Berne.

Evansville Eob't Mitchell Princeton.

Elwood

East Enterprise H. L. Nowlin Lawrenceburg.

Fairmount John L. Thompson Gas City.

Frankfort Jas. A. Hedgcock Frankfort.

Frankfort Races

Franklin John Tilson Franklin.

Ft. Wayne

Flora

Greenfield Charles Downing Greenfield.

Hagerstown Knode Porter Hagerstown.

Huntingburg Henry Duff'endach Huntingburg.

Huntington Rob't Simonton Huntington.

Kokomo Races H. H. Leach Kokomo.

Kentland W. A. Strohm Kentland.

Kendallville J. E McDonald Ligonier.

Logansport Driving Club ... Cott Barnett Logansport.

Lawrenceburg H. L. Nowlin Lawrenceburg.

Lebanon Riley Hauser Lebanon.

Liberty J. H. McMahan Liberty.

Lafayette Wm. M. Blackstock Lafayette.

Laporte L. S. Fitch Laporte.

Marion Driving Association.

Marengo

Middletown Knode Porter Hagerstown.

Muncie

Madison

Marion .'

North Vernon A. A. Tripp North Vernon

Newtown T. E. Martin Newton.

Nashville Henry B. Miller Nashville

ANNUAL MEETING. 4:9

t
Name of Fair. Name of Delegate. Postoffice Address.

New Castle

New Albany Ed. S. Tuell Corydon.

New Carlisle A. H. Compton New Carlisle.

New Harmony

Newport Henry B. Miller Nashville.

Osgood R. A. Creigmile Osgood.

Oakland City

Porter ...

Plainfield Horticultural Assn. Oscar Hadley Danville.

Poplar Grove

Portland E. Lyons Portland.

Princeton S. Hargrove Princeton.

Rushville Ed Crosby Eushville.

Riley W. T. Beauchamp Terre Haute.

Richmond Walter S. Ratliff Richmond.

Rochester . A. Stinson Rochester.

Ramelton H. B. Miller Nashville.

Rockport J, C. Haines „ . . . Rockport.

Remington

Salem H. C. Hobbs Salem.

Swayzee John L. Thompson Gas City.

Sheridan Calvin Sturdevant Sheridan.

Shelbyville S. B. Morris Shelby ville.

South Bend

Tipton

Terre Haute W. T. Beauchamp Terre Haute.

Vincennes Dr. M. M. McDowell Vincennes.

Valparaiso

Winchester A. C. Green Winchester.

West Lebanon M. A. McDonald West Lebanon.

Noble Co. Hort. So Lewis Shearer Ligonier.

Cass. Co. Hort. So

Marion Co. Hort. and Ag. So. W. B. Flick Lawrence.

Lagrange Co. Hort. and Ag. So. J. C. Grossman Lagrange.

Johnson Co. Hort. So H. M. Stout Franklin.

Floyd Co. Hort. So J. W. McKinstry Corydon.

The President announced the following committees:

Auditing Committee — Messrs. Haines, Porter and Bridges.

On Credentials — M. A. McDonald, Fred E. Wheeler and M.
S. Claypool.

t ,

i-Z'i "jlture.

50 BOAKD OF AGRICULTURE.

The President appointed Messrs. Conger, McDonald and Mc-
Malian to escort Governor Dnrbin to the room.

After being- introduced by the President, Governor Durliin
addressed the meeting.

Mr. John L. 'rhomps(jn, Vice-Presitk^it of the Board, being in
the chair during the President's annual address, upon the conclu-
sion of said address appointed Messrs. Blackstock, Mitchell and
McMahon a committee on said address, with instructions to report
at the next session of the meeting.

The Secretary then presented and read his report which is as
follows:

SECRETARY'S REPORT.

Indianapolis, Iml., .Taiiuary 7, 11>02.

To tlio President and Members of tlie Indiana State Board of Agriculture:
Gentlemen— I beg to submit a report of the receipts and disliursenients
of the Indiana State Board of Agriculture for the j^ear ending January
G, 11>02, as follows:

Receipts.

Balance in treasury .lanuary 8, 1001 .$8(5 10

Appropriation from State 1().(K)0 Ol)

Proceeds of loan 4,!>2(> 70

Rents from track, stable and grounds (>2(» 80

Stall and pen rents l.:no 00

Privileges 4,3.')7 fMJ

Admissions 35.70;i 00

Entry fees 4,040 (M)

Exhibitors' tickets 480 00

Insurance on barn burned 550 00

Sales of oats and corn 2(10 00

Fines collected 20 00

Special premiums 912 50

Total .$63,273 00

ANNUAL MEETING. 51

' Disbursements.

Members' per tliem $4,374 67

Salaries of officers 3,322 40

Construction labor and repairs 2,2!K) 50

Furniture and tools 103 20

Rental of 134 acres of land 2,412 00

Insurance 2,069 59

Loans repaid and interest 5,<X)4 (>5

Postage, telegraph and telephones 583 38

Express and freight 180 89

Printing, stationery and supplies ],0(>4 30

Advertising 3;838 71

Police 712 45

Assistant Superintendents and Judges 2,212 75

Fair supplies 899 97

Special attractions, Sousa's band 3,500 00

Special attractions, Odd Fellows' drills 1,000 00

Gas and lighting buildings and grounds 368 40

Track harrow 145 00

Horses, harness and wagon 533 78

Printing "Hog Report" 770 38

Settees for grounds 177 50

Music for fair 315 00

Typewriter and cabinet 99 90

Straw 265 64

Feed ^ 142 45

Tents for Odd Fellows 121 66

Miscellaneous 1,098 72

I'reniiunis 18,935 50

Warrants issued in I'.Mio and paid in 1!M)1 263 95

Balance 6,525 60

Total $63,273 OU

The following is a list of the warrants issued in 19U0 and paid by the
Ti'easurer in 1901:

No. 166. John F. Wright $50 00

No. 5892. American Express Co 75

No. 4021. Wabash Plaindealer 4 00

No. 4023. Lafayette Home Journal 5 00

No. 4032. W. C. Ball & Co 4 00

No. 4090. D. B. Morris 50

No. 4123. American Express Co •. . . 8 70

No. 4159. J. W. Lagrange 191 00

Total $263 95

52 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

The following warrants issued in 1901 are outstanding at this date:

No. 4570. Dana Democrat $1 00

No. 4630. Martinsville Reporter 1 50

No. 4631. Martinsville Republican 1 50

No. 4644. Plainfield Hoosier Trail 1 50

No. 4678. Winchester Republican 1 00

No. 259. E. W. Bowen, premium 14 00

Total • $20 50

STATEMENT OF FAIR.

Receipts.

Admissions $85,703 00

Privileges 4,357 90

Entry fees 4,140 00

Stall and pen rents 1,310 00

Special prizes 912 50

Exhibitors' ticliets 480 00

Total $46,903 40

Dinbur/^ements.
Premiums —

Speed horses $6,880 00

Show horses 1,624 00

Cattle 3,646 00

Sheep 1,451 00

Swine 1,454 00

Poultry 761 25

Fruits 481 50

Flowers 342 00

Bees and honey 66 00

Dairy products 155 00

Agriculture 705 50

Art 1,216 50

Table luxuries 152 75

Special attractions, Sousa's band 3,500 00

Special attractions. Odd Fellows' drills 1,000 00

Per diem and mileage, season 4,367 32

Salaries, season 2,717 90

Postage, telegi-aph and telephone 522 83

Printing, stationery and supplies 1,001 31

Advertising 3,458 06

Police 709 20

ANNUAL MEETING. 53

Judges and Assistant Superintendents $2,191 75

Fair supplies 899 97

Music 315 00

Freight and express 97 96

Miscellaneous 2,221 52

Profits of the Fair 4,965 08

Total $46,903 40

SUMMARY.

Total receipts for 1901 $63,273 00

Total warrants issued in 1901 56,483 45

$6,789 55

It is fair to state that of the items comprising the expenditures, there
is included therein claims and loans which should have been paid in 1900,
amounting to $6,901.94.

Very respectfully submitted,

CHARLES DOWNING,

Secretary.

TREASURER'S REPORT.

To the President and Members of the Indiana State Board of Agriculture:
Gentlemen— I have the honor to submit the annual report of the Treas-
urer of the State Board of Agriculture for the year ending January 7, 1902:

Receipts.

Balance in treasury Januai-y, 1901 $86 10

Appropriation from State 10,000 00

Admissions 35,703 00

Received from Secretary during the year 17,483 00

Total $63,273 00

Disbursements.

Warrants issued in 1900 paid in 1901 $263 95

Warrants issued and paid in 1901 56,462 95

Balance on hand 6,546 10

Total $63,273 00

I herewith file warrants paid by me.

Respectfully submitted,

J. W. LAGRANGE,
Treasurer Indiana State Board of Agriculture.

54 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

On motion, tlie above reports were referred to the Auditing
Committee.

Tlie Superintendents of tlie different departments filed their
several reports.

Dr. A. W. Bitting, of Purdue University, addressed the meet-
ing, and his address reads as follows:

OUR LIVE STOCK INTERESTS AND THEIR PROTECTION.

If the Delegate State Board of Agriculture could assemble in the
amphitheater ou the Fair Grouuds to make a review of all the horses in
the State hitched in pairs as one continuous team, and they shoidd move
along at the comfortable gait of a mile in five minutes, it would require
one entire working week of nine hours each day with barely a half-hour
out for refreshments. When the Avheel horses would reach the i-eviewing
party, the lead team would have passed through Terre Haute, to Vincennes
and cut across the State to Lawrenceburg, thence to Greensburg, via
New Castle to Fort Wayne, after which they would turn west to Plymouth
and thence on the return home to Indianapolis. If when the last team of
horses should reach the grand stand a rest should be taken luitil the next
day and the mules started in the same manner, and after three hours had
passed as a grand finale, it would require the massing of the animals
twenty abreast around the entire track to get out of the way of the re-
turning lead team.

If the dairy cows could be gotten into one barn and arranged in two
rows, the barn would extend the entire length of the Lake Erie & Western
track from Michigan City to Indianapolis and then reach beyond to Shel-
byville. If the beef stock were collected into one large yard it wovUd need
to be nine times as large as the whole of the State Fair Grounds, or cover
1,8.33 acres. The hogs would require 2,30(5 acres more, and the sheep would
have a lot one and one-fourth miles long and one mile wide, or a tract
one mile Avide and seven and one-half miles long.

These facts present to lis a picture of very large live stock interests.
The regrettable part of the picture is that Avhile that immense procession
of horses was passing, a number sufficient to make a solid procession
nineteen and one-half miles long, a similar line of mules one and a half
miles long were not able to keep up with the pace, and the number of
cattle, hogs and sheep that could not be brought to the market would be
sufficient to give more than a quarter of beef, two and one-half carcasses
of hogs, and a third of a sheep for each inhabitant of the city of In-
dianapolis.

ANNUAL MEETING}. 55

It would have been much easier to have presented the bare figures
for these several facts, but if the presentation in this manner may give a
better conception of the enormity of the business and that our losses on
meat products alone are greater than would be necessary to supply the
needs of the largest city in the State, then my object will be accomplished.

I shall not deal Avith the advantages that might come from better
breeding, the losses because of the indefensibly poor business methods in
managing dairy herds, the superiority of certain feeds or their preparation
in a certain manner, as tliese are the topics for the various l)reeders' asso-
ciations. I shall deal only witli some of the problems concerning the losses
sustained from disease. These losses are real losses because the product
has been produced and the owner does not realize for his time or lal)or in
producing it.

Tlie problem is not a simple one, as it involves phases for which the
public is not yet prepared. It involves certain police control of some of
the contagious and infectious diseases, i)etter veterinary service among
practitioners, a better knowledge of preventive measures among the own-
ers and a larger research after practical measures for control. You ma.y
be relieved to Icnow that the panacea is not to introduce a course of veter-
inaiy science in tlie country or common schools, as is so often recom-
mended for agricxdture, nature stiuly, and now for tlie latest fad— forestry.
I would not even recommend a special course in veterinary science at the
State Agricultural College at the present time, although the number that
might desire to enter miglit l)e equal to that in the agricultural course.

To l)egln with, we must divide the losses due to disease into two
classes, that which is preventable and that which is l)eyond our control.
Animals will wear out. some will become the victims of accidents, others
will contract disease due to the work, care, exposure and other uecessary
factors, and a large ninnber l)ecome affected with infectious diseases; the
means of the accumidation of such infection we either do not know or can
not conti'ol. We do not know liow to control intluenza witli all its compli-
cations, strangles in colts, or even to limit the apparently simple sore eyes
or sore mouth of cattle to the herd in which it first appears. It may break
out in tile next lierd two or tliree miles aw.-iy. and no Iviiown means of com-
munication exists. We do not even know all the factors in the dissemina-
tion of the swine plague and hog cholera, and some of those that we do
know are not withiiw)ur control. This is only a hint at the list that might
be cited. Proliald.v it miglit lie better to (piallfy the statement Ijy saying
that we do not know practical means for control, as there is a difference
between being long on theory and short on practical application of facts.
The question remains, do we do as well as we know how. and do we make
the best efforts to know how? The State exercises police control over
glanders, and by the stamping-out process has reduced the number so nuicli
that only three cases were found between the months of INIay and the first
of November. Recently we found it necessary to destroy twenty-six head

56 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

in one camp, but this is an exceptional experience and probably will not
be repeated again in many years. Public opinion is wholly favorable to
the vigorous methods of stamping-out process.

The loss from this disease is insignificant as compared with that from
some others. Appraised at full value, the loss will hardly aggi'egate more
than from two to five thousand dollars annually. At the lowest estimate
the losses from tuberculosis among cattle is ten times this amount, and is
bound to increase annually. Would any of the live stock associations that
meet this week approve of inspection of herds, and quarantining until
ridded of affected animals? Some of the States require a certificate of
freedom from this disease when our cattle go to them, but we do not
exact one in returnL There can be no doubt but that the extent to which
the disease prevails and the dangers of spreading from animal to animal
and from animal to man have been greatly exaggerated many times, but
it is a malady of so much importance that we can not afford to let it gain
more foot-hold through default of action. The State is prepared to render
assistance in its detection wherever there is reason to believe it may be
present in a herd.

During the same period that three cases of glanders occuri'ed among
horses we were I'equested to give attention to more than two hundred
cases of contagious abortion in herds numbering about seven hundred
cows. Here was a loss at least twenty times as great as that among the
horses; but how many Hereford, Shorthorn, or Jersey cattle breeders
would approve of a rigid quarantine of such breeding stock for one year?
You can depend upon every man approving such action as long as it hits
the other fellow's herd, but no longer. Who can say what course of pro-
cedure should be taken with this disease? May the disease be communi-
cated by the male? Should the quarantine extend to all the cattle for the
same period, the aborting and the nonaborting alike? And if a quarantine
be the desired method of cohtrol, what should be the period? I predict
that more trouble will be experienced from this disease than from many
others, as we are dependent wholly upon the honor and honesty of the
owner for its confinement to a given herd.

Among sheep we have a parasitic disease known as the twisted stom-
ach worm, causing far more loss than that produced by scabes. This latter
disease is considered of sufficient importance to be specifically mentioned
in the acts of the Legislature, and vigorous measures are provided for
stamping it out. Would sheepmen approve of the quarantining of a flock
of sheep known to be badly infested with the stomach worm, or insist
upon their treatment before being distributed to other flocks? The two
diseases are not exactly parallel, but I believe that sheepmen will agree
that a quarantine until a course of treatment might be followed would
not be prejudicial to the industry.

Texas fever among cattle is often cited to spring terror in the minds
of cattlemen. As a matter of fact we have little or nothing to fear from

ANNIJAL, MEETING. 57

this disease. We have no open season, and if we had the disease could
not spread from one place to another except by being carried directly by
the affected cattle. It can not be borne by wind or water or any other
element that is not under our control. The public sentiment, however, is
such that any measure for stamping out, whether rational or not, would
be tolerated and never questioned.

Hydrophobia or rabies is a much more serious affection, but who would
be willing to indorse the extermination of the worthless curs that kill
$80,000 worth of sheep annually, besides propagating this disease and, I
might add, make their owners poorer? An interesting case promises to
develop in an action to recover from the township the value of- fourteen
head of cattle (lost out of a herd of thirty-eight) the result of the bites of
a rabid dog. If action will stand for sheep kiUed it ought to stand for
rabies communicated.

I have cited these few cases to show that with a proper public senti-
ment a dangerous disease may be practically stamped out or the losses
resulting be made so small that they scarcely figure to the fifth place in
numerals. Without this sentiment a disease of far greater importance
may be allowed to run riot. While we do not do all that we know how to
do, it is possible that this conservatism keeps us from doing things which
we do not know how to do well.

In my opinion the first essential necessary for the better control of
these diseases and thus lessening tlae losses is to distribute accurate and
not exaggerated information upon these things which we do know and can
do. This will assist in securing a proper public appreciation of the desira-
bility for doing something, and remove prejudice. The means is largely
through the agi'icultural press and through the action of such bodies as
this one.

The second is in the encouragement of a better class of veterinary
practitioners throughout the State. The last General Assembly passed a
veterinary practice law exceedingly liberal in requirements or qualifica-
tions, reasonable in intent but unfortunately, through faulty construction,
almost inoperative. It is not strange, howevei-, that the very people who
would be most benefited by its provisions are the ones to give it the most
severe censure. The time has passed when men who have so little knowl-
edge of anatomy that they could not tell an incomplete skeleton of the
horse from that of the cow, or who depend upon Mayhew's illustrated stock
doctor or the advertisement of Kendall's spavin cure or international stock
food for their therapy, should be permitted to criminally torture and ruin
any one of our animals that represents a part of the $80,000,000 invested in
them. I have letters in my possession from men, stating their qualifica-
tions for practice that base their great knowledge and worth to the com-
munity upon the fact that they had read works that were out of press
fifty years ago and were obsolete to all except the antiquarian twenty-five
years ago. The law has had some good effects, and may it be stx-engthened
and not weakened.

58 BOAKD OF AGEICUI/rURE.

Upon the pai't of the State the present police control should be mahi-
tained and enlari:;('d as rapidly as we are sure of our gi'oinid. In the mean-
time Ave should be seelving facts upon which we may base rational action
for whatever we undertake to control. The diseases of the lower animals
have not been and are not being studied as fully as they should be. Some
private i>ractitionei-s and a few experiment stations have done excellent
work, and that done by the Bureau of Animal Industry is of as high grade
as done anywhere in the study of the diseases of the human subject, but
they are not able to completely cover the field. The interest shown in
such work is attested I)y the fact that wliile the great majority of govei-n-
ment publications go Itegging to get a talcer, the publications of the Bureau
of Animal Industry have been repeated through several editions and now
are the most difficult of all to obtain from the Agricultural Department.
Even in our own State how gi*eat was the demand and how quickly did
the special report become exhausted two years ago. Write to any of the
experiment stations for a file of their bulletins and see how often certain
numbers will i)e exhausted and you will find them more often to be upon
animal diseases than any other subject. Right here at home we need to
know more aI)out the cornstalk disease, cerebro spinal meningitis, the
prevention of the eye disease and sore mouth of cattle, where vaccination
should be practiced for the prevention of blackleg, more of the therapy of
influenza and strangles, more al)out poultry trouliles, and more than all
these how to practically prevent hog cholera and swine plague.

Under the present law investigations may be conducted upon any dis-
ease and tlie fund not exhausted, for necessary police control will be used
for such purpose. It is to be hoped that the results from such efforts will
be of more general benefit than that from the control work proper. Our
immediate need is a place for, and a modernly equipped laboratory in
which to do the work. Our Experiment Station has an equipment barely
adequate for the simplest kinds of work, but not in keeping with the im-
portance of this field of research.

This paper is merely a suggestion of the present status of the work
of animal protection and a hint at something to think about of what
should be done to reduce the $2,000,000 loss on preventable diseases.

The meeting was then adjonrncd to meet at 2 p. m.

On motion of Robert Mitchell, the delegate Board adjourned
to meet tomorrow morning at 9:30.

JAMES E. McDonald,

President.
CHARLES DOWNING,

Secretary.

ANNUAL, MEETING. 59

January 8, 1902.

The Delegate Board met pursuant to adjournment on January 8,
1902, with the same officers and members present.

President McJ)onakl announced that the meeting wouki receive
and hear the reports of the connnittees on President's Address,
Credentials and Auditing.

The Connnittee on President's Address submitted its report,
which was adopted. Said report reads as follows:

To the President ami Members of the Imliana State Board of Agriculture:
Gentlemen— Your committee appointed to pass upon the President's
address would report as follows:

We have carefully examined the address of President McDonald in
detail.

We heartily commend the address as a whole, and especially the kind
words relative to our Agricultural College at Lafayette, and tlie manage-
ment of the Farmers' Institute.

AVe would also commend the action of the President and State Board
in their successful negotiations for the recent purchase of 134 acres of
Fair Ground property.

We wish to accord the highest praise to the State Board in its conduct
of the most successful fair in the liistory of the State, as shown by tlie
President's address.

Respectfully submitted,

W. M. BLACKSTOCK,
H. F. McMAHAN,
F. L. WHEELER,

Committee.

The Auditing Committee submitted its report, which was con-
curred in on motion of Mr. Haines. Said report read as follows:

REPORT OF AUDITING COMMITTEE.

To the President and Delegates State Board of Agriculture:

Gentlemen— Your committee appointed to audit the receipts and ex-
penditures of the State Board of Agriculture of Indiana beg leave to report
that we have carefully and thoroughly gone through the boolis of the Sec-
retary and Treasurer, and looked up all the receipts and each item of

60 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

expenditure for the year past, and we find that the report of these ofllcers
of the Board are absolutely correct.

Respectfully submitted,

JOHN C. HAINES,
KNODE PORTER,
J. C. BRIDGES,

Committee,

The Committee on Credentials reported as follows:

REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON CREDENTIALS.

To the President and Members of the Indiana State Board of Agriculture
and the Delegates to the Indiana State Board of Agriculture:
Gentlemen— We, the undersigned Committee on Credentials, beg leave

to submit the following list of delegates who are entitled to vote in this

body:

Name of Fair. Name of Delegate. Poatoffiee Address.

Angola Frank McCartney Angola. '

Anderson C. K. McCullough Anderson.

Bainbridge J. C. Bridges Bainbridge.

Boswell M. A. McDonald West Lebanon.

Bridgeton

Bedford Geo. Wm. McDaniel Bedford.

Boonville J. C. Haines Rockport.

Bourbon Charles Downing Indianapolis.

Bremen Fred Wheeler Crown Point.

Bloomington (no report)

Brazil Wm. T. Beauchamp Terre Haute.

Columbus Joe Overstreet

Cleona

Corydon Oscar L. Huston Corydon.

Chrisney J. C. Haines Rockport.

Cayuga M. A. McDonald West Lebanon.

Covington W. F. Hulet Covington.

Crawfordsville J. J. Insley Crawfordsville.

Crown Point Fred Wheeler Crown Point.

Converse Kenton Garrison Converse.

Danville James A. Dungan

Decatur E. Lyons Berne.

Evansville Robt. Mitchell

Elwood

East Enterprise H. L Nowlin Lawrenceburg.

Fairmount J ohn L. Thompson Gas City.

ANNUAL MEETING. 61

Name of Fair. Name of Delegate. Postoffice Address.

Frankfort Jas. A. Hedgcock Frankfort.

Frankfort Races J. A. Hedgcock Frankfort.

Franklin John Tilson Franklin.

Fort Wayne Geo. V. Kell

Flora

Greenfield Chae. Downing

Hagerstown Knode Porter Hagerstown.

Huntingburg Henry Dufendach Huntingburg.

Huntington Rob't Simonton Huntington.

Kokomo Races H. H. Leach Kokomo.

Kentland H. A. Strohm Kentland.

KendallTille J. E. McDonald Ligonier.

Logansport Driving Club . . .Cott Barnett Logansport.

Lawrenceburg H. L. Nowlin Lawrenceburg.

Lebanon Riley Hauser Lebanon.

Liberty J. N. McMahan Liberty.

Lafayette Wm. M. Blackstock Lafayette.

Laporte L. S. Fitch Laporte.

Marion Driving Association.

Mareago

Middletown Knode Perter Hagerstown.

Muncie C. H. Anthony Muncie.

Madison H. L. Nowlin

Marion V. W. Marshall

North Vernon A. A. Tripp North Vernon.

Newton T. E. Martin Newton.

New Castle Doctor Smith

New Albany Ed. S. Tuell Corydon.

New Carlisle A. H. Compton New Carlisle.

New Harmony

Newport M. A. McDonald West Lebanon.

Osgood J. E. McDonald Osgood.

Oakland City

Porter

Plainfield O. Hadley

Poplar Grove

Portland E. Lyons Portland.

Princeton S. Hargrove Princeton.

Rushville Ed. Crosby Rushville.

Riley W. T. Beauchamp Terre Haute.

Richmond Walter S. Ratliff Richmond.

Rochester A. Stinson Rochester.

Ramelton H. B. Miller Nashville.

Rockport J, C. Haines Rockport.

Remington

62

BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

Name of Fair. Name of Delegate. Postoffice Address.

Salem H. C. Hobbs Salem.

Swazee John L. Thompson Gas City.

Sheridan Calvin Sturdevant Sheridan.

Shelbyville S. B. Morris Shelbyville.

South Bend

Tipton

Terre Haute W. T. Beaucharap Terre Haute.

Vincennes Dr. M. M. McDowell

Valparaiso

Winchester ; A. C. Green Winchester,

West Lebanon M. A. McDonald West Lebanon.

Noble Co. Hort. Society Lewis Shearer Ligonier.

J. C. Kimmel Ligonier.

Cass Co. Hort. Society

Marion Co. H. and A. So ... W. B. Flick Lawrence.

Lagrange Co. H. and A. So. .J. C. Grossman Lagrange.

Floyd Co. Trotting Ass'n . .
Johnson Co. Hort. Society
St. Joseph Oo. Hort. So . . .
Putnam Co. Poultry Ass'n

Grange Jubilee

Floyd Co. Hort. Society ..

. H. M. Stout Franklin.

■ J. W. McKintry Corydon.

M. A. McDonald,

FRED WHEELER,
M. S. CLAYPOOL,

Committee.

The next order on the program being the nomination of candi-
dates for membership on the Board, the President declared the
meeting opened for that purpose.

The following nominations were then made:

1st Distnet — John C. Haines was nominated by Mr. Eobert
Mitchell, seconded by Calvin Stnrdevant.

2d District — Mason J. ISTiblack was nominated by Mr. E. H.
Peed, and seconded by George McDaniel.

3d District — Mr. E. S. Tnell was nominated by Mr. McXinstry
and Mr. C. W. Brubeck was nominated by Mr. M. A. McDonald.

ANNUAL MEETING. 63

4th District — Mr. John Tilson was nominated by Mr. W. S.
Yonng and Mr. E. A. Ilubison was nominated by Mr. J. C.
Grossman.

7th District — Mr. Da^dd Wallace was nominated by Mr. M. A.
McDonald and the nomination was seconded by Mr. A. J. Robison.

14th District — Mr. Cott Barnett was nominated by Mr. ,

and Joseph Cunningham was nominated by Mr. L. L. Moorman.

15th District — Mr. C. B. Benjamin was nominated by Mr.

, Mr. R. F. Small was nominated by Mr. ,

and Mr. Robert Jones was nominated by Mr. Robert Mitchell.

IGth Disti-ict— Mr. J. E. McDonald was nominated by Mr.
Sylvester Johnson and the nomination was seconded by Senator
G. V. Kell.

There being no further nominations the President declared the
nominations closed, and declared the meeting open for the election
of members from the First, Second, Third, Fourth, Seventh, Four-
teenth, Fifteenth and Sixteenth Districts, and appointed Messi^s.
W. W. Morgan, H. L. Nowlin, W. F. Unlet and Geo. W. Mc-
Daniels tellers to take up and count the vote.

There being but one candidate for membership for the First
District, the Secretary on motion of Calvin Sturdevant cast seventy-
one votes for Mr. John C. Haines, and he was declared duly elected
to serve as a member of the State Board of Agriculture for two
years.

On motion of Mr. Sturdevant the Secretary cast seventy-one
votes for Mason J. Niblack for member of the Boarcj for the
Second District, and Mr. liiblack was declared duly elected.

A ballot was taken for membpre for the Tliird District which
resulted as follows:

Mr. E. S. Tuell received thirty-eight votes and Mr. C. W. Bru-
beck received twenty-nine votes.

t»'

64 BOAED OF AGEICULTUKE.

Mr. Tuell having received a majority of all tlie votes cast was
declared by the President to be duly elected a member of the
Board for the Third District.

A ballot was taken for member for the Fourth District which
resulted as follows:

Mr. John Tilson, of Franklin, received forty-six votes and Mr.
E. A. Kobison, of Franklin, received twenty-one votes, and Mr.
Tilson having received a majority of all the votes cast was declared
duly elected.

On motion of Mr. Calvin Sturdevant, Mr. David Wallace, of
Indianapolis, was declared duly elected member of the Board for
the Seventh District, the Secretary having cast sixty-seven votes
for his election.

At this point Mr. Wallace made a few remarks on his election.

A ballot was taken for member of the Board for the Fourteenth
District, which resulted as follows: Mr. Joseph Cunningham, of
Peru, received fifty-two votes and Mr. Cott Barnett, of Logans-
port, received thirteen votes, and the President declared Mr. Cun-
ningham duly elected a member of the Board for the Fourteenth
District.

A ballot was taken for member of the Board for the Fifteenth
District, which resulted as follows: Mr. Aaron Jones received
sixteen votes; Mr. R. F. Small received seven votes, and Mr. 0.
B. Benjamin received forty-three votes. Thereupon the President
declared Mr. Benjamin duly elected a member of the Board for
the Fifteenth District, he having received a majority of all the
votes cast.

Mr. James E. McDonald being the only person nominated for
member of the Board for the Sixteenth District, on motion of Mr.
Calvin Sturdevant the Secretary cast sixty-seven votes for Mr.

ANNUAL MEETING. 65

McDonald, and he was declared duly elected a member of the
Board for the Sixteenth District.

On motion the Board adjourned.

JAMES E. McDonald,

President.
CHARLES DOWNING,

Secretary.

January 8, 1902.

The Indiana State Board of Agriculture met upon the call of
the President, James E. McDonald, after adjournment of the Dele-
gate Board meeting.

■ The following members were present : Messrs. Haines, Niblack,
E. A. Robison, Nowlin, Porter, E. J. Robison, Conger, Beau-
champ, Bridges, Claypool, Blackstock, ThompsoUj Bamett, Jones
and McDonald.

Absent: W. W. Stevens.

On motion, the claim of Wm. B. Burford for printing, etc., was
referred to the Secretary for adjustment.

On motion, several of the bills were allowed and orders were au-
thorized to be drawn for the same.

Remarks were madfe by several retiring members. After which,
on motion of Mr. Jones, the thanks of the Board were voted to
the President and Secretary for the manner in which the last fair
was conducted.

There being no further business the Board adjourned upon mo-
tion of Mr. Jones.

JAMES E. McDonald,

President.
CHARLES DOWNING,

Secretary.

5— Agriculture.

66 BOAKD OF AGKICULTURE.

NEW BOARD MEETING.

January 8, 1902.

Upon the call of Mr. McDonald, the outgoing President, the
new members together with the holdover members met for the
purpose of reorganizing the Board for 1902.

The following members were present:

1st District — John C. Haines Rockport.

2d District — Mason J. Niblack Vincennes.

3d District— E. S. Tuell Corydon.

4th District — .John Tilson Franklin.

5th District — H. L. Nowlin Lawrenceburg.

6th District — Knode Porter Hagerstown.

7th District — David Wallace Indianapolis.

8th District— Sid Conger Shelbj vil le.

9th District — W. T. Beauchamp Terre Haute.

10th District — John C. Bridges Bainbridge.

11th District— M. S. Claypool Muncie.

12th District — Wm. M. Blackstock Lafayette.

13th District — John L. Thompson Gas City.

14th District— Joe Cunningham Peru.

15th District — C. B. Benjamin Leroy.

16th District — Jas. E. McDonald Ligonier,

Mr. McDonald announced that the meeting was open for the
election of a President and other officers for the ensuing year.

A vote was taken for President of the Board, which resulted as
follows: Mr. Marc. S. Claypool, of Muncie, received fourteen
votes and Mr. John C. Haines, of Kockport, received six votes.
Mr. Claypool having received a majority of all the votes cast was
declared duly elected President of the Board for the ensuing year.
On motion of Mr. Haines, Mr. Claypool's election was made unan-
imous.

A vote was taken for Vice-President, which resulted as follows:
Mr. John L. Thompson received eleven votes, Mr. John C. Haines
received four votes, Mr. H. L. Nowlin received one vote, Mr.
Mason J. Niblack received one vote.

ANNUAL MEETING. 67

Mr. Thompson having received a majority of all the votes cast
for Vice-President was declared duly elected.

On motion of Mr. Niblack, seconded by Mr. Beauchamp, the
Secretary cast sixteen votes for Mr. Jasper W. Lagrange for Treas-
urer of the Board for the ensuing year, and Mr. Lagi-ange was
declared elected.

On motion of Mr. McDonald, duly seconded, the Secretary cast
sixteen votes for Mr. E, H. Peed for General Superintendent for
the ensuing year, and Mr. Peed was declared duly elected.

On motion of Mr. ISTiblack, the President was authorized to cast
sixteen votes for Charles Downing for Secretary of the Board for
the ensuing year, which was accordingly done, and Mr. Downing
was declared duly elected Secretary of said Board for the ensuing
year.

On motion of Mr. ISTiblack, the President was requested and
authorized to select an Executive Committee of his own choosing.

On motion of Mr. Beauchamp, the committee heretofore ap-
pointed to look after the purchase of 134 acres of land now under
lease by the Board, was continued.

On motion of Mr. McDonald, the President appointed Messrs.
McDonald and ]S[iblack a committee to prepare and present the
claim of the Board against the United States Government growing
out of damages committed by the United States troops while sta-
tioned at the Fair Grounds.

On motion of Mr. Thompson, the matter of constructing a boule-
vard was referred to the Executive Committee.

On motion of Mr. McDonald, the matter of improving the race
track and building a half-mile track was referred to the Executive
Committee.

On motion of Mr. McDonald, seconded by Mr. Thompson, the
week of September 15th was fixed for holding the fair in 1902.

68 BOARD OF AGEICULTUEE.

On motion of Mr. JN^iblack, duly seconded, it was ordered that
all unfinislied business be referred to the Executive Committee.

On motion, Mr. David Wallace was appointed a committee of
one to interest the citizens of the city of Indianapolis in the
Indiana State Fair for 1902.

Motion by Mr. Thompson that a Department of Music and At-
tractions be appointed.

Motion carried.

The President announced the following Executive Committee:
John L. Thompson, James E. McDonald, Mason J. ISTiblack, Sid
Conger and W. T. Beauchamp.

On motion of Mr. McDonald, the Board adjourned to meet on
the call of the President.

JAMES E: McDONALD,

President.
CHARLES DOWNING,

Secretary.

BOARD MEETING, JANUARY 31, 1902.

Pursuant to the call of the President, the Indiana State Board
of Agriculture met in its rooms on January 31, 1902.

The roll call showed the following members present: Messrs.
Haines, Niblack, Porter, Conger, Beauchamp, Bridges, Claypool,
Blackstock, Thompson and Cunningham. All the members of
said Board.

The opinion of Judge B. K. Elliott, on the question of the pur-
chase of the 134 acres of land now held by the Board under a
lease and option of purchase was read, and on motion the Com-
mittee on Land Purchase heretofore appointed was instructed to
bring an action to determine the rights of the Board under said
lease and option.

ANNUAL MEETING. 69

The President appointed Messrs. Porter, Haines and Thompson
a Committee on Fees and Salaries.

The Board then proceeded to revise the premium list for the
coming fair and having completed the same, the Secretary was
authorized to publish it as revised and corrected.

On motion the matter of remodling the Agricultural Building
was referred to the Executive Committee.

The Committee on Fees and Salaries submitted the following
report, which was concurred in on motion, viz:

REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON SALARIES.

Members, $5 per day and 5 cents per mile for each mile traveled.
Secretary, $1,800 per annum.

Treasurer, $550, he to pay ticket sellers and other help and expenses
of his office.

General Superintendent, .$5 per day and 5 cents per mile for each mile
traveled.

Judges, $5 per day and actual mileage.

We recommend that the sum of .$.300 be appropriated to cover office
expenses, including stenpgrapher and necessary clerk hire.

KNODE PORTER,
JOHN L. THOMPSON,
JOHN C. HAINES,

Committee.

On motion of Mr. Conger, the vote to appropriate the sum of
$350 for a corn exhibit was reconsidered.

Mr. Conger moved to amend the original motion so as to ap-
propriate $300 for the corn exhibit, which motion was amended
by Mr. Thompson so as to appropriate $325, which motion pre-
vailed and the original motion was amended so as to appropriate
$325 for the com exhibit.

On motion of Mr. Tilson, all unfinished business of the Board
was referred to the Executive Committee with power to act.

70 BOARD OF AGKICULTUBE.

On motion of Mr. Niblack, the Board adjonrned to meet on tlie
call of the President.

JAMES E. McDonald,

X rGSlCiGIlt

CHARLES DOWNING,

Secretary.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETING, MARCH 6, 1902.

The Executive Committee of the Indiana State Board of Agri-
cnltiire met pursuant to the call of the President, on the 6th day
of March, 1902, at the rooms of the Indiana State Board of Agri-
culture at the State House in the city of Indianapolis.

There were present upon the call of the roll : Messrs. Claypool,
McDonald, Beauchamp, Thompson and Conger.

On motion of Mr. Beauchamp, duly seconded, Mr. McDonald
was authorized to close a contract with Sousa's Band for four con-
certs, two on Wednesday, September 17, and two on Thursday,
September 18, 1902, afternoons and evenings.

On motion of Mr. McDonald, the matter of the preparation of
the manuscript for a report on the breeding and feeding of sheep
was referred to Messrs Thompson and Conger, with power to act.

On motion of Mr. McDonald, the claim of Poole Brothers for
printing, which was referred to him for adjustment, was allowed
in the sum of $500, and the Secretary was ordered to draw a war-
rant in their favor for that amount.

On motion of Mr. McDonald, duly seconded, it was ordered that
hereafter no privilege be granted or sold in the space under the
grand stand which requires the use of fire of any kind, and that
no exclusive privilege of any kind or character be let during the
State Fair.

On motion, Mr. D. E. Winchester, of Franklin, was appointed
as custodian of the Fair Grounds from April 1, 1902, to February

ANNUAL MEETING. 71

1, 1903, at the salary of $1 per day under the same terms and
conditions stipulated in the contract of Mr. W. H. Stearn, the
present custodian.

On motion of Mr. McDonald, the manner of locating and grant-
ing a privilege for an eating-house on the Fair Grounds during the
training season was referred to Mr. Claypool with power to act.

On motion of Mr. McDonald, the chicken prize list submitted
by the committee from the Indiana Poultry Association was
adopted.

On motion of Mr. McDonald, the Secretary was instructed to
receive bids for printing the premium list for 1902, and other
printing matter to be used during the season, and that said bids be
submitted to the Executive Committee of the Board.

On motion, it was ordered that the Woman's Rest Building be
enlarged, and that the same be referred to Mr. Claypool to have
plans and specifications and receive bids and contract for same.

On motion, the committee adjourned to meet upon the call of
the President.

JAMES E. McDOA^ALD.

President.
CHARLES DOW^TiiSTG,

Secretarv.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETING, APRIL 23, 1902.

The Executive Committee of the Indiana State Board of Agri-
culture met pursuant to the call of the President, on April 23,
1902, at the rooms of the Indiana State Board of Agriculture in
the city of Indianapolis.

The roll call showed all the members present, viz : Messrs. Clay-
pool, Niblack, Thompson, Beauchamp, McDonald and Conger.

72 • BOARD OF AGKICULTUKK.

On motion the rates to picnics and other meetings on the Fair
Grounds were fixed the same as last year, viz:

For grounds, race trade and grand stand, .$1<M) per day.
For grounds and grand stand, $75 per day.
For grounds without race track and grand stand, $50 per day.
The usual restrictions as to gaming and selling intoxicating liquors
were ordered inserted in all contracts.

Indianapolis Racing Association, for three days' meeting, $400.

On motion of Mr. JSTiblack, the rates for stalls for trainers were
fixed as follows:

South side stables (south of track), $2.00 per month for each stall occu-
pied by horses.

For stalls in stables north of track, $1.50 per month for each stall
occupied by horses.

On motion, the committee adjourned until tomorrow morning
for the purpose of visiting the Fair Grounds.

JAMES E. McDOT^ALD,

President.
CHARLES DOWNIN'G,

Secretary.

April 24, 1902.

The committee met pursuant to adjournment and proceeded in
a body to visit the Fair Grounds, with a view of determining the
amount and character of the improvements and repairs necessary
to be made and done before the fair.

The Board returned from the Fair Grounds and resumed busi-
ness at 2 o'clock p. m.

On motion of Mr. Niblack, seconded by Mr. Beauchamp, the
matter of advertising the fair of 1902 and contracting with press
agents was referred to the President and Secretary, with power to
act.

On motion of Mr. Niblack, seconded by Mr. Beauchamp, the
matter of building a half-mile race and training track within the

ANNUAL MEETING. 73

mile track, was on the request of General Foster, Quartermaster-
General of the State of Indiana, deferred until after the State
Militia held its encampment on the grounds.

On motion, the committee adjourned to meet on the call of the
President.

JAMES E. McDonald,

President.
CHARLES •DO^VNING,

Secretary.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETING, JUNE 2, 1902.

t

The Executive Conmiittee of the Indiana State Board of Agri-
culture met pursuant to the call of the President, at the room-^ of
the Board in the State House in the city of Indianapolis, Ind., -.n
the 2d of June, 1902.

There were present: Messrs. Claypool, McDonald, Beauchamp,
Thompson and ISTiblack.

Absent: Mr. Conger.

On motion of Mr. Thompson, seconded by Mr. Beauchamp., the
contract for the construction of a half-mile race course reported
by Mr. Claypool, President, was ratified and approved by the com-
mittee.

At this point Mr. Moore, advertising agent of the Indianapolis
Sentinel, appeared before the Board and explained a plan for ad-
vertising the fair for 1902, by issuing a special edition of the
Sentinel and hating same sent out over the State to county news-
papers as a State Fair Supplement.

Mr. Partee appeared before the Board and explained a scheme
to issue a daily program during the fair.

On motion of Mr. McDonald, the matter of Mr. Partee's adver-
tising scheme was referred to Messrs. Thompson, Xowlin and the
Secretary.

74 BOARD OF AGRICULTTJE.E.

On motion of Mr. McDonald, seconded by Mr. Thompson, the
adjustment of the windstorm insurance on the hog bams as re-
ported by Gen. B. A. Richardson, Agent, was accepted.

On motion of Mr. ISTiblack, seconded by Mr. Beauchamp, it was
ordered by the committee that the swine barns and cattle bam,
which were destroyed by the windstorm and fire, be rebuilt, and
that the extension and enlargement of the Woman's Rest Build-
ing be made according to the plans and specifications submitted
by Mr. Clarence Martindale, and that all necessary repairs be made
on the buildings before the coming fair. It was also ordered that
bids for said work be advertised for and received and that con-
tracts for the same be awarded to the lowest responsible bidder.

On motion of Mr. McDonald, seconded by Mr. ISTiblack, the
President and Secretary were authorized to contract for all print-
ing, posters, tickets, badges, ribbons and all other proper and
necessary supplies for the fair of 1902.

Messrs. Pierson and Wallace, of the Indianapolis Racing Asso-
ciation, appeared before the committee and asked the committee
to reduce the price of the rate made to said Association from $400
for the use of the track for July 2, 3 and 4, 1902.

Which matter was taken under advisement by the Board.

On motion of Mr. Niblack, seconded by Mr. Thompson^ a sum
not less than $500 was set apart and appropriated for the purpose
•of assisting in getting out a special State Fair Edition of the
Indiana State Sentinel.

On motion, the committee adjourned to meet on the call of the
President.

JAMES E. McDonald,

President,
CHARLES DOWl^ING,

Secretary.

ANNUAL MEETING. 75

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETING, JULY 10, 1902.

Tlie Executive Committee of the Indiana State Board of Ag-ri-
cultnre met on the call of the President, at the Indiana State Fair
Grounds, at 10 o'clock a. m., on July 10, 1902.

Upon the call of the roll it showed all the. members present, viz :
Messrs. .Claypool, Conger, McDonald, Niblack, Beauchamp and
Thompson.

Several matters of general importance respecting the Fair
Grounds and the coming fair were discussed bv the members of
the committee.

On motion of Mr. Beauchamp, it was agreed that the committee
visit Mr, Harry S. New during the afternoon, with a view of ar-
ranging to have President Roosevelt visit the State Fair during
his visit to the West.

On motion of Mr. Beauchamp, the President and Secretary were
authorized to contract for bill-posting on the best terms possible.

On motion of Mr. Niblack, seconded by Mr. Thompson, Mr.
James E. McDonald was awarded the contract for printing all
admission and other tickets to be used at the coming fair, except
the single admission tickets, for the sum of $215.

On motion, it was ordered that all single admission ticket? used
at the fair be in form of roll tickets.

At this point the Board took a recess until 1:30 o'clock p. m. -

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETING, JULY 10, 1902.

The Board reconvened at the rooms of the Indiana State Board
of Agriculture at 1:30 p. m., and resumed business.

On motion of Mr. Beauchamp, seconded by Mr. ISTiblaek, the
matter of building pig pens, cattle bam and enlarging the Woman's
Rest Building was referred to the President and Secretary, with
power to act and contract.

76 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

On motion of Mr. Conger, the President and Secretary were em-
powered to paint and whitewash such of the buildings on the
grounds as, in their judgment, needed same.

On motion of Mr. ISFiblack, it was ordered that the Administra-
tion Building be painted yellow. ^

On motion of Mr. ISTiblack, duly seconded, all unfinished busi-
ness was referred to the President and Secretary, with power to
act.

On motion, the committee adjourned to meet on the call of the
President.

JAMES E. McDonald,

President.
CHARLES DOWNmO,

Secretary.

BOARD MEETING, SEPTEMBER 15, 1902.

The Indiana State Board of Agriculture met at the Pair
Grounds near the city of Indianapolis, Ind., on Monday, Septem-
ber 15, 1902, for the purpose of conducting the Golden Jubilee
Fair of 1902.

The roll call showed all the members of the Board present.

There being no business of special importance, the Board ad-
journed until tomorrow morning and the members assumed charge
of their several departments.

JAMES E. McDonald,

President.
CHARLES DOWNING,

Secretary.

ANNUAL MEETING

77

FAIR GROUNDS, TUESDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 16, 1902.

The Board met pursuant to adjournment.

All the officers and members of the Board were present.

There being no business to come before the Board, the members
proceeded to carry out the published program.

JAMES E. McDonald,

President.
CHAELES DOWNK^G,

Secretary.

FAIR GROUNDS, WEDNESDAY MORNING. SEPTEMBER 17, 1902.

The Board met at the Administration Building. All members
present.

The matter of the Berkshire hog sale was brought to the atten-
tion of the Board by Mr. Joseph Cunningham, the member in
charge of the Swine Department.

After considerable discussion pro and con, Mr. John Tilson
moved that the action of the Executive Committee in permitting
the Berkshire Association to hold a hog sale during the week of
the fair on the Fair Grounds be ratified and approved.

Which motion was carried.

On motion of Mr. Wallace, a committee consisting of Messrs.
Wallace, McDonald and Tilson was appointed to meet with the
exhibitors and the representatives of the Berkshire Breeders' As-
sociation, to settle the controversy growing out of the holding of
the Berkshire hog sale.

The Board proceeded to carry ou t the day's p rog ram.

The Board then adjourned.

JAMES E. McDonald,

President.
CHAELES DOWNING,

Secretary.

T8 BOAKD OF AGKICULTURE.

FAIR GROUNDS, THURSDAY MORNING SEPTEMBER 18, 1902.

The Board met pursuant to adjournment. All members present.
The Board proceeded to carry out the program for the day.

JAMES E. McDOXALD,

President.
CHARLES DOWNING,

Secretary.

FAIR GROUNDS, FRIDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 19, 1902.

The Board met. All members were present.

On motion, the Secretary and Treasurer were ordered to pay all
premiums awarded at the fair upon statement and voucher.

The Board then proceeded to conclude the program of the Eair.

JAMES E. McDonald,

President.
CHARLES DOWNING,

V Secretary.

FAIR GROUNDS, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 20, 1902.

The Board met on the call of the President.

The call of the roll showed all members and officers present.

An appeal from the action of the Superintendent of Horticul-
ture by Mr. Weaver was presented to the Board.

The Board, after the statement of all the witnesses and persons
interested, on motion duly seconded, sustained the action of the
Superintendent.

On motion of Mr. McDonald, the matter of the grievance of
Mr. Howard C. Smock, was referred to Mr. H. L. Nowlin, Super-
intendent of Privileges.

On motion of Mr. E. S. Tuell, which was duly seconded, all
unfinished business was referred to the Executive Committee.

ANNUAL MEETING. 79

On motion of Mr. Niblack, the Board adjourned to meet on the
call of the President.

JAMES E. McDonald,

X 1*6 side? nt
CHARLES DOWNING,

Secretary.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETING, OCTOBER 14, 1903.

The Executive Committee of the Indiana State Board of Agri-
culture met pursuant to the call of the President.

Messrs. Claypool, Niblack, McDonald, Beauchamp, Thompson
and Conger were present.

The Board occupied the day in auditing and allowing claims
growing out of the fair, improvements, etc.

A complete list of which claims is in the claim docket.

The Board adjourned until tomorrow morning.

JAMES E. McDonald,

President.
CHARLES DOWNING,

Secretary.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETING, OCTOBER 15, 1902.

The Executive Committee of the Indiana State Board of Agri-
culture met pursuant to adjournment.

All the members and officers of the Board were present.

On motion of Mr. Niblack, the Secretary was reimbursed in the
sum of $18 on account of loss sustained by Mr. Wisehart, Clerk of
the Course.

On motion of Mr. McDonald, the claim of the Indianapolis
Sentinel Co. for $.500, Supplement State Fair Edition, was re-
ferred to the President, Mr, Thompson and the Secretary, for
adjustment.

so BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

On motion of Mr. Nil:)laek, the proposition of Jenkins & Davis,
to paint certain buildings on the Fair Grounds was accepted, and
the President was ordered to contract with them on the terms of
their proposition.

On motion, the chiim of Jenkins & Davis for $531 was allowed
in the sum of $510, which amount was accepted by them in full
satisfaction of said claim.

On motion of Mr. McDonald, Mrs. Laura A. Fry, Judge in the

.^•. rt Department, was allowed the sum of $7 for expenses incurred
l)v her.

On motion, the President was instructed to get estimates for
decorating the interior of the Horticulture Department by paint-
ing the same inside.

On motion, the committee adjourned to meet on the call of the
President. •

JAMES E. McDonald,

President.
CJL\RLES DOWNING,

Secretary.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETTN&, NOVEMBER 27, 1902.

The Executive Committee of the Indiana State Board of Agri-
culture met pursuant to the call of the President, in the rooms of
the Board, in the State House, in Indianapolis, Ind., on the 27th
day of November, 1902.

On roll call the following members responded to their names,
viz: Marc. S. Claypool, John L. Thompson, Sid Conger, W. T.
Beauchamp.

Mr. J. E. McDonald was absent.

On motion, the program of the annual meeting, to be held Jan-
uary 6th and 7th, was referred to the President and Secretarv.

ANNUAL MEETING. 81

On motion of Mr. Niblack, seconded by Mr. Thompson, the
following resolution was nnanimonsly adopted, to wit:

Resolved, That the President and Secretary of the Board borrow for
the use of the Board the sum of $3,500 upon the best terms possible, for
the purpose of paying claims and the current expenses of the Board. And
said President and Secretary are hereby authorized and empowered to
execute a note for said sum in the name of the Board, and attach the seal
of the Board thereto.

MASON J. NIBLACK.

On motion, the committee adjourned to meet on the call of the

President.

CHAELES DOWNING,

Secretary.

6— Agriculture.

REPORT OF PROCEEDIMGS

OF THE

Indiana State Board of Agriculture

AND THE

Congress of Indiana Industrial Associations,

JANUARY 7 AND 8, 1902.

The first session of tlie Congress was called to order at 10 o'clock
a. m., January Ttli, by President J. E. McDonald.

Mr. McDonald : It is provided by law that these meetings shall
be held annually, and you are here now to perform your duty. I
hope you will give your attention to the deliberations of these
meetings and the transactions of the important business that will
come before you.

The Secretary called the roll of members of the State Board of
Agriculture.

Mr. McDonald: Mayor Bookwalter will not be able to be presr
ent at this session, but we may have the pleasure of listening to
him later. Governor Durbin will address you, and I shall appoint
as a committee to conduct him to the room, Hon. Sid Conger, M.
A. McDonald and W. T. McMahan.

The committee escorted the Governor to the room, and Mr.
McDonald said:

(82) •

ANNUAL MEETING. * 83

It is with much pleasure and pride that 1 introduce to you the
distin^ished Governor of the great State of Indiana, W. T.
Durbin.

Governor Durbin addressed the meeting.

The following address was made by the President, J. E. Mc-
Donald :

Gentlemen— In accordance with custom well established and almost
unbroken, I take this opportunity to address you upon matters of mutual
interest, and to g:\ve you an account of my stewardship. I entered upon
the discharge of my duties as chief executive of the Indiana State Board
of Agriculture with much misgiving, and I now draw near to the end of
my labor in this position witli a sense that if I have not had a full measure
of success. I have done what at all times seemed to be my duty.

The opening year of the twentieth century has come. It has closed Its
cycle, and we can now contemplate its history. A year of unexampled
progress and prosperity, the tide of production having risen beyond all
previous marks to meet the ever increasing and growing demands of the
consumer. The farmer, with his bountiful crops and productive pastures,
added millions to the growing wealth of the Avorld, and the mines gave up
their treasures in profusion almost without stint. Every branch of Amer-
ican industry has been stimulated by the uniiaralleled activity, labor has
been in great demand at a gratifying increase in wages, money has come
from its hiding place and has been in competition with invested capital,
interest has fallen from competition of the money lender, and real estate
of all kinds has advanced in worth, as measured by other conditions. On
every hand, we note the evidence of good times and a disposition to make
the most of the opportunity.

While these gratifying conditions have been general, and far reaching,
no American community has been more kindly treated by Dame Fortune
than has our own great State of Indiana. The horn of plenty has been
emptied into hei- lap, as it were, and upon every hand we catch the glad
note of thanksgiving for manifold blessings that have come to the mer-
chant, the artisan, the professional man, the laborer, the stockman, and
the farmer. Bountiful crops and a growing demand for all of the products
of the soil have given confidence and riches to the farmer. A demand
that comes from his prosperity has poured riches Into the coffers of the
manufacturer. It has been a gratifying year for the stock industry, mark-
ing a new era in the interest of live stock improvements and reproduction,
and shows a full measure of prosperity for this great and growing source
of state and personal wealth. The causes that have brought about these
gratifying, and I hope to be long continued conditions, are manifold, but I
leave this part of the discussion to those who have more time and a

84 BOARD OF AGRICULTUKE.

stronger iucliuation for such argument. In contemplation of the many-
advantages offered by our great and resourceful State, I realize that there
are still greater possibilities for the future. Let not the measure of our
success in 1901 be the end of our stride toward the goal that can, and will
bring us ultimate and gi-eater success. Our broad and fertile fields, our
almost boundless pastures, and the marked improvement in methods have
made Indiana famous as an agricultural community. Our other indus-
ti-ies and interests, vast in their aggregation, have always been and always
will be overshadowed by the product of the brain and brawn of the hus-
bandmen.

This Board is just closing the first fifty years of its existence; the half
century has meant much to Indiana and Indiana institutions. It tells an
interesting story of remarkable advancement. In 1850, the number of
farms under cultivation in the State was 93,876, with an average acreage
of 130 acres; or in all, 5,046,543 acres of improved land, with 7,746,870
acres of unimproved. Today the acreage of improved land, used in farm-
ing, is 16,311,226, while the unimproved is but 5,485,034, and the farms
number 202,801. Measured in the commercial measure of dollars and
cents, the value of lands, fences and buildings fifty years ago was $136,-
385,173; implements and farming machinery, $6,704,444; and of live stock,
$22,478,555; or in round numbers, a grand total of $165,570,000. Fifty years
later statistics have changed,, showing that the farm values are repre-
sented by the following surprising figures: For land and improvements,
$874,324,110; improvements and machinery. $21,867,528; live stock, $115.-
,654,086, or a total of $1,031,845,624. This is not a fair estimate of values
today, for since these figures were gathered, all property of this character
has rapidly and substantially increased in value.

In 1850 there were 315,000 horses in the State. In 1900, 859.000. In
1850, 6,600 mules were listed, while the returns of the last enumeration
shows 67,500 of these sturdy and now valuable animals. Milch cows in
1850 numbered 284,544, and in 1900, 664,000, while cattle of other classes
were given as 689,891 in 1850, and 987,270 in 1900. Swine reported in 1850
were 2,263,176, and in 1900, 3,320.000. In 185<J there were 1,112,500 sheep
in Indiana; fifty years later we find but 1,081,133. These figures are inter-
esting at this time, when we are celebrating the semicentennial of the or-
ganization of this body, full of significance of the changes that have come
to the great interests that go to make up the wealth and stability of our
great commonwealth.

The product of the soil has added almost untold wealth to our State
in the fifty years that have marked the great progress of the community.
During that time, we have seen wonderful improvements in methods and
a marked increase in acreage. Crops are now almost a certainty, and pro-
duction only measured by nature's laws. Since 1850 the increase in the
production of wheat as compared with 1899 was 25,142,641 bushels; of
corn, 98,282,441 bushels; oats, 26,146,172 bushels; barley shows an increase

ANNUAL MEETING, 85

over 1850 of 222,442 bushels, while buckwheat shows a decrease of 101,698
bushels. For a more comprehensive comparison, there was raised in our
State in 1890 six times the barley, three times the corn, six times the oats,
six times the rye and nearly five times the wheat that was husbanded in
1850.

There are other interesting and instructing statistics relating to Indi-
ana's farm products. In 1899 the production of clover and timothy hay
amounted to 3,215,420 tons; the potato crop of the same year was 5,441.672
bushels, while of sweet potatoes 1.35,560 bushels were produced; 1,000 tons
of broom corn, 790,000 gallons of sorghum molasses, 11,891,464 pounds of
tobacco, 144.500,000 gallons of milli, 31,509,140 pounds of butter, 1,083,403
pounds of cheese, 1,212.000 dozen of poultry, 39,069,000 dozen of eggs, and
4,631,477 pounds of wool were among the products of the farm, while re-
turns show great values from the garden and truck farms in the various
parts of the State not here enumerated.

To the student, to the individual who makes comparisons and deduc-
tions therefrom, this will inspire the gratifying conclusion that with im-
proved methods and the application of modern ideas in farming, as well
as in other business pursuits, we have been able to expand in a way that
has given us prosperity, wealth, standing and happiness. The farmers of
this opening era of the twentieth century must keep on advancing. He
must keep in the march of progress, stepping to the tune of advancement
and improvement, ever ready to quicken his pace when the columns ahead
shall have moved a step in advance. There are many other interests in
our great State, in which we all m.ust and will show an interest. We are
a resourceful people with splendid traditions as record makers and record
breakers, proud that we may )ie of the great class that are the bone and
sinew of the body politic, wo must accord to the manufacturer, the artisan,
the miner and the builder the honor that is his due. Millions upon millions
of capital are invested in manufacturing plants, giving thousands an op-
portunity to earn an honest living and gain competence. Since 1850 con-
ditions have shown a wonderful and far-reaching change here as well as
in the production from the farm. There was then but 13,748 men employed
in the various factories of the State, that were operated upon a capital of
less than eight million dollars: the value of the products being but $13,-
726,000. The report of 1890 shows that in Indiana in that year, there was
employed 179,590 men at a wage of $81,540,000, and that the product has
reached the value of $304,035,000. The story told in the figures presented
is one that must awaken a sense of pride in the heart of every true friend
of our great State, and I hope that the splendid showing is but the intro-
duction of a better and broader prosperity.

The State Fair of 1901 will go down in histoiT as a record breaker in
more ways than one. The show in all of the departments was most grati-
fying and complimentary to the managers. The short crops in several of
the standard cereals and vegetables cut down the display somewhat, but

86 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

it Avas made up in other brandies of tlie department. This was the story
told by all of the superintendents. The attendance was phenomenal, taking
4nto consideration several discouraging conditions that were unavoidable.
The weather of Tuesday and Wednesday was very unpropitious, being
cold, raw and unpleasant. These same conditions had much to do with the
failure of the night attraction in a financial sense. The death of our be-
loved Chief Executive of the Nation, AVilliam McKinley, coming so sud-
denly and so unexpectedly, cast a pall of gloom and sorrow over the whole
country. This, as a matter of course, kept thousands away from the city
and the fair, for in every city, town or liamlet. memorial exercises were
held on Thursday, making it imperative that the citizen be at his home to
pay his last tribute to the noble dead. The success of the fair from a finan-
cial standpoint will be best seen and understood by a careful examination
of the reports of the Secretary and Treasurer. I am glad, indeed, to an-
ticipate their information therein contained by the statement that the fig-
ures show that it was the most successful fair from a financial standpoint
in the history of the Board. Early in the year, when the announcement
was made that the Supreme Lodge of Odd Fellows would meet at Indian-
apolis in Septeml)er. arrangements were at once made for holding the
State Fair the same week. While there was a well expressed sentiment
among several members of the Board that this mjght be a mistake, the idea
predominated, and a conference was at once arranged with the representa-
tive of the Odd Fellows, when an understanding was arrived at, mutual
concessions made and an active interest awakened. For that part of the
display made at the Fair Grounds during the week by the uniform body
of the Knights Militant, the sum of one thousand dollars was paid in pre-
miums. The State Fair also provided tents for the accommodation of the
visitors at an expense of about $150. For the use of the tents, we are
under obligations to Governor Durbin, General Foster and General Ward,
as well as for other favors and courtesies extended during the week. In
making up the program for the State Fair, it was agreed that we should
offer some new and popular attraction. With this end in view. I opened
negotiations at once with the managers of Sousa's famous band, which we
were able to secure after concessions on both sides, at a cost of $.3,500 for
the four concerts. This, with the Odd Fellows' Encampment, made th^
extra attractions cost the State Fair about $5,000, and I believe that these
attractions not only interested the thousands of visitors on the gi'ounds,
but added gi-eatly to the net profit of the year.

I believe the time for a purely agricultural State Fair has long been
past. The people must and will be interested along new lines. We can
not hope to keep pace with the times, if we insist upon its being and con-
tinuing a farmers' show and a fair only for Indiana. It should be, and I
hope to see it. a great annual display of the many and varied phases of
the activity, thrift and enterprise of modern life. The State Fair is suc-
cessful fir.st, in its power to attract the people and have them pass through

ANNUAL MEETING. 87

our gates, and then in the display of interesting and Instructing features
of modern progress. The product of the farm, the garden and the orchard;
the handiwork of the artisan, the housewife, and the needle- woman; the
herds of cattle, the sheep and the hogs, the horses, and the tests of en-
durance and speed, all combine to make an interesting study; but "we are
now where we must go beyond these to successfully conduct a great insti-
tution like the State Fair. We must not neglect these important and
dominant features, but add other !ind interesting attractions. Renewed
interest in our annual meetings and continued prosperity depends upon
continued interest upon the part of the managers of the fair and continued
advancement. Nothing in these busy, hustling days has been so well
demonstrated as that enterprise meets reward. At no time were our peo-
ple less bound by I'ules and precedent, more willing and more able to listen
to new claims, to offer a fair field to the efforts that extend the boundaries
of knowledge and satisfies the new and the novel. If the Indiana State
Fair is to keep its place as a great educator and exposition, we must be
quick to adopt new methods. The success of the fair of 1901 ought to be
an object-lesson and a starting point for a still greater fair in 1902. The
people will support a broad and liberal management, and I believe that
the present policy of tlie Board, if maintained, will not only meet their
indorsement, but their hearty approval. I do not believe that the farming-
interests as well as the stock interest should be at all neglected, or that
there should be anything detracted from that part of the display that will
interest the stockmen. But I believe that these should be made the pre-
dominant features of the Exposition and that the present liberal and varied
premiums should be maintained; but I do believe that all efforts should
be made in the direction of solving the problem of how to increase the
drawing powers of the State Fair, which is another way of saying how
best to provide a full and attractive reflection of modern progress.

Under the statutes, as they now stand, the Indiana State Board of
Agriculture has but few duties, if any, beyond the management of the
annual State Fair, and the compilation, publication and distribution of the
annual report. The wisdom of the acts of the sevei'al Legislatures that
have curtailed our powers and duties, and have removed us from the
seeming original intention of the framers of the act that originated the
Board has been given attention before, and conditions at this time will
not allow its discussion. It is a condition, not a theoi-y, that confronts the
Board. The statutes provide for an experimental station at Purdue, and
that regular bulletins be issued, that the farmers' institutes be managed
through and by this same agency; in fact, to this splendidly managed edu-
cational and experimental institution, is given powers and functions that
were once enjoyed and performed not nearly so well by the Indiana State
Board of Agriculture. Statistics of the agricultural resources of the State
are now gathered and compiled by the State Statistician. The horticul-
tural interests are watched by the State Horticultural Society, and the

88 BOARD OF AGRICULTUEE.

Forestry Department is given to a special board. The live stock sanitary
system is removed from our domination, and otlier functions of the Board
have been taken away by the laws that have from year to year been added
to the statutes of the State. I do not believe that there is any reason or
a demand for a change in condition that will take away from the State
institutions as now constituted, any of their present rights or power. Few
States can boast of a better institution of its kind than Purdue, and I
take pleasure irr especially commending the agricultural section of the
school. I do not think that the management of the farmers' institutes
could be more successful than now, and I am of the opinion that the pres-
ent condition should remain imdisturbed. That these meetings, as now
conducted and stimulated by the liberal appropriation made by the last
Legislature, are working to an excellent end, all will admit. I hope to see
the present conditions continue, and that Prof. W. C. Latta, who has so
ably managed the meetings, and his able corps of assistants, will have the
hearty co-operation of this Board and all friends of agricultural advance-
ment everywhere.

In harmony with the sentiment expressed at the meeting of the Dele-
gate Board in 1901, the State Board of Agriculture presented a memorial
to the General Assembly of 1901, asking that the sum of $41,000 be appro-
priated for the purpose of purchasing the 134 acres, that part of the State
Fair Grounds held by lease and under an option to purchase at the rate of
$300 an acre. The committee, made up of members of the State Board of
Agriculture, did their whole duty in the premises. The legislative com-
mittees, to whom the bills providing for the appropriation had been re-
ferred, both in the Senate and in the lower house, were almost unanimously
in favor of the measure, and favorable I'eports were made to their re-
spective houses by these committees. The sentiment expressed by the in-
dividual members of the Legislature, especially those who were interested
in agriculture, were so favorable that but little concern was felt, and it
was almost taken for granted that the appropriation would be made
without hesitation. But we had not taken into consideration an Important
and dominant feature in legislation, the political exigency. Our proposi-
tion was satisfactory, the State had the money to spare, but we were de-
feated because the game of politics demanded a different move. I think
that the State owes a more liberal support to the Board than it has re-
ceived in the past. Our sister States, for the asking, give liberal appropria-
tions for the purpose of making needed improvements upon their grounds
and for the maintenance of their boards. In Illinois and Ohio, with which
fairs we come in direct competition and are subject to comparison, liberal
appropriations amounting to nearly $900,000 have been made during the
last few years. This has made their State fair grounds what they should
be— permanent and commodious, attractive and comprehensive.

At the meeting of the Board in September, after the close of the Fail',
I was instructed by a resolution unanimously adopted, to close a deal by

ANNUAL MEETING. 89

which we were to acquire full title to the 134 acres of land held by lease
and under option of purchase. I at once, in accord with the provisions of
the resolution, appointed Hon. Mason J. Niblack and Hon. M. S. Claypool
as the other two memiiers of the committee, to arrange for a loan of
$40,000 and to malve the purchase. Tlie money was secured and all details
settled, but up to this time we have been unable to meet the wishes of the
Board on account of the refusal of the owners of the land to carry out
their part of the contract. Nine years ago, when the option was talien,
land in the neighborhood of the Fair Grounds was valued at $300 per acre,
and upon this basis this option was talien. Today this land, less valuable
than that used by the State Fair and less advantageously situated, is sell-
ing for $750 to $1,000 per acre. At the time of the execution of the lease
and option, it was provided that one-third of the purchase money should
be cash, one-third in one year and one-third in two years, and the owners,
after refusing to accept the whole amount in cash, which was tendered,
were offered and tendered the sum of $13,400 in accordance with the pro-
visions of the contract. Again we were refused the execution of the deed
on account of our refusal to pay rents that were not a lien against the
land, a doubtful claim upon the Board. I am much disappointed that
this deal could not have been closed under my administration, for we had
arranged to borrow $8,000 at 5 per cent, interest, and with $5,400 from the
profits of the late fair, could have met the first payment on the land. I
hope to see immediate action talven toward instituting the necessary pro-
ceedings in the courts, to compel Mrs. Smith to carry out her part of the
contract, as we have been diligent and have exhausted all means and
methods to bring about this much desired result.

In July last, at the request of Governor W. T. Durbin, General Foster
and Adjutant-General Ward, I turned the State Fair Grounds and build-
ings over to the State for the use of the Indiana National Guard. The
annual encampment of the several regiments was held thereon in the latter
part of the month, and all pronounced it an ideal camping and reviewing
ground. For this we received the thanlis of the Governor and the officers
of the several regiments of our State Militia. I believe that this action
should be talien annually, and that such changes as will best subserve
the interests of the State should be allowed and provided.

At an early meeting of the Board in 1901. it was ordered that the race
tracli at the Fair Grounds be put in first-class condition, and that an
effort be made to interest the trotting horse interests in its use as a train-
ing center. I at once appointed Mr. M. S. Claypool as a special committee
of one, with instructions to use due diligence in fitting the track for train-
ing. Mr. Claypool recommended a change from the system followed by
the Board for years, asking that he be empowered to purchase a team of
good mules and another horse to work with the one already owned by the
Board. This power was granted, and at an expense of $678, he provided
two good teams, an up-to-date track harrow, and the necessary wagons.

90 BOAKD OF AGRICULTURE.

harness, etc., for the care of the track and the grounds. I consider this
one of the best investments ever made by the Board. It gives us abso-
lute control of our worli, and allows it to be done in a way entirely satis-
factory to the Superintendent. This could not be done under the old
method of hiring teams and laborers as needed. The race track has grovrn
in popularity, a large number of good horses were trained there during
the season of 1901, and the prospects are that a still larger number will
occupy the stables in 1902.

I have but few recommendations to make to the incoming Board. I
believe that at the earliest possible moment a half-mile race course, or
training track, should be constructed inside of the present njile track. It
should be so constructed that it will be completely drained and made of
such material that it will soon dry and be in condition for use after a rain.
I think that the grounds on the interior of this half-mile track and directly
in front of the grand stand should be put in first-class condition for a drill
ground and athletic park. During the last fair we felt the need of a level
and commodious drill ground, and if the suggestion that the State Militia
holds its regular annual reviews at the Fair Grounds is adopted, such an
improvement will be in the nature of a necessity. With the outlay of a
small amount of money this work could be done, as the two teams owned
by the Board could be used to excellent advantage in its construction. I
would also suggest that a broad and substantially built drivewvay be con-
structed around the outside of the race track, so that the visitors can have
an attractive drive and easy access to all parts of the ground. I believe
that a new department should be created and a superintendent appointed,
who would have charge of the musical and other special attractions given
from time to time upon the grounds during the fair. Under the present
arrangement this duty seems to devolve upon the President, and is often-
times neglected.

Well directed efforts should be used to interest the people of Indian-
apolis in the State Fair. No one thing brings more people and money to
Indianapolis than the annual meetings of the State Fair, and the meagre
support given the institution by the merchants and citizens is a reflection
upon the enterprise and push of the capital city. A careful and conscien-
tions scrutiny of the figures furnished by the railroads and the transfers
handled by the street railway, shows that a very small per cent, of the
crowds that went to the Fair Grounds in 1901 were citizens of Indianapolis.
The people of Indianapolis owe a more liberal support to the State Fair.
The importance of their patronage should be impressed upon them and
every effort possible made to attract and merit their good will and support.

I want to congratulate the managers of the State Fair upon the ex-
cellent services rendered in 1901 by the Indianapolis Street Railway. The
service was all that could have been asked, the immense crowds being han-
dled with regularity and despatch. Complaints of former years were not
repeated, and the service met all of our requirements.

ANNUAL MEETING. 91

1 would not perform my duty were I to close this address without
expressing mj' liigh appreciation for tlie uniform courtesy and liind treat-
ment that was accorded me by tlie officers and members of the Board while
occupying this honorable and responsible position. I am especially grate-
ful to the members of the Executive Committee for their active partici-
pation in the worli of organizing the fair, and their willing and hearty
co-operation. To Mr. Charles Downing, the efficient and popular Secre-
tary, much of the credit for the success of the fair of 1901 is due. He is a
careful, painstaking and ever watchful official, thoroughly conversant with
the duties of his position, and ever ready to perform them. His uniform
courtesy in the discharge of his official duties and his conscientious and
well directed efforts in behalf of the State Board of Agriculture are well
deserving of commendation. He should be re-elected to his present posi- '
tion without opposition. Mr. Lagrange, the Treasurer, and Mr. Peed,
the General Superintendent, are also entitled to the thanks of this Board,
and especially from myself, for their efficient services during the year.

In conclusion, I will say that when I surrender this emblem of au-
thority at the close of this session, I will do so with feelings of pride at
the record made in 1901. I will end my labors as President, feeling that
we are entitled to all that comes from a successful management of an insti-
tution like the State Fair of 1901. I hope that my successor, whoever he
may be, will give to this office the personal attention that its duties de-
serve. No man can successfully manage an institution of this character
without giving it much of his personal attention, and no member of this
Board should be elected to this place unless he can give it his best efforts
and considerable of his time.

I will end my labors as President, expressing the hope that my suc-
cessor in office may take up the work where I leave off, conscious of the
hearty good will and united support, not only of the Board, but of the peo-
ple of the State.

The following committees were appointed by the President:

Auditing Committee. — Hon. J. C Haines, Chairman, Hon.
Knode Porter and Hon. J. C. Bridges.

Committee on Credentials. — M. A. McDonald, Chairman, Pred
E. Wheeler and M. S. Claypool.

On motion, the President's address was referred to a committee
of three for consideration.

Committee on President's Address.— William M. Blackstock.
Chairman, Robert Mitchell and H. P. McMahan.

92 BOABD OF AGRICULTURE,

Secretary Downing: There are several reports of Department
Superintendents that have been filed. It has been the custom to
have them filed without reading, as they are of interest only to
the incoming Board.

By consent the reports were referred to the Secretary.

The Secretary's report was read, and on motion it was referred
to the Auditing Committee.

The report of the Treasurer was read, and on motion referred to
the Auditing Committee.

ANNUAL MEETING. 93

SECOND SESSION.

The second session of the Indiana State Association of Fair
Managers was called to order at 2 o'clock p. m. Hon. H. L.
Nowlin, President, in the chair.

The following paper was presented by Mr. ISTowlin:

Gentlemen of the Indiana Association of Fair Managers: I wish to
congratulate the managers of the fairs of 1901 on the great success attain-
ed. Very few were failures either in exhibits or from a financial stand-
point. It Is true that in some sections of our great State the severe drought
cut the products of the farm to such an extent that exhibits were short
and many farmers felt themselves unable to attend. We are glad to
note, however, that these cases were the few exceptions.

The program for this meeting states that circuits will be given an
opportunity for organization, etc., but I think there are a number of other
things that might be profitably discussed by the entire session. I do not
believe the officers of fairs always appreciate the advantages that would
be derived from a more uniform classification. Of course hardly any two
fairs can give the same amount of money, but any circuit can so arrange
their lists that exhibitors can follow the entire circuit. I have exhibited
swine for a number of years and have some ideas from the exhibitor's
standpoint. It may be argued that exhibitors have no organization, and
there is none in name, but they usually understand each other fully, and
are going after the most money, and the circuit that is the best oi'ganized
and gives the most uniform classifications will get the best exhibits. To
illustrate: One year I exhibited in my home circuit four weeks and would
gladly have continued there, but I could not show my stock to advantage,
and the next week found me at Terre Haute, the following week in
Illinois, week following this in eastern Indiana, then over in Ohio, and
finally back on the original circuit. The result was that some of the fairs
were without a SAvine exhibit. What is true in one department is true in
all, and I wish to ask each circuit in Indiana this year to give this subject
more attention, and I believe it will be to our mutual benefit.

Good circuits advertise each other's fairs at a less cost and much more
successfully than it can be done in any other way.

Another subject that always troubles all fairs and is of vital impor-
tance, is the concessions allowed on the grounds. Even if there are no ob-
jectionable features admitted; the arrangement of the outfits can greatly
mar the beauty and convenience of the grounds.

No fair association, to my knowledge, has ever yet been able to stem
the tide that sets in against it if it makes the mistake of admitting ob-

94 BOARD OF AGRICULTUKE.

jectionable shows. Few people go to a fair to see the shows, and the few
paltry dollars received for the concessions are as nothing compared with
the patronage these sliows destroy.

Gambling of every description should he prohibited. Some of the little
ten-dollar innocent looking games that we so often find on the fair grounds
take hundreds of dollars from their patrons. If gambling must go, get a
straight-out hieronymus and lot it go as such; but I can see no justifica-
tion in allowing anything of the kind on the grounds. My views on this
subject are so strict that I have not allowed a cane rack, baby rack, or
shooting gallery on the Indiana State Fair Grounds the past three years,
and even go so far as to not allow the sale of a glass of lemonade to be
made with the privilege of drawing for a prize. I believe this policy
should be followed out at all of pur fairs.

Many privileges are sold too cheap, and it should be made the Privi-
lege Superintendent's duty to ascertain what a concession is worth in-
stead of letting all the ground out at so much per front foot. Usually
privilege people have the money in their pockets to pay their privilege in
advance, and if fail's will unite and adopt a rule requiring cash in advance
and then enforce it, it will not only gain better returns, but will get a
better class of concessions and take an immense load off the Superin-
tendent of that department.

I have found that the only way to succeed in getting along with these
people is to make all your rulings after giving them careful consideration
and then enforce them to the letter.

On the Privilege Department, more than any other one thing, in our
local fairs, depends their success or failure.

I end my third term as Chairman of this Association with the close
of this session, and I wish to thank you all for the honor bestowed upon
me and for your uniform courtesy and assistance, and bespeak for my
successor that kindly feeling and co-operation you have so generously be-
stowed upon me.

Mr. Nowlin: I think there are a nitmhcr of other things that
it might be profitable to discuss in the session. I have exhibited
swine for a number of years, and have some ideas from the ex-
hibitor's standpoint, as well as from the standpoint of the secretary
of a fair. It may be argued that exhibitors have no organization,
and there is none in name, but they usually imderstand each other
fully, and are going after the money and the circuit that is the
best organized will get the best exhibitors. To illustrate: I ex-
hibit in my home circuit for a time, and would liave been glad to
continue there, but I could not show my stock to advantage. The

ANNUAL MEETING. 95

next week found me in Terre Haute, the week following in Illi-
nois, the next week in Eastern Illinois, and the following week in
Ohio. That caused me a great deal of inconvenience, and the
result was that some of the fairs in our own neighborhood were
without swine exhibits at all.

Another subject that always troubles all fair managers is the
concessions allowed on the ground. Even if there are no objection-
able or fake shows, the arrangement of the outfits often mars the
beauty of the surroundings. I have had more experience in this
line than in any other single line of work on the fair ground. I
believe there is itiore in it than is usually thought of in connection
with the fair. I think a rule should be made to never admit ob-
jectionable shows. Few people go to see the shows, and the few
paltry dollars received for the concessions are as nothing com-
pared with the patronage the shows destroy. Gambling of any
description should be prohibited. Some of the little innocent
looking, ten-cent shows we find on the grounds take hundreds of
dollars from their patrons. If gambling must be on the grounds,
get a straight-out hieronymus and let it go as such. But I can
see no justification for allowing anything of the kind en the
grounds. I have not allowed the cane rack, shooting gallery or
things of that kind on the State Fair Grounds, and have even gone
so far as to not allow them to sell a glass of lemonade and draw a
prize package for the money. I believe this policy should be fol-
lowed out at all of our fairs. Then there are many concessions
that are sold much too cheaply. There are privileges at the State
Fair Ground that I have sold for almost ten times as much the last
year as I did the first year. Some of these people invest less than
a hundred dollars and clear from two to four himdred at each fair.
Usually privilege people have the money in their pockets to pay
for their privileges in advance, and if fairs will unite and adopt
a rule requiring cash in advance, and then enforce it, it will not
only give better returns, but will get a better class of concessions.
I have found that the only way to get along with these people is
to make all your rulings and then enforce them to the letter. On

96 BOAKD OF AGRICULTURE.

the privilege department more than any other one thing depends
the success or failure of the fair.

Secretary Blackstock: The second annual meeting of tile In-
diana State Association of Fair Managers was held in these rooms
on January 9, 1901, and a stenographic report of the proceedings
published with the report of the annual meeting of the State Board .
of Agriculture. You will find the report on pages 66 to 68, in-
clusive.

SECRETARY'S REPORT.

To the Members of Indiana Fair Managers' Association:

On January 9, 1901. tlie second annual meeting of this Association was
held in the rooms of the State Board of Agriculture. A stenographic re-
port of the proceedings of said meeting is published in the State Board's
Annual Report for 1900 on pages GO to 68, inclusive, hence as the business
of that meeting is already made public it is only necessary for your Sec-
retary to refer to these minutes by way of suggestions that may chance to
interest the Pair workers present at this, our third annual session.

The special rule that was recommended one year ago compelling speed
horsemen to come up to the Secretary's office and pay their 5 per cent,
entrance on or before 12 o'clock, instead of in the judge's stand, in the old
way, after the race is called, was heartily approved by nearly all our
Associations, and this item was inserted in their published conditions.
The five-heat race system, which means that no race shall have more
than five heats, was adopted witli satisfactory results last year by severa'
of the best meetings in Indiana. This is the rule of the Illinois and In-
diana State Fairs, and should be imiformly observed upon all race tracks.
It is the humane idea of testing speed within the reasonable limit of best
3 in 5, but no more than 5 heats, instead of the old horse-killing idea of a
fight to the finish in possibly 6, 7 or 8 heats. In speed classes it is usual
to allow a horse to enter in more than one race with the privilege of
paying entrance only in the race in which he starts. This privilege is
now often abused. Green horses are often entered in each and every class
at the same meeting from the "slow" class to the "free for aU" for the
pm-pose of fraudulently filling the fast classes and to prevent the Secre-
tary from reopening and getting his races properly filled except as the
horsemen themselves may dictate, therefore every Secretary should pro-
tect his Association by reserving the right to declare which races are
filled and which are not filled. This resolution should be in the published
conditions of every racing circuit.

ANNUAL MEETING. 97

At our last meeting numerous suggestions were offered in regard to
metliods of advertising, but uo definite action thereon was taken. It will
always be conceded that the worst managed fairs are those in which the
managers are furthest away from the hearts and confidence of the masses
of the people, and many fine exhibitions are failures because the people
in those localities are not educated up to the point where they can rightly
appreciate the object lessons that are taught at our best fairs.

For 1,000 years fairs have been popular events in the development of
the material natural resources of the various countries in which they
were held, but they have only been successful when the infiuential people
of the respective communities were in close partnership with the fair
managers. This nearness of copartnership can at the present time in this
country be best secured through co-operation of the newspapers. Every
one reads the papers, and from this source of knowledge the residents of
the city as well as the country generally form their opinions upon almost
every public question, and since the establishment of the rural route sys-
tem fair managers will lose their finest opportunity for success if they fail
to use this means of reaching the intelligent masses of the rural districts.
The old flaming posters of "'Best Pair on Earth" and other meaningless
catchwords will not catch attention any more. This form of advertising
is out of date. You must give the patrons of fairs sensible reading mat-
ter about which they can think and talk, if you desire their friendly co-
operation.

It was suggested at our last meeting that a literary bureau of infor-
mation and education along the lines of the popular industries of Indiana
might be taken up by the State Board with profit to the State Fair and
local fairs as well. Thus in a condensed form printed slips could be pre-
pared at small expense touching various topics containing valuable facts
of special interest as above indicated. Those slips could be forwarded to
County Secretaries for insertion in the local newspapers of their counties,
and thus not only the. State B'air might be gi-eatly popularized but local
organizations would be equally benefited.

The above items are merely suggestive and are intended only for
consideration or discussion as may appear fitting by the members now
present.

Numerous other questions might be noted and doubtless will be by
others who are more capable of discussing the important business at
hand.

We are here for mutual conference concerning the great interests
which this delegate body represents. Each one present should freely tell
of his observations of better methods in all departments of fair man-
agement. Respectfully submitted,

W. M. BLACKSTOCK,

Secretary.

7— Agriculture.

98 BOARD OF AGEICULTUKE.

•

The five-heat race system was adopted with satisfactory results
last year by members of the best meetiugs in Indiana. This is the
rule at the Illinois and Indiana State Fairs, and should be univer-
sally observed upon all race tracks. It is a humane idea of testiug
speed within reasonable limit. In speed classes now it is the usual
thing to allow a horse to enter in more than one race, with the
privilege of paying entrance only in the race in which it is started.

I wish to speak now about advertising the fairs. Now every-
body reads the newspapers, and from this source of knowledge the
residents of the city as well as the country generally form their
opinions upon every public question, and since the establishment
of the rural routes, fair managers will lose their fairest prospect
of success if they do not make use of this medium of advertising
the fairs. The old flaming poster, "The Best Fair on Earth," and
other meaningless catchwords will not attract attention any more.
This form of advertising is out of date. You must give the patrons
of fairs sensible reading matter about which they can think and
talk. A bureau to distribute this sort of information might be
taken up by the State Board with profit to the State Fair as well
as to the local fairs. Thus, in a condensed form, printed slips
could be forwarded to the County Secretaries for insertion in
the local newspapers of their counties ; and thus not only the
State Fair might be greatly popularized, but local organizations
would be equally benefited. These are merely suggestions, and
are presented only for consideration and discussion. Numerous
other questions should be discussed, and doubtless will be, that
are very important to fair managers. Each one present should
freely tell of his experiences and observations, should tell of better
methods in all departments of our work.

Mr. Mitchell, Princeton: It seems to me there ought to be a
program arranged and the subjects assigned, so as to bring the
matter up in good form. In your address and in the Secretary's
report a number of good suggestions are made. We are running

ANNUAL MEETING. 99

the forty-seventh year of our fair. We were incorporated with a
fifty-year limit, and soon will have to reorganize.

The suggestion the President made in regard to gambling is a
good one. At our fair the peoj>le send their families without
any fear of their being contaminated. We allow nothing of that
kind. We will not even allow the little prize packages with a
ring in each to be sold. These small things are the first step along
the road to gambling.

The circuit forming is a very essential thing. We have a cir-
cuit in southern Indiana. We have it arranged so that the fairs
do not conflict with one another. Carmi, 111., is asking to come
into that circuit ; some Kentucky fairs are already in it.

It is a question how we are going to divide the State up suffi-
ciently well to make good fair circuits all over the State. It seems
to me it is a difficult matter to gauge the charges for exhibits. We
charge by the foot, and if they, do not run their affairs according
to the rules of our fair they are stopped. The exhibitors who
start in this circuit find the rules prevailiuj^ and the treatment
they receive at different fairs is confusing and troublesome to
them. Gate receipts differ in different fairs. I think this should
be remedied, and have all the fairs charge the same. I think we
ought to try to get a uniform series of rules and treatment of
exhibitors. We haven't had any special attractions for some years
at our fairs. We do not pay much attention to them, but try to
do good permanent work and give exhibits that are interesting
to the people who come. The manufacturing industries at these
fairs are getting better and better every year.

Mr. Dungan : You don't allow any whisky sold on the ground,
do you ?

Mr. Mitchell : 'No, sir, we do not.

Mr. Dungan: How can you prevent them from bringing it in
in bottles?

100 BOARD OF AGKICULTURE.

Mr. Mitchell : That has been tried. We have been able to stop
most of them and have taken the bottles away from them. We
usually know them. They can not bring much of it in and drink
it on the grounds. It is easy to detect a man selling whisky. We
have men to watch for them, and these men usually get the
offenders.

We have a great deal of satisfaction out of our dinner tables.
The tables are conducted by the church people. We do not charge
them much for the privilege, but we require them to furnish good
meals. We give them all the help they want, but we require them
to furnish such meals that when our people go there and pay for
it they get a good, wholesome dinner.

Mr. Blackstock : Do you require privilege people to pay in
advance at the Harrisburg Fair, as you do at the State Fair ?

Mr. ISTowlin : ISTo, we do not.

Mr. Blackstock : Do you think that rule could be observed by
the county fairs ? If it could be observed it would simplify the
work of the fair very much. If that rule was to be adopted all
the fairs of a circuit or of a vicinity ought to observe it, so that
the privilege people would understand it before they came. If a
rule of that kind is to be adopted by any number of fairs it ought
to be made as general as possible, and I should like to hear an
expression of opinion on this subject.

Mr. Mitchell : That was one of the things I meant when 1
spoke of uniform treatment. I was superintendent for eight
years, and I never put a man's name down for a concession until
the money was paid. They always have the money, and if you ask
for it you will get it every time. It does not do to let them slip
along without paying until the fair is over, for every once in a
while some of them will get away without paying you.

Mr. ISTowlin : I will give you my experience in that line. When
I first suggested that in my report as Superintendent of Privileges

AKNUAL MEETING. 101

some of the members of the Board said I could not sell five hun-
dred dollars' worth of privileges at the State Fair and collect the
money in advance. I did sell over three thousand dollars of privi-
leges, and since then they have concluded that these fellows have
the money and that we can get it before we let them in. The idea
with the privilege people is this: If they can get on your fair
ground and have until say Thursday to pay, and have good days
on Tuesday and Wednesday, and find on Thursday or Friday
mornings that it is likely to rain or be an unpleasant day, they
will get away without paying for the balance of the week. Last
fall before the fair closed I had applications for $1,200 of priv-
ileges, and these people were all willing to make twenty per cent,
of the payment in cash to reserve certain places. Take the score
card privilege. Every fair needs a score card. The people who
go to see the races can not take a proper interest unless they have
a score card. Suppose a man pays half the price for the privilege
in advance, and when fair time comes he says he has not got the
money for the balance, then it is too late to get anyone else to get
it out. That is one of the privileges for which I always get all
the money in advance.

Mr. Blackstock : What is customary over the State ? Is it not
generally the rule that one-half the privilege money is paid in
advance

Mr. Fitch: I have not had charge of the privileges in our
county, but I have examined the permit books, and I find that
most of them pay about 20 per cent, in advance and the balance
as they make it, probably by Wednesday night, and probably it is
not paid at all. In our circuit they usually start in rather mild,
and in the first county pay pretty well, but it gets worse all the
way through the circuit, until at the last we hardly get anything
out of them. We collected $324 out of $500 which should have
been collected. It was considered a wide-open fair. There is no
need of having a wide-open fair. The best fair is one where you

102 BOARD OF AGBICULTUEE.

feel like taking your wife and children and recommending other
people to go and take their families.

I move that a committee he appointed to frame the sentiments
of this meeting in favor of snch a fair.

The motion was seconded by Mr. Bridges.

Mr. Fitch : The way the privilege people act at some of the
fairs is a rank outrage on the people of the county. Most of these
shows have attachments to them that should be watched and eradi-
cated or they will injure the fair.

Mr. Blackstock : The privileges at the Lafayette Fair amounted
to about $1,300, but it took about three men all week to collect it.

Mr. Fitch : I wish to include in the resolution the sentiments
of your report, Mr, President, and also of the Secretary's address.

Mr. ISTowlin: My understanding of the resolution is that this
association should recommend a set of rules that would be of bene-
fit to the fair associations of the State. They are not obliged to
accept them.

Mr. Lyons, Jay County : There is one thing in your address
that seems to fit my case. That is in regard to keeping all games
from the fair ground. We adopted that rule twenty years ago,
and have lived up to the letter of it. We were divided somewhat
on it. I made a statement of this sort to the people who were
opposed to it: "Gentlemen, if you will vote with us to keep out
gambling of every kind, every dollar that we are out of after this
fair is over I will go down in my pockets and pay." We got their
votes. We got complimentaries issued, and I delivered one to
each minister in the county. I don't think we ever had a better
fair up to that time. We have kept it up and have grown in grace
and have done well. T have always felt proud of it, and it pleases
me to hear you speak in favor of that kind of fairs. I think the
fair managers should give more thought to the management of

ANNUAL MEETING. 103

the fairs. We must try to set people to thinking of what is right
and what is wrong in fair management. We have kept our fair
very well, and have never had to ask for any appropriation from
State or county.

Mr. Blackstock: One point I mentioned in the oi>ening, and
that was in regard to the re-entry of horses. I merely gave my
experience on that thing for the benefit of secretaries who are pres-
ent. In our fair there were four horses entered in every race.
They did this for the purpose of fraudulently filling those races,
and after the entries were supposed to be closed they came to me
and asked if the races were all filled. I said they were not. I told
them they had entered the horses in the whole list ; but that I con-
sidered the races they were naturally fitted for were filled by them,
and the others were all empty. • I think that was right. The in-
tention was to prevent me from reopening those races. Some of
them were not filled, several others were really filled ; but three
of the races were not properly filled. I took the liberty of ruling
against them and the Association stood by me. I reopened the
races and they threatened to report me for receiving entries after
the races were closed, which is a finable offense. They did not
report me. I mention this to show that any secretary who leaves
them open is liable to run up against this sort of thing. T think
every secretary should be prepared to protect himself against
affairs of that kind.

The motion before the house was carried.

Under the motion Mr. Fitch, Mr. Bridges and Mr. Blackstock
were appointed a committee to carry out its object.

Mr. Downing : The State Board invites horsemen to make en-
tries in more than one class, and provides in its rules that parties
who make entries in more than one class, can have the privilege
of starting in any class they desire, and will be held only for the
one entry. Mr. Blackstock can hold each of the entries for the
entry fee where they are made as he stated they were made at his

104 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

fair, because if the entries are made in good faith — and I doubt
whether they have a right under the American Trotting Associa-
tion to make such entries — he had a right to declare certain races
filled and certain races not filled, and refilled them under the rules.
If I could get entries filled by reopening races I would do as Mr.
Blackstock did; but at the ordinary county fair it is hard to get
races filled even after they are reopened. We usually allow them
to make entries in all the classes they wish to, and then let them
start wherever they want to, holding them for entries in the classes
in which they start horses. You must do that with horsemen.
Horsemen have a hard time of it, and it is sometimes an accom-
modation to a fair association to have horses start in more than
one class. If you have a class starting in which a horse is eligible
on Wednesday, and you have a* class in which it is eligible on
Friday, the ordinary horseman would be glad to go in two races
in a week, especially if they are not hard races. In a fair like
Lafayette where there is no trouble in getting entries it was right
for Mr. Blackstock to pursue the course he did. It is pretty hard
to draw the rules down very fine with horsemen. You must ask
a great many favors of them, and th^ will ask favors of you. I
have found it always best to help them, and they are usually will-
ing to help me. I have found it a good rule to stand in with the
horsemen, and I let them have their way providing they are will-
ing to pay for it. Of course the officers must use their discretion
against fraudulent entries. But where they make the entries in
good faith, I think it is all right.

Mr. Blackstock : I agree with that statement, and my practice
has been the same as his. I only referred to cases where a mean
advantage was taken of the Secretarv, and in order to force him to
provide classes just for them. It is only occasionally that this
happens. Once in awhile one will come across a mean horseman
who will try to take a mean advantage of him, and it is well for
the Secretary to protect himself, and in order to do that he must
shape his conduct according to the men he has to deal with.

ANNUAL MEETING. iOS

Mr. Downing;: I have always kept the entries dark, and have
not said anything about them nntil they were closed. No horse-
man can find out how many entries were in, so they do not have
any advantage in that respect.

Mr. Fitch : It is possible to do this in a State Fair, but it is not
possible in a county fair. The horsemen will compare notes and
will know to a dot what entries are made.

Mr. Mitchell: Does your rule, Mr. Blackstock, letting them
make as many entries as they please, prevail in the show classes ?

Mr. Blackstock: We used to allow them to re-enter in other
classes, and charge 10 per cent, or something of that kind; but
we thought it was not best and do not allow them to enter in more
than one class.

Mr. Mitchell : It is better to allow a horse to be exhibited only
in his class. With the average committeeman a man might get a
fine heavy horse and take him through every class. That does not
divide the money fairly among the classes. We charge no entry
fees in anything but the speed class, and our stalls are all free
excepting for exhibition horses. The cattle stalls are free and
bedding is furnished ; the hog and sheep pens are also free. We
charge for the stalls for speed horses to prevent them from putting
in horses for convenience that are not meant to be entered in the
speed class.

Mr. Huron: We have not had much trouble with horsemen
making two entries. We allow them to do it for the purpose of
accommodating them. We give them the privilege to start in
different classes, and it is often an accommodation to them. We
may have a few horses entered in the twenty-five and a great many
in the thirty-five, and we are often glad to have some of the thirty-
five horses in the twenty -five. We have had that experience every
year. I have not had any trouble with the horsemen. They are
a nice set of fellows; they tell you what they want and pay you

106 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

for what they get, and I helieve in accommodating them in every
way possible.

Mr. Blaekstock: My experience is that we have the most
trouble with our own horses. They want to get the inside of every-
tliing, and they are down on the Secretary if he does not grant it.

Mr. Insley : I think this meeting would have been more in-
structive if a program was prepared and carried out. If a line of
work could be mapped out for this meeting and the programs for
it scattered out over the State, the managers would know what to
expect when they came here. I move that the Chair appoint a
committee to formulate a progi^am for the next annual meeting.

Mr. Mitchell : Let the committee that has been appointed make
up the program and report something definite a year hence.

The motion was seconded by Mr. Young.

Mr. N"owlin : I thought we had a program. We had a program
arranged at one time, and I supposed the parties had the papers
prepared. Only yesterday I learned that a program had not been
prepared. A program committee was appointed last year.

Mr. Mitchell : Wouldn't the committee that has been appointed
do to fix up the program ? The resolutions certainly embody the
points we want to get at. *

Mr. Fitch : I think this would not l>e satisfactory to the com-
mittee.

Mr. Blaekstock : I am glad the matter has taken this shape.
Mr. Insley covers the point I wish to make. I have here a pro-
gram of the Ohio State Fair Managers' Association, something
similar to this Association. This leaflet contains a program of
about a dozen subjects to be discussed. It is circulated before the
meeting so that everyone may know beforehand just what is to be
taken up. I hope the motion will prevail.

, ANNUAL MEETING. • 107

Mr. JSTowlin : Would the progi'am not come in with the other
programs for this week's meetings ?

Mr. Downing: Send it in and we will have it printed in our
program.

The motion was carried.

The following were appointed a committee under the motion:
Mr. Insley, Mr. Young and Mr. Downing.

Mr. Quick: I was glad to hear the subject of the forming of a
circuit mentioned. Who forms the circuit, and how is it formed ?
I find in exhibiting that this is a very important matter. When
we go into a circuit we frequently have to travel over the same
road several times, and sometimes we have to take a back track to
return home. It appears to me that in forming a circuit we should
take a map and study carefully the lines of railroad and select
the most convenient routes. For instance, take the road that runs
from here to Madison. There is Franklin, Columbus, and other
towns. In coming back to the State Fair we could follow this
route and make the last fair Franklin, and then the State Fair. I
think this matter should be arranged so that exhibitors need not
back track. A year or two ago we started at Middleto-wn, from
there to Hagerstowm, from there to Greenfield, w^ithin twenty
miles of Indianapolis, then back to Middletown. That occupies
too much time. It is also too expensive; there is not enough
money made attending the fairs in that way to pay any extra ex-
penses. I hope a circuit Avill be formed that will be convenient
for the exhibitors.

Mr. Mitchell : In making this circuit the State Board of Agri-
culture ought to have the exclusive right to the week they select
for the State Fair.

Mr. Nowlin: My understanding is that as soon as this meet-
ing proper adjourns some of the circuits want to meet and arrange
for the date and get information.

108 J30AllD OF AGRlCULTUEE.

Mr. Morris: The question of privileges has not been discussed
— I mean the class of privileges that the county fairs should give
an exclusive right to. Year before last at our fair there were two
merry-go-rounds ; they paid a fee of $50 each. Last year only one
showed up. The general impression is that the one that did not
show up probably got $25 for staying away. We could readily
have gotten one hundred dollars if we had granted the exclusive
privilege to one.

Mr. N^owlin : In my experience there are very few privileges
that could be sold exclusiveh^ without getting us into trouble.
Some things, however, must ]je sold in that way.

ELECTION OF OFFICEKSi

Mr. Insley was placed in nomination for President, and was
elected by unanimous vote.

Mr. Robert Mitchell, of Princeton, was elected Vice-President.

Mr. W. M. Blackstock, Lafayette, was elected Secretary.

Mr. Nowlin announced that Dr. J. IST. Hurty, Secretary of the
State Board of Health, wished to address the Association.

DR. HURTY'S ADDRESS.

Gentlemen of the Association— The last Pure Food Law which was
passed in 1899 makes the State Board of Health the authority for its en-
forcement, and the Secretary of the State Board of Health is named in
the law as the State Food Commissioner. I have been making a great
many investigations and studies over the State in regard to food adul-
teration, and feel modestly certain that I have some facts which will
interest you very greatly. Certainly I can present some facts that affect
your pockets most materially, though perhaps they do not affect the
pockets of the farmers so much as they do the city people. Few people
realize the extent of food adulteration. We find it on every hand. I sat
down to a breakfast the other morning which I called a "paint breakfast,"
because of the adulterating matter in the foods that were presented.
First, we had stewed dried beef, and that dried beef had coloring matter

ANNUAL, MEETING. ' 109

in it to make it appear nice and red. The colorinj? matter came out into
the gravy and colored it, and a sample of the meat talien to the laboratory
was treated, and we found the coloring in it was aniline matter. Then
there was some apple butter upon the table that came from a large estab-
lishment in Pittsburgh. That apple butter had aniline coloring in it; that
was also proven in the laboratory. Then there was butter which, as you
know, is colored. I have no ol>jection to that, however. Then the cream
was colored. The catsup was preserved with salicylic acid and colored
with aniline matter. There were five articles of food on the table at the
same time that contained coloring matter.

Now the question arises whether we want to eat this coloring matter.
I am inclined to a return to the good old-fashioned days when we ate
pure, wholesome foods that did not have anything of that character in
them.

I have a letter dated December 30, 1901. which comes from a Columbia
cheese factory, Cambridge City, Indiana. I quote the following from it:

"We received sample of "Kremo' from Chicago, an adulterant for
cream. We mail you the original sample under separate cover. You
can advise us as to the nature of the same."

The sample came, and upon examination I found it to be nothing but
powdered gelatine. That, you know, is refined glue. This the firm offers
to sell at $1.2.5 a pound. It can be purchased anywhere for 40 cents a
pound. That is the adulterant for cream. Here are some of the things
the circular says about "Kremo:"

"Pure Food Brand dried cream. Gives a body to thin cream or milk.
Will permit of the reduction of cream with milk in such a way that it
can not be detected by chemists.

"Kremo is the result of years of experimenting. It is now used
throughout Eiirope, and is rapidly being adopted in America."

Remember, gentlemen, that this is nothing but powdered gelatine— re-
fined glue!

Further on the circular says:

"Place one ounce of Kremo in a clean, dry pint measure, add gradu-
ally two ounces of cold water and stir into a thick, smooth paste that is
uniform and free from dry lumps; then add enough hot water to fill the
pint measure. Add to one and one-half gallons of cream one-half gallon
of milk and the dissolved Kremo, and you have two gallons of cream."

In the same way water and the Kremo was to be added to milk.

That is enough to show you the intent of these people to swindle and
defraud. You know if you dissolve gelatine in water it will form just
like jelly, and so we make this jelly for our tables, and it is a wholesome
food. These people say to dissolve an ounce of the stuff and add it to
one and one-half gallons of cream, and then add one-half gallon of milk,
and it will have the appearance of rich cream. The purpose of this, they
say, is to "stretch cream." And they also tell how to stretch milk with it.

110 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

The people all over this Stete are buying this "stretched" cream and
milk.

I have over two hundred samples of this kind of adulterant. This is
going on all over the State. I can find that "stretched" cream and milk
in our hotels and restaurants here. I can find it in South Bend and Terre
Haute, and the people are being SAvindled out of thousands of dollars
annually by this fraud.

I hold in my hand a sample sent from New Castle by Dr. Brubaker
It is a substance for adulterating lard. After you have mixed this stuff
with the lard you can add water to it. You can add 25 per cent, of water
to the lard after this has been added, and the lard looks pretty solid.
You might suspect it, but as a rule the general purchaser, the working-
man's wife and the mechanic's wife, will buy this lard because it is one
or two cents a pound cheaper, and she is swindled. It is a mixture of
starch and gelatine and a little burnt alum. This sells for a very high
price; the men who make the stuff intend to make money out of it.

If you go to the grocery to buy syrup or sorghum, the chances are that
it will be adulterated with glucose. Glucose is not an unwholesome sub-
stance, but if you are going to buy it you want to buy it for what it Is,
and not for sorghum or maple. Sixty-five times out of one hundred when
you buy maple syrup you are buying glucose. If you buy the golden drips
you get them mixed with a great deal of glucose. There is nothing in-
jurious about glucose, but you do not want to pay a good, big price for it;
if you want it you can go and buy it for what it is and not be swindled.
We have in this State one of the very best food laws of any State in the
Union. I have here the British Food Journal, and it is an authority on
the subject. It says this about the Indiana Food Law:

"The food standards of the Indiana State Board of Health, which ap-
pear on another page, show that it is quite possible to lay down ofiicial
definitions of various articles of food, and the study of these regulations
may be of assistance to those authorities in England who are striving to
arrive at some form of order out of chaos, which at present exist in this
country in matters relating to food standards."

This Pure Food Law of Indiana is probably one of the best that has
ever been written. The food law of 1899 passed in Indiana is one of the
best pure food laws we have anywhere. I have the honor to be the State
Food Commissioner. You ask me why this pure food law is not in force?
Do you not know that however good a locomotive may be it will not run
without coal? You may build the most pei'fect locomotive in the world
and put on the best men. and it Avill not budge if you do not put on coal.
Now, we have no coal to run this locomotive. The Legislature that passed
this law furnished no means to enforce it, neither did the Legislature of
1901. That is why the State Board of Health does nothing and why your
Pure Food Commissioner does nothing. I thought it might help us to pre-
sent the matter to you here. We are all being swindled right and left be-
cause we are not working for the enforcement of this law.

ANNUAL, MEETING. Ill

About twelve years ago the people of Ohio had a pure food law passed,
and they were wiser thau we, for a laboratory was established and an
appropriation furnished for its use. You can not test this matter without
a laboratory. In Ohio they established this laboratory and had food in-
spectors. They sent them out over the State gathering in foods of all
kinds, cheese, butter, canned foods, dried beef, and those articles went
into the laboratory all numbered and labeled. The chemists did not know
where they came from, but they made their analysis, and 30 per cent, of
all the foods were found either adulterated or short of standard. Two
years subsequent to that Michigan passed a law like that. Michigan also
established a laboratory and gave them an appropriation of $18,000 for
the enforcement of the law. They went to work to find out what foods
were being adulterated, and they stopped it. Michigan found, too, that a
little over 30 per cent, of the food Avas adulterated. Now I ask you if 30
per cent, of all the prepared foods of Ohio, and 30 per cent, in Michigan,
were adulterated before they passed their laws, what state of affairs
exists in Indiana? Surely as much.

Question. Have yon examined any of the ground spices ?

Dr. Hurty: Yes, and nearly all of them are adulterated. I
have even discovered that grain cciffee is being adulterated The
preparation is called pressed coffee grains.

I will give you an instance to illustrate how these pure food laws work
when there is money to enforce them. In November I was in New York,
and on my return trip I went to the dining-car on the train one morning
to get my breakfast. Sitting opposite me was a pleasant-looking gentle-
man, with whom I entered into a conversation. My cream was brought
to me, and it looked rich and nice, but I discovered something strange in
the taste. When I poured some into my coffee a lump of something
flopped into it. I fished it out with a fork, dipped it into my glass of
water, and then tasted it and found out it was gelatine. The gentleman
was interested and asked my name. I then learned that he was Dr. John
Hamilton, Secretary of Agriculture of Pennsylvania, and also Food Com-
missioner for that State. So you see there were two State Food Commis-
sioners there. We took all our data together. Then we called the con-
ductor of the car and asked him about the cream. He said the railroad
company bought seven gallons of cream every day from a man at Cov-
ington, Ky., and gave us the man's name. He told us that he had for
some time suspected that there was something wrong about the cream.
I wrote to Dr. J. N. McCormick, of Kentucky, about the matter. They
have a Food Commissioner in Kentucky. He was informed of this case
and went to Covington and examined the cream and found it loaded with
gelatine. The man was fined $80 and costs, in all something like $112.

112 BOARD OF AGKICULTUBE.

Now, that is perfectly possible in Indiana, gentlemen. If I were to
receive a letter that an Indiana rascal was furnishing stretched cream,
what would I do? Nothing. We have no laboratory, and I could not do
anything. We must have a laboratory or we can not do anything about it.
We could have the laboratory fitted up here in the State House. There
are plenty of fine rooms here in the basement. To the laboratory
the citizens could send at any time for analysis anything that they
suspected, and we could bring prosecutions and punish the offend-
ers. This would soon spread terror among the ofiienders. It will
cost about $5,000 to establish a laboratory, and it will cost about $15,000
to conduct it, which is less than the loss sustained in one day in the State.
Michigan gives $18,000 yearly for this worli, and Wisconsin gives $15,000
for the enforcement of this law.

Q. Do you know whether they are stretching the commercial
flour in this State ?

Dr. Hurty: I have not examined it.

Mr. Mitchell: In our mills they have a machine for mixing
corn flour in the wheat flour, and they do not do it on the sly
either.

Dr. Hurty : They know we can not do anything.

Member : I understand they are making bran out of corncobs.

Dr. Hurty : Are any of you acquainted with the jellies sold in
groceries ? It is nothing in the world but glucose that has been
colored red, and if it is sold for raspberry jelly there are some
hay seeds mixed up in it to simulate the berry seeds. Now, I
submit that is wrong and wicked. A little different flavoring
will make it quince jelly.

Now I shall tell you how the Pure Food Law was gotten up. A Sen-
ator came to me and said he was interested in food legislation. He said
he had been trying to write a law, but found a great deal of difficulty
in doing it. I told him I had been studying the subject for twelve years.
We had some drafts made and sent one to Purdue, one to I>r. Walcott, of
Massachusetts, and passed finally what the British Health Journal said
was probably one of the best to be found anywhere. The benefit of this
law is that it gets the State Board of Health to pass laws establishing
.standards and specifying adulterations, Now, you know standards are

ANNUAL MEETING. 113

changing all the while and new adulterants coming in all the while. If
the Board has power to say that gelatine put into cream is an adulteration
the law will recognize it. The law has l>eeu tested; it has come to the
Appellate Court and the Supreme Court, and has been sustained through-
out in every particular. The rules of the State Board and everything has
been sustained. We are all right as far as law is concerned, and officers
all over the State are concerned, but we need a laboratory and money to
sustain it before anything can be done. We can not run our locomotive
without coal.

The meeting was then adjourned.

8— Agriculture.

114: BOAKD OF AGKICULTUBE. *

THIRD SESSION.

The meetiug of the State Board of Agriculture was called to
order at 10 a. m., bv President McDonald, who announced that
elections were to be held for members for the First, Second, Third,
Fourth, Seventh, Fourteenth, Fifteenth and Sixteenth Districts.

The report of Committee on Credentials was read.

The following tellers were appointed : W. W. Morgan and
H. L. Nowlin.

On motion, Mr. Robert Mitchell was authorized to cast the vote
for the State Fair at Evansville.

The report was then adopted.

President McDonald : Gentlemen of the State Board, we have
come to the point in our proceedings where it is incumbent upon
us to elect eight members of this Board in the First, Second, Third,
Fourth, Seventh, Fourteenth, Fifteenth and Sixteenth Districts.
I hope that this election will be characterized by fairness. I hope
tbat we shall have here a courteous and friendly contest, jind, as
far as it is in my power, I will do everything that I possibly can
to make this an orderly and gentlemanly contest. I shall hear any
suggestion as to the rules of your voting, whether the rules pur-
sued by former meetings of this body shall be followed, or whether
vou have anv new rules to suggest as to the manner of voting.

The following members were placed in nomination for the sev-
eral districts:

First District: John C. Haines.

Second District: Hon. Mason J. Niblack.

Third District: E. S. Tuell, Corydon, and C. W. Bmbeck,
Georgetown.

AKNUAL MEETING. 115

Fourth District: John Tilsoii, Johnson County, and E. A.
Kobison, Franklin.

Seventh District: David Wallace, Indianapolis.

Fourteenth District: Cott Barnett, Cass County, and Joseph
Cunningham, Miami County.

Fifteenth District: R. M. Small, Laporte; C. B, Benjamin,
Lake County, and Aaron Jones, South Bend.

Sixteenth District: James E. McDonald.

In placing Mr. Wallace in nomination Mr. Robison, the retir-
ing member from the Seventh District, said : I would like to say
a word in severing my connection with the Board. It is not from
any lack of interest or deep-seated love for the work that I do
not allow my name to be presented as a candidate for the nomina-
tion of member of the State Board. I have been associated with
the Board for upwards of seven years, and I have a deep and
abiding faith in the members with whom I have been associated.
I know that they are working for the best interests of the State,
and while their work, to a great extent, is unappreciated by a
great many people, nevertheless the work has been done faithfully
and well. It has occurred to me that in the minds of the public
generally I might not be accepted as a li<.ruy-handed son of toil.
I was born and reared on a farm. Lately one of our newspapers
suggested that Mr. Wallace and I should set about to see who
should be the nominee of the Board in a milking contest of about
twelve cow^s each. I would not be afraid to enter that contest, for
I milked twelve cows twice a day for ten years.

I feel that every man who has been connected with the State
Board learns to have the interests of the Board at heart. I think
members representing the diversified interests should be repre-
sented on the Board. Mr. Wallace, as you all know, is in the stock
business and can bring to the Board the knowledge that he has of
the stock interests throus^h all its varying parts, and I heartily

116 BOAED OF AGKICULTUKE.

second the nomination of Mr. Wallace, believing, as I do, that he
will be one of the most efficient members of the Board that this
District has ever had if he is selected.

The result of balloting for members v^as as follows :

In the First and Second Districts, there being only one can-
didate nominated for each, the Secretary was instructed to cast the
ballot for the entire association.

In the Second District, Mr. Brubeck received 29 votes and Mr.
Tuell received 38, a total of 67 votes being cast. Mr. Tuell was
declared elected.

In the Fourth District, E. A. Robison received 21 votes and
John Tilson received 46, a total of 67 votes being cast. Mr. Til-
son was declared elected.

In the Seventh District, Mr. Wallace being the only nominee,
the Secretary was instructed to cast the vote of the entire associa-
tion for Mr. Wallace.

In the Fifteenth District, Aaron Jones received 16 votes and C.
B. Benjamin received 43, and R. M. Small received 7, a total of
GQ votes being cast. Mr. Benjamin was declared elected.

In the Fourteenth District, Cott Barnett received 13 votes, and
Josef>h Cunningham 52, the total number of votes east being 65.
Mr. Cunningham was declared elected.

In the Sixteenth District, James W. McDonald was placed in
nomination, and as there was no other nominee the Secretary was
instructed to cast the vote of the entire convention for Mr. Mc-
Donald.

Mr. McDonald : T want to thank you for this honor. I am not
a farmer, but the farming interests and all other interests of the
State of Indiana have my sympathy. The reason I am not a
farmer is because my father did not have farms enough to go

ANNUAL MEETING.

117

around, and my father-in-law had none. My father is a farmer,
and my sympathies are with the agricultural interests of this State.
I shall give my active, conscientious, individual attention to every-
thing connected with this Board.

Mr. Wallace, Indianapolis : I consider it a great honor to be
elected a member of the State Board of Agriculture. It is an
honorable position and an important one. I represent the live
stock interests of my district. I am very frank to say that if Mr.
Eobison and I had that contest he spoke of, I would have been
defeated.

I don't believe the breeders of this State realize how rapidly
they are coming to the front as breeders of beef cattle. Yesterday,
in Chicago, a Hereford bull was sold for $12,000. He was bred
here in Indiana. We have more high-priced cattle, and better,
more "Shorthorn cattle and better. The Aberdeen- Angus men have
organized an association and are to have a meeting today. I want
you to give them encouragement.

In conclusion I will assure you that as a member of this Board
I shall do all I can to help you during the coming year.

On motion, the report was accepted.

REPORT OF SUPERINTENDENT OF PRIVILEGES.

To the President and Members of the Delegate State Board of Agriculture

of Indiana:

Gentlemen— As Superintendent of Privileges for the year 1901, I have
to report a" most successful year. I believe all shov^^s and concessions of
all kinds were conducted in a very satisfactory manner.

I collected and hold receipts of the Secretary for .$4,322 90

Expense of assistants 71 75

This is the largest amount ever collected for ijrivileges at any Indiana
State Fair.

If the grounds were re-platted it would save the Superintendent mpch
annoyance in giving people their proper locations, and I should recommend
that no concessions be sold immediately adjoining any of the buildings.

118 feOARD OF AGKICULTURE.

This would require that other space be used for some of the machinery
and buggy exhibits, but would help the appearance of the buildings and
lessen the danger from various sources.

Respectfully submitted,

H. L. NOWLIN,
Superintendent of Privileges.

REPORT OF SUPERINTENDENT OF ART HALL.

Mr. President and Members of the Delegate Board:

As Superintendent of the Art Hall, I began soon after my appoint-
ment to see what changes could be made to advantage.

In the Art Hall we changed the booths on the north side, making
theiji largei', and by some papering, more attractive, at the same time
giving more space for sale by the Supei-intendent of Privileges.

In revising the premium list we changed several prize numbers by
cutting out and adding a few. Among some that were added was in the
China Department, both in amateur and professionals.

"Painting on China Under Instruction" which saved quite a little
worry reported in this department by Superintendents.

While pei-haps there were not as many exhibitors as at some fairs
past, the quality was above the average.

I believe members of the future fairs should look forward to a build-
ing of more modern arrangements to display the exhibitors' goods. As
much as possililo goods should be placed in cases for the different ex-
hibits, better protecting them from being lost and the suffocating dust
that naturally arises from large crowds.

In the Painting and Drawing the work was very creditable, but thei
light is so bad there could not be justice done to all exhi1)itors.

Expense of Department.

Mr. L. M. Meaken, Judge $15 00

Mrs. F. D. Abraham, Judge 14 40

Mrs. C. M. Culbertson, Judge 15 80

Mrs. Pearl E. Tyner, Ex. Manager 44 00

Mr. Frank Welch, helper 34 00

Miss Nellie Darnell, 20 50

Mrs. Fannie Schidler, express 18 00

Mrs. M. F. Fox, assistant 20 00

Miss Neva Peed 20 35

Mrs. G. W. McCoy 28 00

Mrs. V. D. Robison 18 60

Mrs. Fannie Inks 24 00

ANNUAL MEETING.

119

Mrs. F. D. Clapp $24 00

Herbert Sbumer 1 25

Philip Rhodes, night police 15 00

Anna Brown 50

Philip Kendall 50

Chas. Denerly 3 00

Receipts on money paid out 4 50

\ .

Total expense $341 SO

I J. C. BRIDGES,

Superintendent.

SUPERINTENDENT'S REPORT.

To the President and Members of the Indiana State Board of Agriculture:

At the Indiana State Fair of 1901, in the Horse Department, classes

one, two, three and four were well represented. The total entries were

. The French Draft and Percherons made a good show. The several

show rings of Shire stallions were fine and attracted great attention, while
the French and German Coach stallions made a splendid exhibition. It
was altogether the best field of heavy harness horses seen at our State
Fair for a great many years.

The receipts of this department from stall rents were $130. The ex-
penses of same are for Assistant Superintendent.

Geo. McDaniels

Thos. M. Bell, Expert Judge $50 00

Respectfully submitted,

W. M. BLACKSTOCK,

Superintendent.

The following is a complete list of all awards made at the In-
diana State Fair of 1901 :

INDIANA STATE FAIR, 1901.

SPEED PROGKAM.

M. S. Claypool, Superintendent.
M. A. McDonald, Starting Judge.

G. W. Hall, ^

G. V. Kell, >• Judges.

J. J. Insley, )

C. K. WORRALL, 1

W. W. Morgan, |- Timers.
C. H. Anthony, J

F. A. WiSHART, Clerk of Course.

AWARDS.

TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 17.

2:30 Trot— $500 divided— $225, $100, $50 and $25.

Cretones, b. m 1 .3

Crescent, g. g 8 1

Dick Berry, b. g 2 2

Daisy Direct, br. m 3 4

King's Clerc, s. g 4 8

Kingsmount, g. g 7 6

Cliarley Cecil, b. g 10 7

John W, b. g 6 5

(120)

1

1

3

3

2

2

5

4

6

5

7

6

8

7

4

8

ANNUAL MEETING.

121

First heat ..
Second heat
Third heat .
Fourth heat

TIME.

% Mile.

1/2 Mile.

% Mile.

Mile.

:33%

1:08%

1:34

2:16y2

:33%

1:08^4

1:41

2:14^

:33

1:06

1:403/2

2:131/4

:33%

1:08

1:41

2:14%

Stake Race No. 1, 2:25 Pace— $2,000 divided— $900, $400, $200, $100.

Dr. Monical 1 1 1

Poston 2 2 2

Possum 3 4 4

Rex S 5 5 3

Jack Pointer 6 3 5

Ida Van Cortland 4 6 6

First heat .
Second heat
Third heat .

TIME.

14 Mile.

1/2 Mile.

% Mile.

Mile.

:33

1:07%

I:40y2

2:14%

:3iy2

1:041/2

1:38%

2:14

:33

1:06

l:38y2

2:14

WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 18.

2:25 Pace— $500 divided— $225, $100, $50, $25.

Luzon, b. s 1 1 1

Ephriam, b. g' 2 2 2

International Queen 4 4 4

Annie T, blk. m 5 5 5

TIME.

First heat .
Second heat
Third heat .

14 Mile.

1/2 Mile.

% Mile.

Mile.

:32

I:06y2

1:39%

2:131/4

:32i4

1:07

1:401/2

2:14

:34

1:08

l:42i/a

2:17%

2:10 Tl-ot— $700-$315, $140, $70, $35.

May Allan, s. m 1 3 2 1 1

Alan, b. g 2 13 2 2

Dorothy Redmond, blk. m 3 4 1 3 4

J. T 4 2 4 4 3

122

BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

First heat .
Second heat
Third heat .
Fourth heat
Fifth heat ..

•/

TIME.

14 Mile.
:32
:32
:32y4
:32%
:32%

i/a Mile.
1:051/2
1:06
l:05y2
1:06
1:00

% Mile.
1:38
1:39
1:38
1:39%
1:38%

2:17 Pace— $600 divided— $270, $120, $60, $30.

Carelio M., b. m 4

Donald Sphinx, br. .s 10

Roy Daj% b. s 1

Earl Park, br. g 9

Slumber Jr., b. s 2

Baron Waltzer, b. g 5

Nellie Storm, b. m.. 7

1

6

2

8
5

7
9

2
4
8
1
6
10
5

2
1

8
4
5
6
3

Mile.
2:10%
2:11%
2:101/2
2:12
2:13

1

2
7
5
6
3
4

First heat .
Second heat
Third heat .
Fourth heat
Fifth heat ..

Vi

TIME.

Mile.

31%

31%

331/4

32

32

1/3 Mile.
1:03%
1:051^
1:05%
1:04
1:0514

% Mile.

1:38%

1:3814

1:38%

1:38

1:39

Mile.
2:13y4

2:10%
2:121/4
2:10%
2:11

THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 19.

2:14 Pace— $700 divided— $315, $140, $70, $35.

Col. Dick Thompson, br. g 1 1 1

Tertimin, b. s 2 2 3

Hal Foster 10 8 2

Rube Johnson, br. g 3 7 4

Kitty Powers 8 5 5

High Trust 5 9 6

Daisy Sheldon, s. m 4 6 7

Inline, s. s 11 4 8

Sampson, b. g 9 5 9

Catherine M., ch. m 7 10 10

First heat .
Second heat
Third heat .

Vi

TIME.

Mile.
32
33
32

1/3 Mile.
1:041/2
1:05^4
1:051/2

% Mile.
1:37
1:37%
1:37%

Mile.
2:10%
2:10%
2:111/4

ANNUAL MEETING.

123

2:25 Trot-.$00O divided-$270, $120, $60, $30.

Gavetta, b. m 1

Jessie C, ch. m 2

Blackheart, b. m 3

Billie B., b. g 5

Helen Wood, s. m 6

Twilight 4

Coal Black Lady, blk. m 8

1

1

2

2

3

4

5

3

4

5

6

6

7

7

TIME.

First heat .
Second heat
Third heat .

4 Mile.

y.2 Mile.

% Mile.

Mile.

:35

1:09

1:44

2:19%

:35i4

1:02

l:4iyo

2:15y4

:34

1:07

1:39

2:15y4

Free-For-All-Pace-$1,000— divided— $450, $100, $50.

Harry O., b. g '. 5 1 1 1

Edith W., b. m 1 2 2 2

My Choice 2 5 5 3

Tom Ogden, b. g 3 4 3 4

TIME.

First heat .
Second heat
Third heat .
Fourth heat

14 Mile.

:30i4

:3iyi
:31%
:31

Va Mile.
I:02y2
l:02y2
1:03%
1:04

%

Mile.
I:33y2
1:341/2
1:36
1:361^

Mile.
2:06

2:06%
2:07%
2:0V/2

FRIDAY. SEPTEMBER 20.

2:15 Trot— $700 dipvided— $315, $140, $70, $35.

Neighbor Girl. b. m 1 5

A. J. D., br. g 4 1

Alice Russell, b. m 6 2

Ebba, g. m 3 3

Sphinx Lassie, b. m 7 6

Prosperity Bill, ch. s 5 8

Yellow Jacket, ch. g 2 4

Geo. Muscovite 8 7

1

1

2

4

3

3

8

2

4

5

5

6

7

•

6

7
8

124

BOARD OF AGRICULTUBE.

TIME.

First heat .
Second heat
Third heat .
Fourth heat

1/4 Mile.

1/3 Mile.

% Mile.

Mile.

:33

1:07

1:39

2:12%

:32ya

1:061/2

l:40y4

2:13%

:34

l:07y4

1:40

2:12%

:32y2

1:06

1:38%

2:13

2:21 Pace— $600 divided-$270, $120, $60, $35.

Challie Downing, ch. m 1

Fantine, b. m 4

Signal Bells, b. g 2

Poston, b. s 6

Miincie Bells, b. g 7

Grace M., r. m 9

Tenny S., b. m 5

Ray view, b. s 3

International Stocli Food, b. g 8

1

1

2

2

4

5

3

3

6

6

8

4

5

7

7

8

9

9

TIME.

First heat .
Second heat
Third heat .

14 Mile.

V2 Mile.

% Mile.

Mile.

:32y4

1:04

1:37%

2:11%

:33

l:06y2

1:39%

2:12%

:33%

1:07%

1:40

2:12%

2:09 Pace— $700 divided— $315, $140, $70, $35.

Ine, br. m 1

Chestnut, s. g 5

Fred the Kid, b. s 2

C. F. W., b. s.., 8

The Hero, br. s 10

Milton, S'., b. s 3

Grace B 11

Split Silk, ch. m 7

2

1

2

3

3

2

1

1

1

8

5

2

8

7

3

5

10

8

9

4

6

9

7

6

11

11

12

7

12

12

10

8

TIME.

% Mile.

First heat :32%

Second heat :31%

Third heat 3iy3

Fourth heat :31%

Fifth heat :33%

ys Mile.

% Mile.

Mile.

1:05

I:36y2

2:08%

1:03%

1:36

2:08%

l:04y2

1:36%

2:09

l:04y2

l:36ya

2:09%

1:06%

1:40%

2:12

ANNUAL MEETING. 125

CLASS I— French Draft and Percheron Horses.
(G. W. Bell, Judge.)

1. Stallion 4 years old and over—

(1) Lafayette Importing Co., Lafayette, Ind $25 00

(2) Pioneer Stud Farm, Bushnell, 111 15 00

(3) Pioneer Stud Farm, Bushnell, 111 10 00

2. Stallion 3 years old and under 4—

(1) J. Crouch & Son, Lafayette, Ind 15 00

(2) Pioneer Stud Farm, Bushnell, 111 10 00

(3) Wm. Axe & Sons, Westchester, Ind 6 00

3. Stallion 2 years old and under 3—

(1) Lew W. Cochran, Crawfordsville, Ind 12 00

(2) Boyle, Otto & Petterson, Magnola, 111 8 00

(3) Boyle, Otto & Petterson, Magnola, 111 5 00

4. Stallion 1 year old and under 2—

(1) Lew W. Cochran, Crawfordspville, Ind 10 00

(2) Boyle, Otto & Petterson, Magnola, 111 6 00

(3) Boyle, Otto & Petterson, Magnola, 111 4 00

5. Stallion showing four best colts under 4 years old—

6. Mares and fiUies 4 years old and over —

7. Mares and fillies 3 years old and under 4—

(1) Lew W. Cochran, Crawfordsville, Ind 15 00

8. Mares and fillies 2 years old and under 3—

9. Mares and fillies 1 year, old and under 2 —

CLASS II— Clydesdale and English Shire.
(G. W. Bell, Judge.)

10. Stallion 4 years old and over—

(1) Pioneer Stud Farm, Bushnell, 111 $25 00

(2) Pioneer Stud Farm, Bushnell, 111 15 00

(3) Pioneer Stud Farm, Bushnell, 111 10 00

11. Stallion 3 years old and under 4— ''

(1) Geo. E. Brown, Aurora, 111 15 00

(2) Thomson & Bland, Crawfordsville, Ind 10 00

(3) Geo. E. Brown, Aurora, 111 6 00

12. Stallion 2 years old and under 3—

(1) Pioneer Stud Farm, Bushijell, 111 12 00

(2) Geo. E. Brown, Aurora, 111 8 00

(3) Geo. Sangster, Monticello, Ind 5 00

13. Stallion 1 year old and under 2—

(1) Lew W. Cochran, Crawfordsville, Ind 10 00

(2) Boyle, Otto & Petterson, Magnola, 111 6 00

(3) Boyle, Otto & Petterson, Magnola, 111 4 00

126 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

14. Stallion showing 4 best colts undpr four years old—

(1) Lew W. Cochran, Crawfordsville, Ind 25 00

(2) Geo. Warner. Sr., Mahomet, 111 15 00

15. Mares and fillies 4 years old and over—

(1) Isaac Webb, Rushville, Ind 25 00

(2) Geo. Warner, Sr., Mahomet, 111 15 00

(3) Lewis Bros., Camp Point, 111 10 00

16. Mares and fillies 3 years old and under 4—

(1) Lew W. Cochran, Crawfordsville, Ind 15 00

(2) W. H. Lagrange & Sons, Franklin, Ind 10 00

(3) Geo. Warner, Sr., Mahomet, 111 6 00

17. Mares and fillies 2 years old and under 3—

(1) L. B. Clore, Franklin, Ind 12 00

(2) Geo. Warner, Sr., Mahomet, 111 5 00

(3) Geo. Warner, Sr., Mahomet, 111 5 00

18. Mares and fillies 1 year old and under 2—

CLASS III— French and German Coach.
(G. W. Bell, Judge.)

19. Stallion 4 years old and over—

(1) Lewis Bros., Camp Point, 111 $25 00

(2) Lafayette Importing Co., Lafayette, Ind 15 00

(3) Lewis Bros., Crown Point, 111 10 00

20. Stallion 3 years old and under 4 —

(1) Lafayette Importing Co., Lafayette, Ind 15 00

(2) Lewis Bros., Camp Point, 111 10 00

(3) Lafayette Importing Co., Lafayette, Ind 6 00

21. Stallion 2 years old and under 3—

(1) Lewis Bros., Camp Point, 111 12 00

22. Stallion 1 year old and under 2—

(1) Lewis Bros., Camp Point, 111 10 00

23. Stallion showing 4 best colts under 4 years old—

24. Mares and fillies 4 years old and over—

(1) Lewis Bros., Camp Point, 111 25 00

25. Mares and fillies 3 years old and under 4 —

(1) Lafayette Importing Co., Lafayette, Ind 15 00

26. Mares and fillies 2 years old and under 3—

27. Mares and fillies 1 year old and under 2—

ANIMAL MEETING. 127

CLASS IV— Cleveland Bay, Hackney and American Coach.
(G. W. Bell, Judge.)

28. Stallion 4 years old and over—

(1) Pioneer Stud Farm, Bushnell, 111 $25 00

(2) Lew W. Cochran, Cravs^fordsville, Ind 15 00

(3) J. Crouch & Son, Lafayette, Ind 10 00

29. Stallion 3 years old and under 4—

(1) Lew W. Cochran, Crawfordsville, Ind 15 00

(2) Geo. Sangster, Monticello, Ind 10 00

(3) Lew W. Cochran, Crawfordsville. Ind 6 00

30. Stallion 2 years old and under 3—

(1) Lew W. Cochran, Crawfordsville, Ind 12 00

(2) Lew W. Cochran, Crawfordsville, Ind 8 00

(3) John V. Connolly, Madison, Ind 5 00

31. Stallion 1 year old and under 2—

(1) Lew W. Cochran, Crawfordsville, Ind 10 00

(2) A. C. Turner, Oxford, 600

32. Mares and tillies 4 years old and over—

(1) Thompson & Bland, Crawfordsville, Ind 25 00

(2) Thompson & Bland, Crawfordsville, Ind 15 00

(3) J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, 111 10 00

33. Mares and fillies 3 years old and under 4—

(1) J. K. Peak & Son, Winchester, 111 15 00

(2) J. R. Sanford, Whitestown, Ind 10 00

(3) Thos. Teal & Sou, Attica, Iowa 6 00

34. Mares and fillies 2 years old and under 3—

(1) J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, 111 12 00

(2) A. C. Turner, Oxford, 8 00

35. Mares and fillies 1 year old and under 2—

(1) J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, 111 10 00

CLASS V— Light Harness Horses.
(G. W. Bell, Judge.)

36. Stallion 4 years old and over—

(1) S. J. Fleming, Ten-e Haute, Ind $25 00

(2)' A. C. Turner, Oxford, Ohio 15 00

(3) W. A. Jones, Rushville, Ind 10 00

37. Stallion 3 years old and under 4—

(1) M. H. Reardon. Indianapolis, Ind 15 00

(2) A. C. Turner, Oxford, Ohio 10 00

128 BOARD OF AGRICU:j.TUKE.

38. Stallion 2 years old and under 3—

(1) J. H. Parkhurst & Co., Indianapolis, Ind 12 00

(2) J. R. Peak & Son, Wincliester, 111 8 00

(3) John V. Connoly, Madison, Ind 5 00

39. Stallion 1 year old and under 2—

(1) Will Dagler, RushvUle, Ind 10 00

(2) F. M. Rotler, Indianapolis, Ind 6 00

(3) A. C. Turner, Oxford, Ohio 4 00

40. Stallion showing 4 best colts under 4 years old—

(1) J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, 111 25 00

(2) A. C. Turner, Oxford, Ohio 15 00

MAHES AND FILLIES.

41. Four years old and over—

(1) Thompson & Bland, Crawfordsville, Ind ....". 25 00

(2) J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, 111 15 00

(3) M. H. Reardon, Indianapolis, Ind 10 00

42. Three years old and under 4—

(1) J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, 111 15 00

(2) Will Dagler, Rushville, Ind 10 00

(3) A. C. Turner, Oxford, Ohio 6 00

43. Two years old and under 3—

(1) Will Dagler, Rushville, Ind 12 00

(2) Will Dagler, Rushville, Ind 8 00

(3) Frank L. Clark, Indianapolis, lud 5 00

44. One year old and under 2—

(1) Will Dagler, Rushville, Ind 10 00

(2) Will Dagler, Rushville, Ind 6 00

(3) A. C. Turner, Oxford, Ohio 4 00

45. Mare and two of her progeny 3 years old or under—

(1) Will Dagler, Rushville, Ind 25 00

(2) WiU Dagler, Rushville, Ind 15 00

GELDINGS.

46. Four years old and over—

(1) Thompson & Bland, Crawfordsville, Ind 25 00

(2) F. M. Rotler, Indianapolis, Ind » 15 00

(3) W. D. Griffith. Crawfordsville, Ind 10 00

47. Three years old and under 4 —

(1) W. A. Jones, Rushville, Ind 15 00

48. Two years old and under 3—

(1) A. C. Turner, Oxford, Ohio 12 00

ANNUAL MEETING. 129

CLASS VI.— Coach and Carriage Pair, Roadsters and Saddlers.

(G. W. Bell, Judge.)

49. Coach or carriage pair—

(1) M. H. Reardon, Indianapolis, Ind .$30 00

(2) J. Crouch & Son, Lafayette, Ind 20 00

(3) Dr. Q. Van Hummel, Indianapolis, Ind 10 00

50. Single roadster (mare)—

(1) J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, 111 30 00

(2) M. H. Reardon, Indianapolis, Ind 20 00

(3) Thompson & Bland, Crawfordsville, Ind 10 00

51. Single roadster (gelding)—

(1) F. M. Rotler, Indianapolis, Ind 30 00

(2) W. D. Griffith, Crawfordsville, Ind 20 00

(.3) Thompson & Bland, Crawfordsville, Ind 10 00

52. Double roadster—

(1) M. H. Reardon, Indianapolis, Ind 30 00

(2) W. A. Jones, Rushville, Ind 20 00

(3) J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, 111 10 00

53. Saddle stallion—

(1) John V. Connoly, Madison, Ind , 30 00

54. Saddle mare —

(1) John V. Connoly, Madison, Ind 30 00

(2) John V. Connoly, Madison, Ind 10 00

55. Saddle gelding—

(1) John V. Connoly, Madison, Ind 30 00

(2) S. J. Fleming, Terre Haute, Ind 20 00

(3) John V. Connoly, Madison, Ind 10 00

56. Best saddle stallion, mare or gelding—

(1) John V. ConnolJ^ Madison, Ind 50 00

CLASS VII— Ponies (all breeds).
(G. W. Bell, Judge.)

57. Pony 11 hands or under, in single harness —

(1) Russel Brouse, Indianapolis, Ind $10 00

(2) Pat Johnson, Indianapolis, Ind 5 00

58. Pony 11 to 13 hands, in single harness—

(1) Wm. B. Blair, Indianapolis, Ind 10 00

(2) Lafayette Importing Co., Lafayette, Ind 5 00

59. Pony 13 to 14^2 hands, in single harness—

(1) Lew W. Cochran, Crawfordsville, Ind 10 00

9— Agriculture.

130 BOAED OF AGEICULTUEE.

60. Mare and colt—

61. Pair ponies 11 to 13 hands, in harness—

(1) Mrs. K. Pence, Indianapolis, Ind 10 00

(2) Peter Smith & Son, Indianapolis, Ind 5 00

62. Pair ponies 13 to 14i^ hands, in harness—

(1) Lew W. Cochran, Crawfordsville, Ind 10 00

63. Ponies, tandem—

(1) Lew W. Cochran, Crawfordsville, Ind 10 00

(2) Mrs. K. Pence, Indianapolis, Ind 5 00

CLASS VIII— Equipages.

65. Two horses, two-seated equipage—

(1) M. H. Reardon, Indianapolis, Ind $20 00

(2) Thompson & Bland, Crawfordsville, Ind 15 00

(3) J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, 111 10 00

66. One horse, one-seated equipage, for lady —

(1) R. W. Sandford, Whitestown, Ind 15 00

(2) Mrs. Jos. Thorne, Indianapolis, Ind 12 00

(3) M. H. Reardon, Indianapolis, Ind 7 00

07. Vehicle for children—

(1) Lew W. Cochran, Crawfordsville, Ind 15 00

(2) Lafayette Importing Co., Lafayette, Ind 12 00

(3) Chester Balier, Indianapolis, Ind 7 00

CLASS IX— Cattle (Beef Breeds).

SHORTHOKNS.

(Robt. Mitchell, Princeton, Judge.)

08. Bulls 3 years old and over—

(1) J. G. Bobbins & Sons, Horace, Ind $25 00

(2) J. O. Stout, Hollandsburg, Ind 15 00

(3) E. W. Bowen, Delphi, Ind 5 OO

69. Bulls 2 years old and under 3—

(1) Baird Bros., Wallen, Ind 20 00

(2) E. E. Souers, Warren, Ind 10 00

70. Bulls 1 year old and under 2—

(1) J. O. Stout, Hollandsburg, Ind 15 00

(2) Smith & Crane, Ashley, Ind 6 00

(3) J. G. Bobbins & Sons, Horace, Ind 3 00

71. Calf under 1 year —

(1) E'. C. Thompson, Irvington, Ind 8 00

(2) Geo. Harding & Sons, Wauliesha, Wis 3 00

(3) J. G. Robbing & Sons, Horace, Ind 2 00

ANNUAL MEETING. 131

72. Cows and heifers 3 years old and over—

(1) J. G. Robbins & Sons, Horace, Ind 25 00

(2) Geo. Harding & Sons, Waukesha, Wis 15 00

(3) E. W. Bowen, Delphi, Ind 5 00

73. Cows and heifers 2 years old and under 3—

(1) J. G. Robbins & Sons, Horace, Ind 20 00

(2) J. O. Stout, HoUandsburg, Ind 10 00

(3) E. W. Bowen, Delphi, Ind 4 00

74. Cows and heifers 1 year old and under 2—

(1) Geo. Harding & Sons, Waukesha, Wis 15 00

(2) Frank W. Cotton, Manilla, Ind 6 00

(3) J. G. Robbins & Sons, Horace, Ind 3 00

75. Calf under 1 year—

(1) J. G. Robbins & Sons, Horace, Ind 8 00

(2) J. G. Robbins & Sons, Horace, Ind 3 00

(3) George Harding & Sons, Waukesha, Wis 2 00

76. Four animals, either sex, the get of one sire—

(1) J. G. Robbins & Sons, Horace, Ind 20 00

(2) J. O. Stout, HoUandsburg, Ind 10 00

(3) Geo. Harding c^ Sons, Waukesha, Wis 4 00

77. Two animals, either sex, the produce of one cow —

(1) Geo. Harding & Sons, Waukesha, Wis 20 00

(2) J. O. Stout, HoUandsburg, Ind 10 00

(3) Smith & Crane, Ashley, Ind 4 00

78. Exhibitor's herd: One bull two years old or over, one cow

three years old or over, one heifer two years old and under
three, one heifer one year old and under two, and one heifer
calf—

(1) J. G. Robbins & Sons, Horace, Ind 50 00

(2) Geo. Harding & Sons, Horace, Ind 25 00

79. Breeder's herd: One bull under two years old, two heifers

one year old and under two, and two heifer calves, all except
the bull to be bred by the exhibitor-

(1) J. G. RobbiJis & Sons, Horace, Ind 50 00

(2) W. F. Christian & Sons, Indianapolis, Ind 25 00

SWEEPSTAKES.

80. Best bull, any age—

(1) J. G. Robbins & Sons, Horace, Ind 25 00

81. Best cow or heifer, any age —

(1) J. G. Robbins & Sons, Horace, Ind 25 00

132 BOAEB OF AGKICULTUEE,

CLASS X— Special Class for Indiana Shorthorns.

(F. W. Harding, Jndge.)

82. Bull 18 months and under 24—

(1) Smith & Crane, Ashley, Ind $25 00

8.3. Bull 12 months and under IS—

(1) J. G. Bobbins & Sons, Horace, Ind 25 00

(2) J. W. Williams & Sons, Briant, Ind 20 00

(3) J. D. Douglass & Sons, Hope, Ind 15 00

84. Bull 6 months old and under 12—

(1) J. D. Douglass & Sons, Hope, Ind 25 00

(2) R. Leavitt & Sons, Vernon, Ind 20 00

(3) S. R. Quick & Sou, Brooklyn, Ind ^. 15 00

85. Bull under 6 mouths—

(1) J. G. Bobbins & Sons, Horace, Ind 25 00

(2) S. R. Quick & Son, Brooklyn, Ind 20 00

.SO. Heifers 18 months and under 24—

87. Heifers 12 months and under 18—

(1) W. P. Christian & Sons, Indianapolis, Ind 25 00

(2) Frank W. Cotton, Manilla, Ind 20 00

(3) W. F. Christian & Sons, Indianapolis, Ind 15 00

88. Heifers G months and under 12—

(1) E. C. Thompson, Irvington, Ind 25 00

(2) Smith & Crane. Ashley, Ind 20 00

(3) .7. G. Bobbins & Sons, Horace, Ind 15 00

89. Heifers under G months—

(1) J. G. Bobbins & Sons, Horace, Ind 25 00

CLASS XI. Polled Durhams.

(Robt. Mitchell, Princeton, Judge.)

90. Bulls 3 years old and over—
5)1. Bulls 2 years old and under 3—

(1) Fletcher Hines, Malott Park, Ind .$16 00

92. Bulls 1 year old and under 2—

(1) Fletcher Hines. Malott Park, Ind 16 00

93. Coif under 1 year-

CD g. R. Quick & Son, Brooklyn, Ind 10 00

(2) S. R. Quick & Son, Brooklyn, Ind 12 00

(3) S. R. Quick & Son, Brooklyn, Ind 8 00

94. Cows and heifers 3 years old and over —

(1) Fletcher S. fflnes, Malott Park, Ind 16 00

ANNUAL MEETING.

133

95. Cows and heifers 2 years old and under 3—

(1) Fletcher S. Hines, Malott Park, Ind IG 00

(2) Fletcher S. Hines, Malott Park, Ind 12 00

96. Cows and heifers 1 year old and under 2—

(1) Fletcher S. Hines, Malott Park, Ind 10 00

(2) Fletcher S. Hines, Malott Park, Ind 12 00

(.3) Fletcher S. Hines, Malott Park, Ind 8 00

97. Cows and heifers, calf under 1 year —

(1) Fletcher S. Hines, Malott Park, Ind 16 00

(2) Fletcher S. Hines, Malott Park, Ind 12 00

(3) Fletcher S'. Hines, ISfalott Park, Ind 8 00

98. Exhibitor's herd: One bull 3 years old or over, one cow or

heifer 2 years old or over, one heifer 1 year old and under
2, and one heifer under 1 year-
CD Fletcher S. Hines, Malott Park, Ind 16 00

99. Breeder's herd: One bull under 2 years old, two heifers 1

year old and under 2, and two heifers under 1 year —
(1) S. R. Quick & Son, Brooklyn, Ind 16 00

CLASS XII— Herefords.
(Robt. Mitchell, Princeton, Judge.)

100. Bulls 3 years old and over—

(1) Harness & Kirl)y, Galveston, Ind $15 00

101. Bulls 2 years old and under 3—

(1) Harness & Kirby, Galveston, Ind 10 00

(2) J. N. Shirley, Lebanon, Ind 7 00

102. Bulls 1 year old and under 2 —

(1) Harness & Kirby, Galveston, Ind 8 00

(2) H. F. Schnelker, New Haven, Ind 6 00

(3) H. F. Schnelker, New Haven, Ind 3 00

103. Calf under 1 year old-

CD Harness & Kirby, Galveston, Ind 5 00

(2) Harness & Kirby, Galveston, Ind 3 00

(3) J. N. Shirly, Lebanon, Ind 2 00

104. Cows and heifers 3 years old and over-

CD Harness & Kirby, Galveston, Ind 15 00

C2) H. F. Schnelker, New Haven, Ind 10 00

C3) Harness & Kirby, Galveston, Ind 5 00

105. Cows and heifers 2 years old and under 3 —

CD Harness & Kirby, Galveston, Ind 10 00

C2) Harness & Fletcher, Galveston, Ind 7 00

C3) H. F. Schnelker, New Haven, Ind 4 00

134 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

106. Cows and heifers 1 year old and under 2—

(1) H. F. Schnelker, New Haven, Ind 8 00

(2) Harness & Kirby, Galveston, Ind 6 00

(3) J. N. Shirley, Lebanon, Ind 3 00

107. Calf under 1 year old—

(1) H. F. Schnelker, New Haven, Ind 5 00

(2) Harness & Kirby, Galveston, Ind 3 00

(3) H. F. Schnelker, New Haven, Ind 2 00

108. Four animals, either sex, the get of one sire—

(1) H. F. Schnelker, New Haven, Ind 10 00

(2) Harness & Kirby, Galveston, Ind 7 00

109. Two animals, either sex, the produce of one cow—

(1) Harness & Kirby, Galveston, Ind 10 00

(2) Harness & Kirby, Galveston, Ind 7 00

110. Exhibitor's herd: One bull 2 years old or over, one cow

3 years old or over, one heifer 2 years old and under 3, one
heifer 1 year old and under 2, and one heifer calf-
CD Harness & Kirby, Galveston, Ind 20 00

(2) Harness & Kirby, Galveston, Ind 10 00

111. Breeder's herd: One bull under 2 years old, two heifers 1

year old and under 2, and two heifer calves, all except the
bull to be bred by the exhibitor—
(1) Harness & Kirby, Galveston, Ind 20 00

SWEEPSTAKES.

112. Best bull, any age—

(1) Harness & Kirby, Galveston, Ind 25 00

113. Best cow or heifer, any age—

(1) Harness & Kirby, Galveston, Ind 20 00

CLASS XIII— Aberdeen-Angus.
(T. C. Phelps, Judge.)

BULLS.

114. Three years old and over—

(1) A. C. Binnie, Alta, Iowa $15 00

(2) A. W. McHenry, Denisou, Iowa 10 00

(3) D. Bradfute & Son, Cedarville, Ohio 5 00

115. Two years old and under three—

(1) C. H. Gardner, Blandersville, 111 10 00

116. One year old and under two-

CD A. C. Binnie, Alta, Iowa 8 00

(2) A. W. McHenry, Denison, Iowa 00

(3) C. H. Gardner, Blandersville, 111 3 00

ANNUAL MEETING. 135

117. Calf under one year old—

(1) A. W. McHenry, Denison, Iowa 5 00

(2) A. C. Binnie, Alta, Iowa 3 00

(3) D. Bradfute & Son, Cedarville, Ohio 2 00

cows AND HEIFERS.

lis. Three years old and over—

(1) A. W. McHenry, Denison, Iowa 15 00

(2) C. H. Gardner, Blandersville, 111 10 00

(3) A. C. Binnie, Alta, Iowa 5 00

119. Two years old and under three—

(1) A. W. McHenry, Denison, Iowa 10 00

(2) D. Bradfute & Son, Cedarville, Ohio 7 00

(3) A. C. Binnie, Alta, Iowa 4 00

120. One year old and under two—

(1) A. W. McHenry, Denison, Iowa 8 00

(2) A. W. McHenry, Denison, Iowa 6 00

(3) A. C. Binnie, Alta, Iowa 3 00

121. Calf, under one year old—

(1) A. W. McHenry, Denison, Iowa 5 00

(2) C. H. Gardner, Blandersville, lU 3 00

(3) A. C. Binnie, Alta, Iowa 2 00

122. Four animals, either sex, the get of one sire—

(1) A. W. McHenry, Denison, Iowa 10 00

(2) D. Bradfute & Son, Cedarville, Ohio 7 00

(3) A. C. Binnie, Alta, Iowa 5 00

123. Two animals, either sex, the produce of one cow—

(1) C. H. Gardner, Blandersville, 111 10 00

(2) A. W. McHenry, Denison, Iowa 7 00

(3) D. Bradfute & Son, Cedarville, Ohio 5 00

124. -Exhibitor's herd—

(1) A. W. McHenry, Denison, Iowa *20 00

(2) A. C. Binnie, Alta, Iowa 10 00

125. Breeder's herd—

(1) A. W. McHenry, Denison, Iowa 20 00

(2) D. Bradfute & Son, Cedarville, Ohio 10 00

SWEEPSTAKES.

126. Best bull, any age—

(1) C. H. Gardner, Blandersville, 111 20 00

127. Best cow or heifer, any age—

(1) A. W. McHenry, Denison, Iowa 20 00

136 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

CLASS XIV— Galloways.
(T. C. Phelps, Judge.)

BULLS.

136. Three years old and over—

(1) B. H. White, Estherville, Iowa $15 00

(2) Brookside Farm Co., Ft. Wayne, Ind 10 00

(3) James Frantz, Bluffton, Ind 5 00

137. Two years old and under three—

(1) E. H. ■ White, Estherville, Iowa iO 00

(2) Brookside Farm Co., Ft. Wayne, Ind 7 00

(3) E. H. White, Estherville, Iowa 4 00

138. One year old and under two —

(1) James Frantz, Bluffton, Ind 8 00

(2) E. H. White, Estherville, Iowa 6 00

(3) E. H. White, Estherville, Iowa 3 00

139. Calf, under 1 year old— .

(1) Brookside Farm Co., Ft. Wayne, Ind 5 00

(2) E. H. White, Estherville, Iowa 3 00

(3) Brookside Farm Co., Ft. Wayne, Ind 2 00

cows AND HEIFERS.

140. Three j^ears old and over —

(1) James Frantz, Bluffton, Ind 15 00

(2) E. H. White, Estherville, Iowa 10 00

(3) Brookside Farm Co.„ Ft. Wayne, Ind 5 00

141. Two j-ears old and under three-

ID E. H. White, Estherville, Iowa 10 00

(2) Brookside Farm Co., Ft. Wayne, Ind 7 00

, (3) James Frantz, Bluffton, Ind 4 00

142. One year old and under two—

(1) E. H. White, Estherville, Iowa 8 00

(2) E. H. White, Estherville, Iowa 6 00

(3) Brookside Farm Co., Ft. Wayne, Ind 3 00

143. Calf, under one year old—

(1) Brookside Farm Co., Ft. Wayne, Ind 5 00

(2) Brookside Farm Co., Ft. Wayne, Ind 3 00

(3) E. H. White, Estherville, Iowa 2 00

144.— Four animals, either sex, the get of one sire—

(1) E. H. White, Estherville, Iowa 10 00

(2) Brookside Farm Co., Ft. Wayne, Ind 7 00

(3) James Frantz, Bluffton, Ind 4 00

ANNUAL MEETING. 137

145. Two animals, either sex, the produce of one cow—

(1) E. H. White, Estherville, Iowa 10 00

(2) Brooliside Farm Co., Ft. Wayne, lud 7 00

(3) E. H. White, Estherville, Iowa 4 00

146. Exhibitor's herd—

(1) E. H. White, Estherville, Iowa 20 00

(2) Brookside Farm Co., Ft. Wayne, Ind 10 00

147. Breeder's herd—

(1) E. H. White, Estherville, Iowa 20 00

(2) Brookside Farm Co., Ft. Wayne, Ind 10 00

SWEEPSTAKES.

148. Best bnll, any age—

(1) E. H. White, Estherville, Iowa 20 00

149. Best cow or heifer, any age-

CD E. H. White, E.stherville, Iowa 20 00

CLASS XV-Red Polls.
(T. C. Phelps, Judge.)

BULLS.

150. Three years old and over—

151. Two years old and under 3—

(1) J. H. Crowder & Son, Bethany, 111 $7 00

152. One year old and under 2—

(1) J. H. Crowder & Son, Bethauy, 111 5 00

153. Calf under 1 year old—

(1) J. H. Crowder & Son, Bethany, 111 5 00

(2) J. H. Crowder & Son, Bethany, III 3 00

cows AND HEIFERS.

154. Three years old and over—

(1) J. H. Crowder & Son, Bethany, III 10 00

(2) J. H. Crowder & Son, Bethany, 111 5 00

155. Two years old and under 3—

(1) J. H. Crowder & Son, Bethauy, 111 7 00

156. One year old and under 2—

(1) J. H. Crowder & Sou, Bethany, 111 5 00

(2) J. H. Crowder & Son, Bethany, 111 3 00

157. Calf under 1 year old—

(1) J. H. Crowder & Son, Bethany, 111 5 00

(2) J. H. Crowder & Son, Bethany, 111 3 00

138 BOARD OP AGElCULTtrHE.

158. Four animals, either sex, the get of one sire—

(1) J. H. Crowder & Son, Bethany, 111 8 00

(2) J. H. Crowder & Son, Bethany, 111 4 00

160. Exhibitor's herd—

(1) J. H. Crowder & Son, Bethany, 111 10 00

161. Breeder's herd—

(1) J. H. Crowder & Son, Bethany, 111 10 00

SWEEPSTAKES.

162. Best bull, any age —

(1) J. H. Crowder & Son, Bethany, 111 10 00

163. Best cow or heifei-, any age—

(1) J. H. Crowder & Son, Bethany, 111 10 00

CLASS XVI— Open to all Beef Breeds.
(T. C. Phelps and Robt. Mitchell, Judges.)

GKAND SWEEPSTAKES.

164. Best bull, any age or breed—

(1) J. G. Robbins & Sons, Horace, lud $50 00

165. Best cow or heifer, any age or breed—

(1) A. W. McHenry, Denison, Iowa 50 00

CLASS XVII— Cattle (Dairy Breeds).
(W. J. Wright, New Castle, Ind., Judge.)

JEKSEYS.

166. Bull 3 years old and over—

(1) J. E. Robbins, Greensburg, lud. $20 00

167. Bull 2 years old and under 3—

(1) J. E. Robbins, Greensburg, Ind 15 00

168. Bull 1 year old and under 2—

(1) J. E. Robbins, Greensburg, Ind 10 00

(2) J. E. Robbins, Greensburg, Ind 7 00

169. Calf under 1 year old—

(1) J. E. Robbins, Greensburg, Ind 7 00

(2) D. F. Lee, Zionsville, Ind 5 00

170. Cows and heifers 3 years old and over—

(1) J. B. Robbins, Greensburg, Ind 20 00

(2) J. R Robbins, Greensburg, Ind 12 00

171. Cows and heifers 2 years old and under 3—

(1) J. B. Robbins, Greensburg, Ind 15 00

ANNUA!. MEETING. 139

172. Cows and heifers 1 year old and under 2—

(1) J. E. Robbins, Greensburg, Ind 10 00

(2) J. E. Robbins, Greensburg, Ind 7 00

173. Calf under 1 year old—

(1) J. E. Robbins, Greensburg, Ind 7 00

(2) D. F. Lee, Zionsville, lud 5 00

174. Four animals, either sex, the get of one sire —

(1) J. E. Robbins, Greensburg, Ind 15 00

175. Two animals, either sex, the produce of one cow—

(1) J. E. Robbins, Greensburg, Ind 15 00

176. Exhibitor's herd: One bull 2 years old or over, one cow 3

years old or over, one heifer 2 years old and under 3, one
heifer 1 year old and under 2, and one heifer calf—
(1) J. E. Robbins, Greensburg, Ind 25 00

177. Breeder's herd: One bull under 2 years old, two heifers 1

year old and under 2, and two heifer calves, all except the
bull to be bred by the exhibitor—
(1) J. E. Robbins, Greensburg, Ind 25 00

SWEEPSTAKES.

178. Best bull, any age—

(1) J. E. Robbins, Greensburg, Ind 25 00

179. Best cow or heifer, any age—

(1) J. E. Robbins, Greensburg, Ind 25 00

CLASS XVIII— Holstein-Friesian.
(W. J. Wright, New Castle, Ind., Judge.)

180. Bull 3 years old and over—

(1) W. R. Barney & Co., Hampton, la $12 00

181. Bull 2 years old and under 3—

182. Bull 1 year old and under 2—

(1) W. R. Barney & Co., Hampton, la 6 00

183. Calf under 1 year old—

(1) W. R. Barney & Co., Hampton, la 5 00

(2) W. R. Barney & Co., Hampton, la 3 00

184. Cows and heifers 3 years old and over-

CD W. R. Barney & Co., Hampton, la 12 00

(2) W. R. Barney & Co., Hampton, la 8 00

(3) W. R. Barney & Co., Hampton, la 4 00

185. Cows and heifers 2 years old and under 3 —

(1) W. R. Barney & Co., Hampton, la 8 00

(2) W. R. Barney & Co., Hampton, la 6 00

140 BOAIID OF AGRIClJLTUIiE.

ISG. Cows ami heifers 1 year old and under 2—

(1) W. R. Barney & Co., Hampton, la 6 00

(2) AV. R. Barney & Co., Hampton, la 3 00

187. Calf under 1 year old—

(1) W. R. Barney & Co., Hampton, la 5 00

(2) W. R. Barney & Co., Hampton, la 3 00

(3) W. R. Barney & Co., Hampton, la 2 00

188. Four animals, either sex, the get of one sire—

(1) W. R. Barney & Co., Hampton, la 8 00

(2) W. R. Barney & Co., Hampton, la G 00

189. Two animals, either sex, the produce of one cow—

(1) W. R. Barney & Co., Hampton, la 8 00

(2) W. R. Barney & Co., Hampton, la G 00

190. Exhibitor's herd: One bull 2 years old or over, one cow 3

years old or over, one heifer 2 years old and under 3, one
heifer 1 year old and under 2, and one heifer calf—
(1) W. R. Barney & Co., Hampton, la 15 00

191. Breeder's herd: One bull under 2 years old, two heifers 1

year old and under 2, and two heifer calves, all except the
bull to be l)red by the exhibitor—
(1) W. R. Barney & Co., Hampton, la 15 00

SWEEPSTAKES.

192. Best bull, any age-

CD W. R. Barney & Co., Hampton, la 20 00

193. Best cow or heifer, any age-

CD W. R. Barney & Co., Hampton, la 20 00

CLASS XIX— Dutch Belted.

194. Bull 3 years old and over—

195. Bull 2 years old and under 3—

196. Bull 1 year old and under 2—

197. Calf 1 year old—

198. Cows and heifers 3 years old and over—

199. Cows and heifers 2 years old and under 3—

200. Cows and heifers 1 year old and under 2—

201. Calf under 1 ^ear old—

202. Four animals, either sex, the get of one sire—

203. Two animals, either sex, the produce of one cow—

204. Exhibitor's herd: One bull 2 years old or over, one cow 3

years old or over, one heifer 2 years old and under 3, one
heifer 1 year old and under 2, and one heifer calf—

205. Breeder's herd: One bull under 2 years old, two heifers 1

year old and under 2, and two heifer calves, all except the
l)ull to be bred by the exhibitor—

j ANNUAL MEETING. 141

CLASS XX— Ayrshires.
(W. J. Wright, Now Castle, Iiul., .Tuilye.)

2(H). Bulls ,3 years old and over—

(1) M. II. Keardon, City ?12 00

(2) Howard Cook, Beloit, Ohio 8 00

207. Bull 2 years old and under 3 —

(1) Howard Cook, Beloit, Ohio 8 00

(2) McCormick & Edgerly, Tataskla, Ohio G 00

208. Bull 1 year old and under 2^

(1) Howard Cook, Beloit, Ohio G 00

209. Calf under 1 year old-

CD Howard Cook, Beloit, Ohio 5 00

(2) McCormick & Edgerly, Pataskla, Ohio 3 00

(3) Howard Cook, Beloit, Ohio 2 00

210. Cows and heifers 3 years old and over-

CD Howard Cook, Beloit, Ohio 12 00

(2) McCormick & E'dgorly, Tataskla, Ohio 8^0

(3) Howard Cook, Beloit, Ohio 4 00

211. Cows and heifers 2 years old and under 3—

(1) McCormick & PMgerly, Pataskla, Ohio 8 00

(2) Howard Cook, Beloit, Ohio G 00

(.3) Howard Cook, Beloit, Ohio 3 00

212. Cows and heifers 1 year old and under 2—

(1) Howard Cook, Beloit, Ohio 6 00

(2) McCormick & Edgerly, Tataskla, Ohio 3 OO

(3) Howard Cook, Beloit, Ohio 2 00

213. Calf under 1 year old —

(1) Howard Cook, Beloit, Ohio 5 00

(2) McCormick & Edgerly, Pataskla, Ohio 3 00

(.3) Howard Cook, Beloit, Ohio 2 00

214. Four animals, either sex, the get of one sire—

(1) Howard Cook, Beloit, Ohio ". 8 00

(2) Howard Cook, Beloit, Ohio 6 00

215. Two animals, either sex, the produce of one cow —

(1) Howard Cook, Beloit, Ohio 8 00

(2) Howard Cook, Beloit, Ohio G 00

216. Exhibitor's herd: One bull 2 years old or over, one cow 3

years old or over, one heifer 2 years old and imder 3, one
heifer 1 year old and under 2, and one heifer calf—

(1) Howard Cook, Beloit, Ohio 15 00

(2) McCormick & Edgerly, Pataskla, Ohio 10 00

217. Breeder's herd: One l)ull under 2 years old, two heifers 1

year old and under 2-, and two heifer calves, all except the
bull to be bred by the exhibitor—
(1) Howard Cook, Beloit, Ohio .* 15 00

142 BOAKD OF AGRICULTURE.

CLASS XXI— Guernseys.
(W. J. Wright, New Castle, Ind., Judge.)

218. Bull 3 years old and over—

(1) L. V. Axtell, Perry, O $12 00

(2) McCormick & Edgerly, Pataskla, 8 00

(3) L. V. Axtell, Perry, 400

219. Bull 2 years old and under 3—

(1) McCormick & Kdgeriy, Pataskia, 800

(2) L. V. Axtell, Perry, 600

220. Bull 1 year old and under 2—

(1) L. V. Axtell, Perry, 600

(2) McCormick & Edgerly, Pataskla, 300

(3) L. V. Axtell, Perry, 2 0O

221. Calf under 1 year old—

(1) L. V. Axtell, Perry, 500

(2) L. V. Axtell, Perry, 3 00

(3) McCormick & Edgerly, Pataskla, 200

222. Cows and heifers 3 years old and over—

(1) L. V. Axtell, Perry, 12 00

(2) McCormick & Edgerly, Pataskia, 800

(3) L. V. Axtell, Perry, 4 00

223. Cows and heifers 2 years old and under 3—

(1) L. V. Axtell, Perry, 800

(2) McCormick & Edgerly, Pataskia, 600

(3) L. y. Axtell, PeriT, 3 00

224. Cows and heifers 1 year old and under 2—

(1) L. V. Axtell, Perry, 600

(2) McCormick & Edgerly, Pataskla, Ohio 3 00

(3) L. V. Axtell, Perry, 2 00

225. Calf under 1 year old—

(1) L. V. Axtell, Perry, 500

(2) L. V. Axtell, Perry, O 3 00

(3) McCormick & Edgerly, Pataslda, 2 00

226. Four animals, either sex, the get of one sire-

CD L. V. Axtell, Perry, 8 00

(2) McCormick & Edgerly, Pataskla, 600

227. Two animals, either sex, the produce of one cow—

(1) L. V. Axtell, Perry, 800

(2) McCormick & Edgerly, Pataskla, 600

(3) L. V. Axtell, Perry, O 3 00

228. Exhibitor's herd: One bull two years old or over, one cow 3

years old or over, one heifer 2 years old and under 3, one
heifer 1 year old and under 2, and one heifer calf—

(1) L. V. Axtell, Perry, 15 00

(2) McCormick & Edgerly, Pataskla, 10 00

ANNUAL MEETING. 143

229. Breeder's herd: One bull under 2 years old, two heifers 1

year old and under 2, and two heifer calves, all except the
bull to be bred by the exhibitor—

(1) L. V. Axtell, Perry, 15 00

(2) McCormicli & Edgerly, Pataslila, 10 00

SWEEPSTAKES.

230. Best bull, any age—

(1) L. V. Axtell, Perry, 20 00

231. Best cow or heifer, any age—

(1) L. V. Axtell, Perry, 20 00

CLASS XXII— Dairy and Creamery Products.

(B. F. Doolittle, Indianapolis, Judge.)

232. For 30-pound tub creamery butter—

(1) Spiceland Creamery Co., Spiceland, Ind $20 00

(2) Spiceland Creamery Co., Spiceland, Ind 15 00

(3) Perry L. Johnson, Prairie Creeli, Ind 10 00

(4) Perry L. Johnson, Prairie Creek, Ind 5 00

233. For 15-pound tub dairy butter, the product of one herd and

made on the farm—

(1) Peter Raab, Malott Parlj, Ind 12 00

(2) W. G. Bradford, Marion, Ind ' 8 OO

(3) Mrs. Jerome Dunlap, Lafayette, Ind 6 00

(4) Mrs. Bettie Clore, Bargersville, Ind 3 00

234. For five pounds dairy butter in 1-pound prints —

(1) Chas. Lamont, Joppa, Ind 8 00

(2) C. B. Benjamin, Leroy, Ind 6 00

(3) W. G. Bradford, Marion, Ind 4 00

(4) Peter Raab, Malott Park, Ind 2 00

235. For five pounds dairy butter in 1-pound prints, made by for-

mer student of dairy school—

236. For full cream cheese, not less than 30 pounds—

(1) A. E. Helmer, Evans Mills, N. Y 20 00

(2) McCain & Co., Hortonville, Ind 15 00

(3) McCain & Co., Hortonville, Ind 10 00

(4) W. L. McCain, Hortonville, Ind 5 00

237. For cottage cheese, not less than one print, exhibited In stan-

dard jelly glasses—

(1) Mrs. HerYnan Barlow, Greenwood, Ind 3 00

(2) Mrs. Bettie Clore, Bargersville, Ind 2 00

(3) Ada A. Norwood, Southport, Ind 1 00

144 BOkRD OF AGRICULTURE.

CLASS XXIII— Sliropshire Sheep,
(W. H. Beattie and H. W. Gibson, Judges.)

BAMS.

239. One year old or over—

(1) G. Howard Davison, Millbroolv, N. Y $12 00

(2) G. Howard Davison, Millbroolv, N. Y 8 00

(3) I. J. Williams & Sons, Yorktown, Ind 6 00

(4) G. Howard Davison, Millbrook, N. Y 5 00

240. One j'ear old and under 2—

(1) Geo. Allen, Allerton, 111 12 00

(2) G. Howard Davison, Millbrook, N. Y 8 00

(3) Geo. Allen, Allerton, 111 6 00

(4) Geo. Allen, Allerton, 111 5 00

241. Lamb—

(1) Geo. Allen, Allerton, 111 12 00

(2) G. Howard Davison, Millbrook, N. Y 8 00

(3) G. Howard Davison, Millltrook, N. Y 6 00

(4) Geo. Allen, Allerton, 111 5 00

241%. Best pen five rams, any age—

(1) Geo. Allen, Allerton, 111 12 00

(2) G. Howard Davison, I\Iilll)rook, N. Y 8 00

(3) I. J. Williams & Son, Yorktown, Ind 6 00

(4) Wm. Furry & Son, Greeufleld, Ind 5 00

EWES.

242. Two years old or over—

(1) G. Howard Davison, Millbrook, N. Y 12 00

(2) Geo. Allen, Allerton, 111 8 00

(3) Geo. Allen, Allerton, 111 6 00

(4) I. J. Williams & Son, Yorktown, Ind 5 00

243. One year old and under 2—

(1) G. Howard Davison, Millbrook, N. Y 12 00

(2) G. Howard Davison, Millbrook. N. Y 8 00

(.3) G. Howard Davison, Millbrook, N. Y 6 00

(4) Geo. Allen, Allerton, 111 5 00

244. Lamb—

(1) Geo. Allen, Allerton, 111 12 00

(2) Geo. Allen, Allerton, 111 8 00

(3) G. Howard Davison, Millbrook, N. Y 6 00

(4) Geo. Allen, Allerton, 111 5 00

245. Aged flock—

(1) Geo. Allen, Allerton, 111 12 00

(2) G. Howard Davison, Millbrook, N. Y 8 00

(3) I. J. Williams & Son, Yorktown, Ind 6 00

(4) Wm. Axe & Sons, Westchester, Ind 5 00

ANNUAL MEETING. 145

246. Young flock—

(1) Geo. Allen, Alleiton, 111 12 00

(2) G. Howard Davison, Millbrook, N. Y 8 00

(3) Wni. Axe & Sons, Westchester, Ind 6 00

247. Best ram, any age—

(1) Geo. Allen, Allerton, 111 12 00

248. Best ewe, any age—

(1) G. Howard Davison, Millbrook, N. Y 12 00

CLASS XXIV— Oxford Down.
(W.. H. Beattie and W. H. Gibson, Judges.)

EAMS.

249. Two years old or over—

(1) Geo. McKerrow & Sons, Sussex, Wis $10 00

(2) P. J. Stone, Stonington, 111 6 00

(3) Geo. McKerrow & Sons, Sussex, Wis 4 00

250. One year old and under 2 —

(1) Geo. McKerrow & Sons, Sussex, Wis 10 00

(2) Geo. McKerrow & Sons, Sussex, Wis 6 00

(3) P. J. Stone, Stonington, 111 4 00

251. Lamb—

(1) P. J. Stone, Stonington, 111 10 00

(2) P. J. Stone, Stonington, 111 6 00

(3) Wilson Bros., Muncie, Ind 4 00

EWES.

252. Two years old or over —

(1) P. J. Stone, Stonington. Ill 10 00

(2) Geo. McKerrow & Sons, Sussex, Wis 6 00

(3) Geo. McKerrow & Sons, Sussex, Wis 4 00

253. One year old and under 2—

(1) P. J. Stone, Stonington, 111 10 00

(2) Geo. McKerrow & Sons, Sussex, Ind 6 00

(3) Geo. McKerrow & Sons, Sussex, Wis 4 00

254. Lamb—

(1) Geo. McKerrow & Sons, Sussex, Wis 10 00

(2) P. J. Stone, Stonington, 111 6 00

(3) P. J. Stone, Stonington, 111 4 00

FLOCKS.

255. Aged flocks—

(1) P. J. Stone, Stonington. Ill 10 00

(2) Wilson Bros., Muncie, Ind 6 00

(.3) P. J. Stone, Stonington, 111 4 00

10 — Agriculture.

146 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

256. Young flocks—

(1) P. J. Stone, Stonington, 111 10 00

(2) Wilson Bros., Muncie, Ind 6 00

257. Best ram, any age—

(1) Geo. McKerrow & Sons, Sussex, Wis 10 00

258. Best ewe, any age—

(1) P. J. Stone, Stonington, 111 10 00

AMERICAN OXFORD DOWN— SPECIALS.

259. Best yearling ram—

(1) Wilson Bros., Muncie, Ind 6 00

260. Best yearling ewe—

(1) Wilson Bros., Muncie, Ind 6 00

261. Best pen of 4 lambs, either sex—

(1) Wilson Bros., Muncie, Ind 6 00

CLASS XXV— Southdown.
(W. H. Beattie and H. W. Gibson, Judges.)

RAMS.

262. Two years old or over—

(1) Geo. Allen, Allerton, 111 $10 00

(2) Geo. McKerrow & Sons, Sussex, Wis 6 00

(3) Geo. Allen, Allerton, 111 4 00

263. One year old and under 2—

(1) Geo. McKerrow & Sons, Sussex, Wis 10 00

(2) Geo. Allen, Allerton, 111 6 00

(3) Wat Wilson & Sons, Muncie, Ind 4 00

264. Lamb—

(1) Geo. McKerrow & Sons, Sussex, Wis 10 00

(2) Geo. Allen, Allerton, 111 6 00

(3) Geo. McKerrow & Sons, Sussex, Wis 4 00

EWES.

265. Two years old or over—

(1) Geo. McKerrow & Sons, Sussex, Wis 10 00

(2) Geo. Allen, Allerton, 111 6 00

(3) Geo. McKerrow & Sons, Sussex, Wis 4 00

266. One year old and under 2—

(1) Geo. Allen, Allerton, 111 10 00

(2) Geo. McKerrow & Sons, Sussex, Wis 6 00

(3) Geo. Allen, Allerton, 111 4 00

ANNUAL MEETING.

147

267. Lamb—

(1) Geo. Allen, Allerton, 111 10 00

(2) Geo. McKerrow & Sons, Sussex, Wis 6 00

(3) Geo. McKerrow & Sons, Sussex, Wis 4 00

FLOCKS.

268. Aged flock—

(1) Watt Wilson & Son, Muncie, Ind

(2) Watt Wilson & Son, Muncie, Ind

269. Young flock—

(1) Watt Wilson & Son, Muncie, Ind

SWEEPSTAKES.

270. Best ram, any age—

(1) Geo. McKerrow & Sons, Sussex, Wis 10 00

271. Best ewe, any age—

(1) Geo. Allen, Allerton, 111 10 00

CLASS XXVI— Hampshire Down.
(H. W. Gibson, Judge.)

BAMS.

272. Two years old or over—

(1) John Milton, Marshall, Mich $8 00

(2) P. W. Artz, Bentonville, Ind 4 00

(3) P. W. Artz, Bentonville, Ind 2 00

273. One year old and under 2 —

(1) P. W. Artz, Bentonville, Ind 5 00

(2) P. W. Artz, Bentonville, Ind 3 00

(3) P. W. Artz, Bentonville, Ind 2 00

274. Lamb—

(1) P. W. Artz, Bentonville, Ind

(2) P. W. Artz, Bentonville, Ind

(3) P. W. Artz, Bentonville, Ind

EWES.

275. Two years old or over—

(1) P. W. Artz, Bentonville, Ind 8 00

(2) P. W. Artz, Bentonville, Ind 4 00

(3) John Milton, Marshall, Mich 2 00

276. One year old and under 2—

(1) John Milton, Marshall, Mich 5 00

(2) P. W. Artz, Bentonville, Ind 3 00

(3) P. W. Artz, Bentonville, Ind 2 00

148 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

277. Lamb —

(1) John Milton, Marshall. :\Iuh 5 00

(2) P. W. Artz, Bentonville. Ind 3 00

(3) P. W. Artz, Bentonville, Ind 2 00

FLOCKS.

•278. Aged flock—

(1) John Milton, Marshall, :Mich 5 00

(2) P. AV. Artz, Bentonville, Ind 3 00

279. Young flock—

(1) P. W. Artz, Bentonville, Ind 5 00

SWEEPSTAKES.

280. Best ram, any age —

(1) John Milton, Marshall, Mich 5 00

281. Best ewe, any age—

(1) P. W. Artz, Bentonvillt', Ind 5 00

CLASS XXVII Cotswold.

(W. H. Beattie and H. W. (4ihson. Judges.)

282. Ram two years old or over—

(1) Lewis Bros., Camp Point, 111 $10 00

(2) Wilson Bros., Mimcie, Ind 6 00

(3) Geo. Harding & Sous. Waukesha, Wis 4 00

283. One year old and luider 2—

(1) Geo. Harding & Sons. Waukesha, Wis 10 00

(2) Wilson Bros., Mimcie. Ind 6 00

(3) Lewis Bros., Camp Point, 111 4 00

284. Lamb-

(1) Geo. Harding & Sons, AVankesha, AVis 10 00

(2) Geo. Harding & Sons, AA^aukesha. AVis B 00

(3) Geo. Harding & Sons, AA'aukesha, AVis 4 00

EWES.

285. Two years old or over—

(1) Geo. Harding & Sons, AA'aukesha, Wis 10 00

(2) Geo. Harding & Sons, AA'aukesha, Wis 6 00

(3) Wilson Bros. Muncie, Ind 4 00

286. One year old and under 2—

(1) Geo. Harding & Sons, AA^aukesha, AVis 10 00

(2) Geo. Harding & Sons. AA'aukesha, AVis 6 00

(3) Lewis Bros., Camp Point, 111 ,,,.,, 4 00

ANNUAL :MEETING. l-iO

287. Lamb—

(1) Geo. Harding & Sons, Waukesha, Wis 10 00

(2) Lewis Bros., Camp Point. Ill 00

(3) Geo. Harding & Sons, Waukeslia. Wis 4 00

FLOCKS.

288. Aged flock—

(1) Lewis Bros., Camp Point. Ill 10 00

(2) Wilson Bros., Muncie, Ind 6 00

289. Young flock—

(1) Wilson Bros., Muncie, Ind 10 00

(2) Wilson Bros., Muncie, Ind 6 00

(3) Lewis Bros., Camp Point, 111 4 00

SWEEPSTAKKS.

290. Best ram, any age—

(1) Geo. Harding & Sons, Waukesha, Wis 10 00

291. Best ewe, any age —

(1) Geo. Harding & Sons, Waukesha, Wis., 10 00

CLASS XXVIII— Dorsets.

(W. H. Beattie, Judge.)

296. Ram lamb—

(1) W. B. Hale, Geneva. Ind $5 00

EWES.

298. One year old and under 2—

(1) W. B. Hale, Geneva, Ind 5 00

(2) W. B. Hale, Geneva, Ind 3 00

(3) W. B. Hale, Geneva, Ind 2 00

299. Lamb—

(1) W. B. Hale, Geneva, Ind 5 00

(2) W. B. Hale, Geneva. Ind 3 00

(3) W. B. Hale, Geneva, Ind 2 00

CLASS XXIX— Rambouilett.
(U. C. Brouse. Kendallville, Ind., Judge.)

RA.MS.

304. Two years old or over —

(1) Geo. Harding & Sons. Waukesha, Wis $8 00

(2) Geo. Harding & Sons, Waukesha, Wis 4 00

(3) Shaw & Bader, Marits, Ohio 2 00

150 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

305. One year old and under 2—

(1) Geo. Harding & Sons, Waukesha, Wis 8 00

(2) Geo. Harding & Sons, Waulvesba, W^is 3 00

(3) Shaw & Bader, Marits, Ohio 2 00

306. Lamb—

(1) Shaw & Bader, Marits, Ohio 5 00

(2) Shaw & Bader, Marits, Ohio 3 00

(3) Geo. Harding & Sons, Waukesha, Wis 2 00

EWES.

307. Two years old or over—

(1) Geo. Harding & Sous, Waukesha, Wis 8 00

(2) Geo. Harding & Sons, Waukesha, Wis 4 00

(3) Geo. Harding & Sons, Waukesha, Wis 2 00

308. One year old and under 2—

(1) Geo. Harding & Sons, Waukesha, Wis 5 00

(2) Geo. Harding & Sons, Waukesha, Wis 3 00

(3) Geo. Harding & Sons, Waukesha, Wis 2 00

309. Lamb— •

(1) Geo. Harding & Sons, Waulvesba, Wis 5 00

(2) Shaw & Bader, Marits, Ohio 3 00

(3) Geo. Harding & Sons, Waukesha, AVis 2 00

FLOCKS.

310. Aged flocks—

(1) Shaw & Bader, Marits, Ohio 5 00

(2) E. L. Davis, Davisburg, Mich 3 00

311. Young flock—

(1) Shaw & Bader, Marits, Ohio 5 00

(2) E. L. Davis, Davisburg, Mich 3 00

(3) Geo. Harding & Sons, Waukesha, Wis 2 00

SWEEPSTAKES.

312. Best ram, any age—

(1) Geo. Harding & Sons, Waukesha, Wis 5 00

313. Best ewe, any age —

(1) Geo. Harding & Sons, Waukesha, Wis 5 00

CLASS XXX— Fine Wool— American Merino.
(U. C. Brouse, Kendallville, Ind., Judge.)

HAMS.

314. Two years old or over—

(1) R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio $8 00

(2) C. H. Bell, Ashley, Ohio 4 00

(3) R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio 2 00

AITNUAL MEETING. l5l

315. One year old and under 2—

(1) C. H. Bell, Ashley, Ohio 5 00

(2) R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio 3 00

(3) C. H. Bell, Ashley, Ohio 2 00

316. Lamb—

(1) R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio 5 00

(2) C. H. Bell, Ashley, Ohio 3 00

(3) C. H. Bell, Ashley, Ohio 2 00

EWES.

317. Two years old or over—

(1) R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio 8 00

(2) R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio 4 00

(3) 0. H. Bell, Ashley, Ohio 2 00

318. One year old and under 2—

(1) R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio 5 00

(2) R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio 3 00

(3) C. H. Bell, Ashley, Ohio 2 00

319. Lamb—

(1) R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio 5 00

(2) C. H. Bell, Ashley, Ohio 3 00

(3) C. H. Bell, Ashley, Ohio 2 00

FLOCKS.

320. Aged flock—

(1) R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio 5 00

(2) C. H. Bell, Ashley, Ohio 3 00

(3) R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio 2 00

321. Young flocli—

(1) C. H. Bell, Ashley. Ohio 5 00

(2) C. H. Bell, Ashley, Ohio 3 00

SWEEPSTAKES.

322. Best ram, any age—

(1) R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio 5 00

323. Best ewe, any age—

(1) R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio 5 00

CLASS XXXI— Delaine Merinos.
(U. C. Brouse, Kendallville, Ind., Judge.)

RAMS.

324. Two years old or over —

(1) R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio $8 00

(2) C. H. Bell, Ashley, Ohio 4 00

152 BOARD OF AGRICUI.TURE.

325. One year old and under 2—

(1) C. H. Bell, Ashley, Ohio 5 00

(2) C. H. Bell, Ashley, Ohio 3 00

326. Lamb—

(1) R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio 5 00

(2) C. H. Bell, Ashley, Ohio 3 00

(3) C. H. Bell, Ashley, Ohio 2 00

EWES.

327. Two years old or over —

(1) C. H. Bell, Ashley, Ohio 8 00

(2) R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio 4 00

(3) R. D. Williamson, Xenia. Ohio 2 00

328. One year old and under 2 —

(1) R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio 5 00

(2) C. H. Bell, Ashley, Ohio 3 00

(3) R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio 2 OO

329. Lamb—

(1) R. D. Williamsoon, Xenia. Oliio 5 00

(2) R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio 3 00

(3) C. H. Bell, Ashley, Oliio 2 00

FLOCKS.

330. Aged flock—

(1) R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio 5 00

(2) C. H. Bell, Ashley, Ohio 3 00

(3) R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio 2 00

331. Young flock—

(1) R. D. Williamson, Xenia. Ohio 5 00

(2) C. H. Bell, Ashley, Oliio 3 00

(3) C. H. Bell, Ashley, Ohio 2 00

SWEEPSTAKES.

332. Best ram, any age —

(1) R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio 5 00

333.

(1) C. H. Bell, Ashley, Ohio

CI-ASS XXXII— Cheviot.
(W. H. Beattie, Wilton Grove, Ont., .Tudge.)

KAMS.

3.';4 Two years old or ovei' —

(1) F. B. Hartman, Fincastle, Ind $8 00

(2) F. B. Hartman, Fincastle, Ind 4 00

1.3) ''rodian & Gardner, Fincastle, Iiul 2 00

ANNUAL MEETING. 153

335. One year old and undor 2—

(1) F. B. Hartman, Fincastle, Ind 5 00

(2) Crodian & Gardner, Fincastle, Ind 3 00

(3) Crodian & Gardner, Fincastle, Ind 2 00

336. liamb—

(1) F. B. Hartman, Fincastle, Ind 5 00

(2) F. B. Hartman, Fincastle, Ind 3 00

(3) Crodian & Gardner, Fincastle, Ind 2 00

EWES.

337. Two years old or over—

(1) F. B. Hartman, Fincastle, Ind 8 00

(2) Crodian & Gardner, Fincastle, Ind 4 00

(3) Crodian & Hai-tman, Fincastle, Ind 2 00

338. One year old and luider 2—

(1) F. B. Hartman, Fincastle, Ind 5 00

(2) F. B. Hartman, Fincastle, Ind 3 00

(3) Crodian & Hartman, Fincastle, Ind 2 00

339. Lamb—

(1) Crodian & Gardner, Fincastle, Ind 5 00

(2) Crodian & Gardner, Fincastle, Ind 3 00

- (3) F. B. Hartman, Fincastle, Ind 2 00

FLOCKS.

340. Aged flock—

(1) F. B. Hartman, Fincastle, Ind 5 00

(2) Crodian & Gardner, Fincastle, Ind 3 00

(.3) Crodian & Gardner, Fincastle, Ind 2 00

341. Young flock—

(1) F. B. Hartman. Fincastle, Ind 5 00

(2) Crodian & Gardner, Fincastle, Ind 3 00

SWEEPSTAKES.

342. Best ram, any age —

(1) F. B. Hartman, Fincastle, Ind 5 00

343. Best ewe, any age—

(1) F. B. Hartman, Fincastle, Ind 5 00

CLASS XXXIII— Swine.
(O. P. Wolcott, Conover, Ohio, Judge.)

BEEKSHIRE.

344. Boar 2 years old or over—

(1) Thos. Teal & Son, Attica, la $12 00

(2) A. Crawford, Colundius Grove, 8 00

(3) Elliott Bros., Vincennes, Ind 4 00

154 BOARD OF AGEICULTUKE.

345. Boar 1 year old and under 2 —

(1) A. Crawford, Columbus Grove, 10 00

(2) Thos. Teal & Son, Attica, la 7 00

(3) Jas. Riley's Sons, Thorntown, Ind 3 00

346. Boar 6 months old and under 12—

(1) Karl B. Clough, North Amhurst, 8 00

(2) Jas. Riley's Sons, Thorntown, Ind 5 00

(3) Jas. Riley's Sons, Thorntown, Ind 2 00

347. Boar under 6 months—

(1) Jas. Riley's Sons, Thorntown, Ind 8 00

(2) I. N. Barker & Son, Thorntown, Ind 5 00

(3) I. N. Barker & Son, Thorntown, Ind 2 00

348. Sow 2 years old or over —

(1) Thos. Teal & Son, Attica, la 12 00

(2) Thos. Teal & Son, Attica, la 8 00

(3) A. Crawford, Columbus Grove, 4 00

349. Sow 1 year old and under 2 —

(1) A. Crawford, Columbus Grove, 10 00

(2) Thos. Teal & Son, Attica, la 7 00

(3) A. Crawford. Columbus Grove, 3 00

350. Sow 6 months old and under 12—

(1) Karl B. Clough, North Amhurst, 8 00

(2) Karl B. Clough, North Amhurst, 5 00

(3) Karl B. Clough, North Amhurst, O 2 00

351. Sow under G mouths—

(1) I. N. Barker & Son, Thorntown, Ind 8 00

(2) I. N. Barker & Son, Thorntown, Ind 5 00

(3) I. N. Barker & Son, Thorntown, Ind 2 00

352. Boar and 3 sows over 1 year old—

(1) A. Crawford, Columbus Grove, 20 00

(2) Thos. Teal & Son, Attica, la 10 00

353. Boar and 3 sows under 1 year old—

(1) Jas. Riley's Sons, Thorntown, Ind 15 00

(2) I. N. Barker & Son, Thorntown, Ind 10 00

354. Five pigs under 1 year old, the get of one boar or produce of

one sow—

(1) Carl B. Klough, North Amhurst, 12 00

(2) Jas. Riley's Sons, Thorntown, Ind 8 00

355. Five pigs under 6 months old—

(1) I. N. Barker & Son, Thorntown, Ind 12 00

(2) Jas. Riley's Sons, Thorntown, Ind 8 00

356. Pair pigs under 1 year—

(1) Jas. Riley's Sons, Thorntown, Ind 12 00

(2) I. N. Barker & Son, Thorntown, Ind 8 00

ANNUAL MEETING. 155

SWEEPSTAKES.

357. Boar, any age—

(1) A. Crawford, Columbus Grove, 20 00

358. Sow, any age-

CD A. Crawford, Columbus Grove, 20 00

CLASS XXXIV— Poland China.
(Lloyd Mugg, Judge.)

359. Boar 2 years old or over—

(1) W. O. Canady, Frankton, Ind $12 00

(2) Alonzo Graham & Son, Greentown, Ind 8 00

(3) Lindley & Butler, Russiaville, Ind 4 00

300. Boar 1 year old and under 2—

(1) W. O. Canady, Frankton, Ind 10 00

(2) Wm. Worl, Hagerstown, Ind 7 00

(3) J. W. Williams & Sons, Briant, Ind 3 00

361. Boar 6 months old and under 12—

(1) Jno. G. Allen, Millville, Ind 8 00

(2) Pumphrey Bros., Burney, Ind 5 00

362. Under 6 months—

(1) W. C. Williams & Co., Knightstown, Ind 8 00

(2) W. O. Canady, Frankton, Ind 5 00

(3) W. A. Smiley & Son, Judson, Ind 2 00

364. Sow 2 years old or over—

(1) Lucien Arbuckle, Hope, Ind 12 00

(2) R. L. Bratton, New Ross, Ind 8 00

(3) Lindley & Butler. Russiaville, Ind 4 00

364%. Sow 1 year old and under 2—

(1) Lucien Arbuckle, Hope, Ind 10 00

(2) R. L. Bratton, New Ross, Ind 7 00

(3) Lindley & Butler, Russiaville, Ind 3 00

365. Sow 6 months old and under 12—

(1) Lucien Arbuckle, Hope, Ind 8 00

(2) Alonzo Graham & Son, Greentown, Ind 5 00

(3) F. Gartin & Sons, Burney, Ind 2 00

366. Under 6 months—

(1) Mavis Bros., Edgerton, O . 8 00

(2) Mavis Bros., Edgerton, 5 00

(3) W. C. Williams & Co., Knightstown, Ind 2 00

367. Boar and 3 sows over 1 year—

(1) W. O. Canady, Frankton, Ind 20 00

(2) Lindley & Butler, Russiaville, Ind 10 00

156 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

368. Boar and 3 sows under 1 year— •

(1) Mavis Bros., Edgerton, 15 00

(2) Pumphrey Bros., Bnnipy, Ind 10 00

369. Five pigs under 1 year old, the get of one boar or produce of

one sow—

(1) Mavis Bros., Edgerton, 12 00

(2) A. S. Gilmour, Greensburg, Ind 8 00

370. Five pigs under G months old—

(1) Mavis Bros., Edgerton, 12 00

(2) W. C. Williams & Co., Knightstown. Ind 8 00

371. Pair pigs under 1 year old—

(1) Mavis Bros., Edgerton, 12 00

(2) A. S. Gilmour, Greensburg, Ind 8 00

SWEEPSTAKES.

372. Boar, any age —

(1) W. O. Canady, Frankton, Ind 20 00

373. Sow, any age—

(1) Lucien Arbuckle, Hope. Ind 20 00

CLASS XXXV— Chester White, Victoria, Cheshire and Large Yorkshire.

(Adam F. May, .Judge.)

374. Boar 2 years old or over—

(1) .T. Gibson & Son, Muncie. Ind $12 00

(2) Dorsey Bros., Perry, Ind 8 00

(3) Hinshaw Bros., Zionsville, Ind 4 00

375. Boar 1 year old and under 2 —

(1) M. E. Newburn, Hennepin, 111 10 00

(2) Hinshaw Bros., Zionsville, Ind 7 00

(3) Geo. Ineichen, Celina, 3 00

376. Boar 6 months old and under 12—

(1) Dorsey Bros., Perry, Ind 8 00

(2) Warren W. Trout, Greenwood, Ind 5 00

(3) J. Gibson & Son, Muncie, Ind 2 00

377. Under 6 months—

(1) J. Gibson & Son, Muncie, Ind 8 00

(2) Hinshaw Bros., Zionsville, Ind 5 00

(3) Geo. Ineichen. Celina, 2 00

378. Sow 2 years old or over—

(1) M. E. Newburn, Hennepin, 111 12 00

(2) Warren W. Trout, Greenwood, Ind 8 00

(.'{) M. E. NeAvburn, Hennepin, 111 4 00

ANNUAL MEETING. 157

379. Sow 1 year old and under 2—

(1) M. E. Newburn, Hennepin, 111 10 00

(2) M. E. Newburn, Hennepin, 111 7 00

(3) Geo. Ineichen, Celina, 3 00

380. Sow 6 montlis old and under 12—

(1) Dorsey Bros., Perry, Ind 8 00

(2) J. Gibson & Sou, Muncie, Ind 5 00

(3) Warren W. Trout, Greenwood, Ind 2 00

381. Under 6 months—

(1) Geo. Ineichen, Celina, 8 00

(2) W. W. Milner & Son, Thorntowu, Ind 5 00

(3) Geo. Ineichen, Celina, 2 00

382. Boar and 3 sows over 1 year—

(1) M. E. Newburn, Hennepin, 111 20 00

(2) J. Gibson & Sou, Muncie, Ind 10 00

383. Boar and 3 soavs under 1 year—

(1) Dorsey Bros., Perry, Ind 15 00

(2) J. Gibson & Son, Muncie, Ind 10 00

384.' Five pigs under 1 year old, the get of one boar or produce of

one sow—

(1) W. W. Milner & Son, Thorntowu, Ind 12 00

(2) Geo. Ineichen, Celina, 8 00

385. Five pigs under 6 mouths old—

(1) W. W. Milner & Son, Thorntowu, Ind 12 00

(2) Geo. Ineichen, Celina, 8 00

38(5. Pair pigs under 1 year old— ,

(1) Dorsey Bros.," Perry, Ind 12 00

(2) Hinshaw Bros., Zionsville, Ind 8 00

SWEEPSTAKES.

387. Boar, any age—

(1) J. Gibson & Son, Muncie, Ind 20 00

388. Sow, any age—

(1) M. E. Newburn, Hennepin, 111 20 00

CLASS XXXVI— DorcoJersey, Tamworth and Thin-Rind.
(Allen Beeler, Judge.)

389. Boar 2 years old or over—

(1) Geo. W. Trone & Sons, Rushville, Ind .$12 00

(2) J. B. Hilligoss. Florida, Ind 8 00

(3) N. B. Cutler. Carthage, 111 4 00

390. Boar 1 year old and under 2—

(1) N. B. Cutler, Carthage, 111 10 00

(2) O. Walter & Co., Lebanon, 700

(3) Geo. W. Trone & Sons, Rushville, Ind 3 00

158 BOAED OF AGEICULTUEE.

391. Six months old and under 12—

(1) O. Walter & Co., Lebanon, 8 00

(2) C. L. Clancy & Co., Indianaiwlis, Ind 5 00

(3) O. Walter & Co., Lebanon, 200

392. Under 6 months—

(1) O. Walter & Co., Lebanon, 8 00

(2) N. B. Cutler, Carthage, 111 5 00

(3) J. B. Hilligoss, Florida, Ind 2 00

393. .Sow 2 years old or over—

(1) Geo. W. Trone & Sons, Rushville, Ind 12 00

(2) O. Walter & Co., Lebanon, 8 00

(3) N. B. Cutler, Carthage, 111 4 00

394. Sow 1 year old and under 2—

(1) O. Walter & Co., Lebanon, 10 00

(2) O. Walter & Co., Lebanon, 7 00

(3) N. B. Cutler, Carthage, 111 3 00

395. Six months old and under 12—

(1) O. Walter & Co., Lebanon, 8 00

(2) O. Walter & Co., Lebanon, 5 00

(3) N. B. Cutler, Carthage, 111 2 00

396. Under 6 months—

(1) J. B. Hilligoss, Florida, Ind 8 00

(2) N. B. Cutler, Carthage, 111 5 00

(3) N. B. Cutler, Carthage, 111 2 00

HERDS.

397. Boar and 3 sows over 1 year-

(1) Geo. W. Trone «& Sons, Rushville, Ind 20 00

(2) O. Walter & Co., Lebanon, 10 00

398. Boar and 3 sows under 1 yeai'—

(1) O. Walter & Co.. Lebanon, 15 00

(2) Geo. W. Trone & Sons, Rushville, Ind 10 00

399. Five pigs under 1 year, the get of one boar or produce of one

sow—

(1) O. Walter & Co., Lebanon, 12 00

(2) J. B. Hilligoss, Florida, Ind 8 00

400. Five pigs under 6 months—

(1) J. B. Hilligoss, Florida, Ind 12 00

(2) J. B. Hilligoss, Florida, Ind 8 00

401. Pair pigs under 1 year old—

(1) O. Walter & Co., Lebanon, 12 00

(2) O. Walter & Co., Lebanon, 8 00

ANNUAL, MEETING. 159

SWEEPSTAKES.

402. Boar, any age—

(1) Geo. W. Trone & Sons, Rushville, Ind ^0 00

403. Sow, any age—

(1) O. Walter & Co., Lebanon, 20 00

CLASS XXXVII— Essex.
(Adam F. May, Judge.)

BOABS.

404. Two years old or over—

(1) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind $5 00

(2) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 3 00

405. One year old and under 2—

(1) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 4 00

406. Six months old and under 12—

(1) A. C. Green & Sous, Winchester, Ind 3 00

(2) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 2 00

407. Under 6 months—

(1) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 3 00

(2) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 2 00

sows.

408. Two years old or over—

(1) A. 0. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 5 00

409. One year old and under 2 —

(1) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 4 00

(2) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 2 00

410. Six months old and under 12—

(1) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 3 00

(2) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 2 00

411. Under 6 months—

(1) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 3 00

(2) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 2 00

HEEDS,

412. Boar and 3 sows over 1 year—

(1) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 5 00

413. Boar and 3 sows under 1 year—

(1) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 5 00

(2) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 3 00

160 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

414. Five pigs under 1 year, the get of one boar or produce of one

sow —

• (1) A. C. Green & Sons, Wincliester, Ind 4 00

(2) A. C. Green & Sous, Winchester, Ind 2 00

415. Five pigs under 6 months—

(1) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 4 00

(2) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 2 00

416. Tair pigs under 1 year—

(1) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 4 00

(2) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 2 00

CLASS XXXVIII-Suffollv.
(Adam F. May, Judge.)

BOABS.

417. Two years old or over—

(1) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind $5 00

(2) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 3 00

418. One year old and under 2—

(1) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 4 00

419. Six months old and under 12—

(1) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, lud 3 00

(2) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 2 00

420. Under 6 months—

(1) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 3 00

(2) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 2 00

sows.

421. Two years old or over—

(1) A. 0. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 5 00

(2) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 3 00

422. One year old and luider 2—

(1) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 4 00

(2) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 2 00

423. Six months old and under 12—

(1) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 3 00

424. Under G months—

(1) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 3 00

(2) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 2 00

HERDS.

425. Boar and 3 sows over 1 year—

(1) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind . .' 5 00

42G. Boar and 3 sows under 1 year—

(1) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 5 00

(2) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 3 00

ANNUAL MEETING. 161

427. Five pigs under 1 year, the get of one boar or produce of one

sow —

(1) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 4 00

(2) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 2 00

428. Five pigs under 6 months—

(1) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 4 00

(2) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 2 00

429. Pair pigs under 1 year old—

(1) A. C. Green & Sous, Winchester, Ind 4 00

(2) A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 2 00

CLASS XXXIX— Small Yorkshire.
(Adam F. May, Judge.)

BOAKS.

430. Two years old or over—

(1) J. L. McMurray, California, Mich $5 00

431. One year old and under 2—

(1) J. L. McMurray, California, Mich 5 00

432. Six months and under 12—

(1) J. L. McMurray, California, Mich 3 00

(2) J. L. McMurray, California, Mich 2 00

433. Under 6 months—

(1) J. L. McMurray, California, Mich 3 00

(2) J. L. McMurray, California, Mich 2 00

sows.

434. Two years old or over-

(1) J. L. McMurray, California, Mich \ .. . 5 00

(2) J. L. McMurray, California, Mich 3 00

435. One year old and under 2—

(1) J. L. McMurray, California, Mich 4 00

(2) J. L. McMurray, California, Mich 2 00

436. Six months and under 12—

(1) J. L. McMurray, California, Mich 3 00

(2) J. L. McMurray, California, Mich 2 00

437. Under 6 months—

(1) J. L. McMurray, California, Mich 3 00

(2) J. L. McMurray, California, Mich 2 00

HERDS.

438. Boar and 3 sows over 1 year—

(1) J. L. McMurray, California, Mich 5 00

439. Boar and 3 sows under 1 year—

(1) J. L. McMurray, California, Mich 5 00

(2) J. L. McMurray, California, Mich

11— Agriculture.
■i

162 BOARD OI* AGMCULTURE.

440. Five pigs under 1 year, the get of one boar or produce of one

sow—

(1) J. L. McMurray, California, Mich 4 00

(2) J. L. McMurray, California, Mich 2 00

441. Five pigs under 6 months—

(1) J. L. McMurray, California, Mich 4 00

442. Pair pigs under 1 year—

(1) J. L. McMurray, California, Mich 4 00

(2) J, L. McMurray, California, Mich 2 00

CLASS XL— Poultry.

POULTRY.

(Ben S. Myers, Crawfordsville, Ind.; Robert Halte, Ovrensboro, Ky.; H. B.
Miller, Nashville, Ind., and R. E. Jones, Flat Rock, Ind., Judges.)

ASIATICS.

443. Light Brahma cock—

(1) Frank P. Johnson, Rowland, Ind $3 00

(2) B. F. Duncan, Greenfield, Ind 1 50

444. Light Brahma hen—

(1) J. P. Painter, Middletown, Ind 3 00

(2) J. C. Fichel & Son, Hope, Ind 1 50

445. Light Brahma cockerel—

(1) J. C. Fishel & Son, Hope, Ind 3 00

(2) J. C. Fishel & Son, Hope, Ind 1 50

446. Light Brahma pullet—

(1) Frank P. Johnson, Howland. Ind 3 00

(2) J. C. Fishel & Son, Hope, Ind 1 50

447. Light Brahma pen—

(1) J. C. Fishel & Son, Hope, Ind 5 00

(2) Frank P. Johnson, Howland, Ind 3 00

448. Dark Brahma cock —

(1) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 1 50

(2) J. H. Evan, Greenfield, Ind 75

449. Dark Brahma hen—

(1) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 1 50

(2) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 75

450. Dark Brahma cockerel —

(1) Warbritton Bros., Ladoga, Ind 1 50

(2) T. H. Buck, Morristown, Ind 75

451. Dark Brahma pullet—

(1) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 1 50

(2) T. H. Buck, Morristown, Ind 75

ANNUAL MEETING. 163

452. Dark Brahma pen—

(1) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, O 4 00

(2) Warbritton Bros., Ladoga, Ind 2 00

453. •Buff Cochin cock—

(1) J. J. Van Winkle, Mechanicsburg, Ind 3 00

(2) Warbritton Bros., Ladoga, Ind 1 50

454. Buff Cochin hen—

(1) Warbritton Bros., Ladoga, Ind 3 00

(2) J. J. Burnside, Milligan, Ind 1 50

455. Buff Cochin cockerel—

(1) Jno. E. Walker, Martinsville, Ind 3 00

(2) John E. Walker, Martinsville, Ind 1 50

456. Buff Cochin pullet—

(1) Jno. E. Walker, Martinsville, Ind 3 00

(2) Warbritton Bros., Ladoga, Ind 1 50

457. Buff Cochin pen—

(1) John E. Walker, Martinsville, Ind 4 00

(2) J. J. Van Winkle, Mechanicsburg, Ind 2 00

458. White Cochin cock—

(1) W. O. Swain, Manilla, Ind 1 50

(2) Warbritton Bros., Ladoga, Ind 75

459. White Cochin hen—

(1) Warbritton Bros., Ladoga, Ind 1 50

(2) F. M. Meloy, Shelbyville, Ind 75

460. White Cochin cockerel—

(1) W. O. Swain, Manilla, Ind 1 50

(2) Warbritton Bros., Ladoga, Ind. 75

461. White Cochin pullet—

(1) Warbritton Bros., Ladoga, Ind 1 50

(2) Warbritton Bros., Ladoga, Ind 75

462. White Cochin pen—

(1) Warbritton Bros., Ladoga, Ind 4 00

(2) W. O. Swain, Manilla, Ind 2 00

463. Black Cochin cock—

(1) Warbritton Bros., Ladoga, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. R. W. Williams, City 75

464. Black Cochin hen—

(1) E. E. Souers, Warren, Ind 1 50

(2) E. E. Souers, Warren, Ind 75

465. Black Cochin cockerel —

(1) B. F. Duncan, Greenfield, Ind 1 50

(2) E. E. Souers, Warren, Ind 75

466. Black Cochin pullet—

(1) Warbritton Bros., Ladoga, Ind. 1 50

(2) E. E. Souers, Warren, Ind •. 75

164: BOARD OF AGEICULTURE.

467. Black Cochin pen—

(1) Warbritton Bros., Ladoga, Ind 4 00

(2) E. E. Souers, Warren, Ind 2 00

468. Partridge Cochin cock—

(1) Warbritton Bros., Ladoga, Ind 3 00

(2) B. F. Duncan, Greenfield, Ind 1 50

469. Partridge Cochin hen—

(1) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 3 00

(2) B. F. Duncan, Greenfield, Ind 1 50

470. Partridge Cochin cockerel—

(1) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 3 00

(2) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 1 50

471. Partridge Cochin pullet—

(1) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 3 00

(2) Warbritton Bros., Ladoga, Ind 1 50

472. Partridge Cochin pen—

(1) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 4 00

(2) Warbritton Bros., Ladoga, Ind 2 00

473. Black Langshan cock—

(1) G. W. Wilkins, New Lancaster, Ind 3 00

(2) J. A. Horning, Shelbyville, Ind 1 50

474. Black Langshan hen—

(1) G. W. Wilkins, New Lancaster, Ind 3 00

(2) .7. H. Evan, Greenfield, Ind 1 50

475. Black Langshan cockerel—

(1) Lora C. Hoss, Kokomo, Ind 3 00

(2) Lora C. Hoss, Kokomo, Ind 1 50

476. Black Langshan pullet—

(1) Lora C. Hoss, Kokomo, Ind 3 00

(2) Lora C. Hoss, Kokomo, Ind 1 50

477. Black Langshan pen —

(1) G. W. Wilkins, New Lancaster, Ind 5 00

(2) Lora C. Hoss, Kokomo, Ind. 3 00

478. White Langshan cock—

(1) F. M. Smiley & Son, Milligan, Ind 1 50

(2) T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind 75

479. White Langshan hen—

(1) F. M. Smiley & Son, Milligan, Ind 1 50

(2) F. M. Smiley & Son, Milligan, Ind 75

480. White Langshan cockerel—

(1) F. M. Smiley & Son, Milligan, Ind 1 50

(2) T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind 75

481. White Langshan pullet—

(1) F. M. Smiley & Son, Milligan, Ind 1 50

(2) F. M. Smiley & Son, Milligan, Ind 75

ANNUAL MEETING. 165

482. White Langslian pen—

(1) F. M. Smiley & Sou, Milligan, lud 4 00

(2) T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind 2 00

■

AMERICAN.

483. Barred Plymouth Rock cock—

(1) Geo. Muck, Edinburg, Ind 3 00

(2) Geo. Muck, Edinburg, Ind 1 50

484. Barred Plymouth Rock hen—

(1) Geo. Muck, Edinburg, Ind 3 00

(2) W. O. Swain, Manilla, Ind 1 50

485. ' Barred Plymouth Rock cockerel—

(1) Geo. Muck, Edinburg, Ind 3 00

(2) Geo. Muck, Edinburg, Ind 1 50

486. Barred Plymouth Rock pullet—

(1) E. B. Murphy, Carmel, Ind 3 00

(2) Collins Bros., Bainbridge, Ind 1 50

487. Barred Plymouth Rock pen—

(1) Geo. Muck, Edinburg, Ind 5 00

(2) Geo. Muck, Edinburg, Ind 3 00

488. White Plymouth Rock cock—

(1) Wm. Grose, Middletown, Ind 3 00

(2) Henry C. Forgey, Crawf ordsville, Ind 1 50

489. White Plymouth Rock hen—

(1) Collins Bros., Bainbridge, Ind 3 00

(2) Wm. Grose, Middletown, Ind 1 50

490. White Plymouth Rock cockerel—

(1) J. R. Matthew, Boggstown, Ind 3 00

(2) J. R. Matthew, Boggstown, Ind 1 50

491. White Plymouth Rock pullet—

(1) E. B. Murphy, Carmel, Ind 3 00

(2) E. B. Murphy, Carmel, Ind 1 50

492. White Plymouth Rock pen—

(1) E. B. Murphy, Carmel, Ind 5 00

(2) J. R. Matthew, Boggstown, Ind 3 00

493. Buff Plymouth Rock cock—

(1) A. L. Weckler, Bunker Hill, Ind 2 00

(2) C. S. Byers, Boggstown, Ind 1 00

494. Buff Plymouth Rock hen—

(1) A. L. Weckler, Bunker Hill, Ind 2 00

(2) A. L. Weckler, Bunker Hill, Ind 1 00

495. Buff Plymouth Rock cockerel—

(!) A. L. Weckler, Bunker Hill, Ind 2 00

(2) A. L. Weckler, Bunker Hill, Ind 1 00

166 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

496. Buff Plymouth Rock pullet—

(1) A. L. Weckler, Bunker Hill, Ind 2 00

(2) E. B. Murphy, Carmel, Ind 1 00

497. Buff Plymouth Rock pen—

(1) A. L. Weckler, Bunker Hill, Ind 4 00

(2) Ed. Carver, Columbia City, Ind 2 00

WYANDOTTES.

498. Buff Wyandotte cock—

(1) Indiana Poultry Farm, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

499. Buff Wyandotte hen—

(1) Indiana Poultry Farm, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

(2) Indiana Poultry Farm, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

500. Buff Wyandotte cockerel—

501. Buff Wyandotte pullet— *

502. Buff Wyandotte pen—

(1) Indiana Poultry Farm, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

503. Silver Wyandotte cock—

(1) F. H. Meloy, Shelbyville, Ind 2 00

504. Silver Wyandotte hen—

(1) Wm. Grose, Middletown, Ind 2 00

(2) F. M. Meloy, Shelbyville, Ind 1 00

505. Silver Wyandotte cockerel—

(1) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 2 00

(2) F. M. Meloy, Shelbyville, Ind 1 00

506. Silver Wyandotte pullet—

(1) Morton Ingalls, Middletown, 2 00

(2) Morton Ingalls, Middletown, 1 00

507. Silver Wyandotte pen—

(1) F. M. Meloy, Shelbyville, Ind 4 00

(2) Morton Ingalls, Middletown, 200

508. Golden Wyandotte cock—

(1) J. J. Burnside, Milligan, Ind 2 00

(2) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 100

509. Golden Wyandotte hen—

(1) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 2 00

(2) Fred D. Sparks, Zionsville, Ind 1 00

510. Golden Wyandotte cockerel—

(1) Fred D. Sparks, Zionsville, Ind 2 00

(2) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 1 00

511. Golden Wyandotte pullet—

(1) J. A. Horning, Shelbyville, Ind 2 00

(2) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, O...... 100

ANNUAL MEETING. 167

512. Golden Wyandotte pen—

(1) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 4 00

(2) Fred D. Sparks, Zionsville, Ind 2 00

513. White Wyandotte cock—

(1) Chai'les V. Keeler, Winamac, Ind 2 00

(2) J. J. Burnside, Milligan, Ind 1 00

514. White Wyandotte hen—

(1) C. H. Bell, Ashley, 2 00

(1) Charles V. Keeler, Winamac, Ind 1 00

515. White Wyandotte cockerel—

(1) Charles V. Keeler, Winamac, Ind 2 00

(2) C. H. Bell, Ashley, O ] 00

516. White Wyandotte pullet—

(1) J. J. Burnside, Milligan, Ind 2 00

(2) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 100

517. White Wyandotte pen—

(1) Charles V. Keelei-, Winamac, Ind 4 00

(2) C. H. Bell, Ashley, 2 00

LEGHORNS.

518. S'. C. White Leghorn cock—

(1) James L. Wood, Ehvood, Ind 2 00

(2) B. F. Hill, Indianapolis, Ind 1 0(J

519. S. C. White Leghorn hen—

(1) James L. Wood, Elwood, Ind 2 00

(2) James L. Wood, Elwood, Ind 1 00

520. S. C. White Leghorn cockerel—

(1) W. O. Swain, Manilla, Ind 2 00

(2) J. J. Van Winkle, Mechanicsburg, Ind 1 00

521. S. C. White Leghorn pullet-

CD W. O. Swain. Manilla, Ind 2 00

(2) W. O. Swain, Manilla, Ind 1 00

522. S. C. White Leghorn pen—

(1) James L. Wood, Elwood, Ind 4 00

(2) W. O. Swain, Manilla. Ind 2 00

523. R. C. White Leghorn cock-

(1) F. N. Smiley & Son, Milligan, Ind ". . 1 50

(2) AV. O. Swain, Manilla, Ind 75

524. R. C. White Leghorn hen—

(1) F. N. Smiley & Son, Milligan, Ind 1 50

(2) F. N. Smiley & Son, Milligan, Ind 75

525. R. C. White Leghorn cockerel—

(1) W. O. Swain, Manilla, Ind 1 50

(2) C, E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 7^

168 BOARD OF AGEICULTUKE.

526. R. C. White Leghorn pullet—

(1) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 200

(2) W. O. Swain, Manilla, Ind 1 00

527. R. G. White Leghorn pen—

(1) P. N. Smiley & Son, Milligan, Ind 4 00

(2) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 2 00

528. S. C. Brown Leghorn cock—

(1) J. J. Burnside, Milligan, Ind 2 00

(2) W. O. Swain, Manilla, Ind 1 00

529. S. C. Brown Leghorn hen—

(1) J. J. Burnside, Milligan, Ind 2 00

(2) E. B. Murphy, Carmel, Ind 1 "00

530. S. C. Brown Leghorn cockerel—

(1) E. B. Murphy, Carmel, Ind 2 00

(2) E. B. MuiiDhy, Carmel, Ind 1 00

531. S'. C. Brown Leghorn pullet—

(1) E. B. Murphy, Carmel, Ind 2 00

(2) E. B. Murphy, Carmel, Ind 1 00

532. S. C. Brown Leghorn pen—

(1) E. B. Murphy, Carmel, Ind 4 00

(2) J. J. Burnside, Milligan, Ind 2 00

533. R. C. Brown Leghorn cock—

(1) F. N. Smiley & Son, Milligan, Ind 1 50

(2) F. N. Smiley & Son, Milligan, Ind 75

534. R. C. Brown Leghorn hen—

(1) F. N. Smiley & Son, Milligan, Ind 1 50

(2) F. N. Smiley & Son, Milligan, Ind ^ 75

535. R. C. Brown Leghorn cockerel-

CD C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 1 50

(2) Collins Bros., Bainbridge, Ind 75

536. R. C. Brown Leghorn pullet—

(1) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 1 50

(2) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 75

537. R. C. Brown Leghorn pen—

(1) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 4 00

(2) F. N. Smiley & Son, Milligan, Ind 2 00

538. S. C. Buff Leghorn cock—

(1) C. H. Bell, Ashley, 1 50

539. S. C. Buff Leghorn hen—

(1) C. H. Bell, Ashley, 1 50

(2) C. H. Bell, Ashley, O 75

540. S. C. Buff Leghorn cockerel—

(1) C. H. Bell, Ashley, O ". 1 50

(2) C. H. Bell, Ashley, 75

AK^NUAL MEETING. 169

541. S. C. Buff Leghorn pullet—

(1) C. H. Bell, Ashley, 1 50

(2) C. H. Bell, Ashley, O 75

542. S. C. Buff Leghorn pen-

ID C. H. Bell, Ashley, O 4 00

HOUDANS.

54.3. Houdan cock—

(1) T. H. Buck, Monlstown, Ind 2 00

(2) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 1 00

544. Houdan hen—

(1) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 2 00

(2) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 1 00

545. Houdan cockerel—

(1) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 2 00

546. Houdan pullet —

(1) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 2 00

547. Houdan pen—

(1) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 4 00

(2) T. H. Buck, Morristown, Ind 2 00

BLACK SPANISH.

548. Black Spanish cock—

(1) A. M. Acra, Burlington, Ky 2 00

(2) A. M. Acra, Burlington, Ky 1 00

549. Black Spanish hen—

(1) J. H. Evan, Greenfield, Ind 2 00

(2) George Ewald, Cincinnati, 100

550. Black Spanish cockerel—

(1) A. M. Acra, Burlington, Ky 2 00

(2) J. H. Evan, Greenfield, Ind 1 00

551. Black Spanish pullet—

(1) A. M. Acra, Burlington, Ky 2 00

(2) J. H. Evan, Greenfield, Ind 1 00

5.52. Black Spanish pen—

(1) .J. H. E'van, Greenfield, Ind 4 00

(2) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, ( ) 2 00

MINOROAS.

553. Black Minorca cock—

(1) Louis Clem, Bunker Hill, Ind 2 00

(2) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 100

554. Black Minorca hen—

(1) W. O. Swain. Manilla. Ind 2 00

(2) Louis Clem, Bunker Hill, Ind 1 00

170 BOAED OF AGRICULTURE.

555. Black Minorca cockerel—

(1) Louis Clem, Bunker Hill. Ind 2 00

(2) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 100

556. Black Minorca pullet—

(1) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 200

(2) Louis Clem, Bunker Hill, Ind 1 00

557. Black Minorca pen—

(1) Louis Clem, Bunker Hill. Ind 4 00

(2) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 2 00

558. White Minorca cock—

(1) J. J. Buruside, Milligan, Ind 1 50

559. White Minorca hen—

(1) J. J. Buruside, Milligan, Ind 1 50

(2) J. J. Burnside, Milligan, Ind 75

5G0. White Minorca cockerel—

(1) J. J. Burnside, Milligan, Ind 1 50

(2) J. H. Evan, Greenheld, Ind 75

561. White Minorca pullet—

562. White Minorca pen—

(1) J. J. Burnside, Milligan, Ind 4 00

(2) J. H. Evan, Greenfield. Ind 2 00

HAMBUKG.

563. Silver-spangled cock—

(1) B. F. Hill, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

(2) F. N. Smiley & Son, Milligan, Ind. 1 00

564. Silver-spangled hen—

(1) A. M. Acra, Burlington, Ky 2 00

(2) A. M. Acra, Burlington, Ky 1 OO

565. Silver-spangled cockerel—

(1) B. F. Hill, Indianapolis, Ind 2 (10

(2) B. F. Hill, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

560. Silver-spangled pullet—

(1) Henry C. Forgey, Crawfordsville, Ind 3 00

(2) Collins Bros., Bainbridge, Ind 1 00

567. Silver-spangled pen—

(1) B. F. Hill. Indianapolis, Ind 4 OO

(2) F. N. Smiley & Son, Milligan, Ind 3 OO

POLTSH.

568. White-crested Black cock—

(1) George Ewald, Cincinnati. 1 50

(2) T. H. Buck, Morristown. Ind 75

Annua"l meeting. ItI

569. White-crested Black hen—

(1) George Ewald, Cincinnati, 1 50

(2) T. H. Bucli, Morristowu, Ind 75

570. White-crested Black cockerel—

(1) George Ewald, Cincinnati, 1 50

(2) T. H. Buck, Morristown, Ind 75

571. White-crested Black pullet—

(1) George Ewald, Cincinnati, O. 1 50

(2) George Ewald, Cincinnati, O. 75

572. White-crested Black pen—

(1) George Ewald, Cincinnati, O ; 3 00

(2) T. H. Buck, Morristown, Ind 1 .50

573. Silver polish cock —

(1) T. H. Buck, Morristown, Ind 1 50

(2) George Ewald, Cincinnati, 75

574. Silver Polish hen—

(1) T. H. Buck, Morristown, Ind 1 50

(2) T. H. Buck, Morristown, Ind 75

575. Silver Polish cockerel—

(1) George Ewald, Cincinnati, 1 50

(2) T. H. Buck, Morristown, Ind 75

576. Silver Polish pullet—

(1) George Ewald, Cincinnati, 1 50

(2) T. H. Buck, Morristown, Ind 75

577. Silver Polish pen—

(1) T. H. Buck, Morristown, Ind 2 00

(2) George Ewald, Cincinnati, 1 .50

DOKKINGS.

578. Silver Gray cock—

(1) T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind 1 50

(2) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 75

579. Silver Gray hen—

(1) T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind 1 50

(2) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 75

580. Silver Gray cockerel—

(1) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 1 50

(2) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 75

581. Silver Gray pullet—

(1) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 1 50

(2) T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind 75

582. Silver Gray pen—

(1) C. B. & W. Smith, Ashley, 4 00

(2) T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind 2 00

172 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

GAME.

G83. Black-breasted Red cock—

(1) Wesley Lanius, Greensburg. Ind 1 50

(2) Warbritton Bros., Ladoga, Ind 75

584. Black-breasted Red hen—

(1) Wesley Lanius, Greensburg, Ind 1 50

(2) Wesley Lanius, Greensburg, Ind 75

585. Black-breasted Red cockerel—

(1) Wesley Lanius, Greensburg, Ind 1 50

(2) Wesley Lanius, Greensburg, Ind 75

586. Black-breasted Red pullet—

(1) Wesley Lanius, Greensburg, Ind 1 50

(2) Wesley Lanius, Greensburg, Ind 75

587. Black-breasted Red pen —

(1) AVesley Lanius, Greensburg, Ind 3 00

(2) Wesley Lanius, Greensburg, Ind 1 50

588. Indian Game cock—

(1) Wesley Lanius, Greensburg, Ind 1 50

(2) J. H. Evan, Greenfield, Ind 75

589. Indian Game hen—

(1) Wesley Lanius, Greensburg, Ind 1 50

(2) Anscel D. Woods, Louisville, Ky 75

590. Indian Game cockerel—

(1) Wesley Lanius, Greensburg, Ind 1 50

(2) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 75

591. Indian Game pullet—

(1) Wesley Lanius, Greensburg, Ind 1 50

(2) C. E. & W. Smith. Ashley. 75

592. Indian Game pen—

(1) Wesley Lanius, Greensburg, Ind 3 00

(2; C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, O . 1 50

GAME BANTAMS.

593. Black-breasted Red cock—

(1) Nicholas & Hoss, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

(2) George Ewald, Cincinnati, 75

594. Black-breasted Red hen—

(1) George Ewald, Cincinnati, 1 50

(2) J. A. Horning, Shelbyville, Ind 75

595. Black-breasted Red cockerel—

(1) George Ewald, Cincinnati, 1 50

(2) Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind 75

59G. Black-breasted Red pullet—

(1) T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind 1 50

(2) J. A. Horning, Shelbyville, Ind 75

ANNUAL MEETING.

173

597. Black-breasted Red pen—

(1) George Ewald, Cincinnati, 300

(2) Nichlos & Hoss, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

598. Silver Duckwing cock—

(1) George Ewald, Cincinnati, 1 50

(2) J. A. Horning, Shelby ville, Ind 75

599. Silver Dnckwing ben—

(1) George Ewald, Cincinnati, 150

(2) George Ewald, Cincinnati, 75

600. Silver Dnckwing cockerel—

(1) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, 1 50

(2) George Ewald, Cincinnati, 75

601. Silver Dnckwing pnllet—

(1) George Ewald, Cincinnati, 150

(2) George Ewald, Cincinnati, 75

602. Silver Duckwing pen—

(1) George Ewald, Cincinnati, 3 00

(2) B. F. Duncan, Greenfield, Ind 1 50

602. Red Pyle cock—

(1) Geo. Ewald, Cincinnati, Ohio 1 50

(2) Wesley Lanius, Greensbiu'g, Ind 75

604. Red Pyle hen—

(1) Geo. Ewald, Cincinnati, Ohio 1 50

(2) Geo. Ewald, Cincinnati, Ohio 75

605. Red Pyle cockerel—

(1) AVesley Lanius, Greensburg, Ind 1 50

(2) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, Ohio 75

606. Red Pyle pullet—

(1) T. M. Campbell. Darlington, Ind 1 50

(2) T. M. Cranpbell, Darlington, Ind 75

607. Red Pyle pen—

(1) Geo. Ewald, Cincinnati, Ohio 3 00

(2) T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind 1 50

BANTAM OTHER THAN GAME.

608. Golden Seabright cock—

(1) T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind 1 50

(2) T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind 75

609. Golden Seabright hen—

(1) Geo. Ewald, Cincinnati, Ohio 1 50

(2) T. E. & W. Smith. Ashley, Ohio 75

610. Golden Seabright cockerel—

(1) T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. R. W. Williams, Indianapolis, Ind 75

174 BOAED OF AGRICULTUKE.

611. Golden Seabright pullet—

(1) Geo. Ewald, Cineiunati, Ohio 1 50

(2) Mrs. R. W. Williams, Indianapolis, Ind .,, 75

612. Golden Seabright pen—

(1) Geo. Ewald, Cincinnati, Ohio 3 00

(2) T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind 1 50

613. Silver Seabright cock—

(1) Geo. Ewald, Cincinnati, Ohio 1 50

(2) T, M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind 75

614. Silver Seabright hen—

(1) T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind 1 50

(2) T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind 75

615. Silver Seabright cockerel—

(1) Mrs. R. W. Williams, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

616. Silver Seabright pullet—

(1) Mrs. R. W. Williams, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

(2) Geo. Ewald, Cincinnati, Ohio 75

617. Silver Seabright pen —

(1) T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind 3 00

(2) Geo. Ewald, Cincinnati, Ohio 1 50

618. R. C. B. African cock—

(1) Geo. Ewald, Cincinnati, Ohio 1 50

(2) Geo. Ewald, Cincinnati, Ohio 75

619. R. C. B. African hen—

(1) Geo. E'wald, Cincinnati, Ohio 1 50

(2) Geo. Ewald, Cincinnati, Ohio 75

620. R. C. B. African cockerel—

(1) Geo. Ewald, Cincinnati, Ohio 1 50

621. R. C. B. African pullet—

(1) Geo. Ewald, Cincinnati, Ohio 1 50

622. R. C. B. African pen—

(1) Geo. Ewald, Cincinnati, Ohio 3 00

623. Buff Cochin cock—

(1) Geo. E:wald, Cincinnati, Ohio 1 50

(2) W. A. Graffis, Logansport, Ind 75

624. Buff Cochin hen—

(1) Geo. Ewald, Cincinnati, Ohio 150

(2) Geo. Ewald, Cincinnati, Ohio 75

625. Buff Cochin cockerel —

(1) W. A. Graffis, Logansport, Ind 1 50

(2) Wm. Grose, JMiddletowu, Ind 75

626. BufC Cochin pullet—

(1) T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind 1 50

(2) W. A. Graffis, Logansport, Ind 75

ANNUAL MEETING.

175

627. Buff Cochin pen—

(1) Geo. Ewald, Cincinnati, Ohio 3 00

(2) W. A. Gra3is, Logansport, Ind T 50

TURKEYS.

628. Bronze cocli—

(1) G. W. Williins, New Lancaster, Ind 2 00

(2) R. W. Matthew, Boggstown, Ind 1 00

629. Bronze hen—

(1) G. W. Williins, New Lancaster, Ind 2 00

(2) G. W. Wilkins, Boggstown, Ind 1 CO

630. Bronze coclverel—

(1) John Smiley & Son, Milligau, Ind 2 00

(2) C. H. Bell, Ashley, Ohio 1 00

631. Bronze pnllet—

(1) John Smiley & Son, Milligan, Ind 2 00

(2) C. H. Bell, Ashley, Ohio 1 00

632. White Holland cock—

(1) John Smiley & Son, Milligan, Ind 2 00

(2) J. A. Horning, Shelby ville, Ind 1 00

033. White Holland hen—

(1) J. A. Horning, Shelby ville, Ind 2 00

(2) John Smiley & Son, Milligan, Ind 1 00

634. White Holland cockerel—

. (1) John Smiley & Son, Milligan, Ind 2 00

(2) C. H. Bell, Ashley, Ohio 2 00

GEESE.

636. Pair Toulouse, old—

(1) J. A. Horning, Shelbyville, Ind 3 00

637. Pair Toulouse, young—

(1) J. A. Horning, Shelbyville, Ind 3 00

638. Pair Embden, old—

(1) C. H. Bell, Ashley, Ohio 3 00

(2) John Smiley & Son, Milligan, Ind 1 50

639. Pair Embden, young—

(1) C. H. Bell, Ashley, Ohio 3 00

(2) John Smiley & Son, Milligan, Ind 1 50

640. Pair Chinese, old—

(1) B. F. Duncan, Greenfield. Ind 2 00

(2) J. A. Horning, Shelbyville, Ind 1 00

641. Pair Chinese, young—

(1) Lewis Harrison, Broad Ripple, Ind 2 00

176

BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

DUCKS.

642. Pair Pekin, old—

(1) C. E. & W. Smith, Ashley, Ohio 3 00

(2) Indiana Poultry Farm, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

64.3. Pair Pekin, young—

(1) Indiana Poultry Farm, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00

(2) Indiana Poultry Farm, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

644. Pair Aylesbury, old—

(1) T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind 3 00

(2) T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind 2 00

645. Pair Aylesbury, young —

(1) T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind 3 00

(2) T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind 2 00

646. Pair Rouen, old—

(1) C. E. ife W. Smith, Ashley, Ohio 2 00

(2) John Smiley & Son, Milligan, Ind 1 00

647. Pair lioiien, young —

(1) .1. A. Horning, Shelby ville, Ind 2 00

(2) Collins Bros., Bainbridge, Ind 1 00

PIGEONS.

643. Best display, not to be less than 10 pairs of 10 different va-

rieties, all pure bred—

(1) Geo. Ewald, Cincinnati, Ohio 10 00

(2) Geo. Ewald, Cincinnati, Ohio ,5 00

CLASS XLI— Belgian Hares.
(.1. W. Alvis, Indianapolis, .Judge.)

IMPORTED, RUFITS RED.

649. Mature buck—

(1) F. M. Cory, Shelby ville, Ind $3 00

(2) Leroy R. Crampton, Muncie, Ind 2 00

650. Mature doe—

(1) F. M. Cory, Shelbyville, Ind 3 00

(2) C. S. Byers, Hazelrigg. Ind 2 00

(3) Leroy R. Crampton, Muncie, Ind 1 00

651. Immature buck—

652. Immature doe—
65.3. Breeding hutch—

(1) F. M. Cory, Shelbyvjllp, Ind 3 00

ANNUAL MEETING. 177

654. Mature buck—

(1) Edw. A. Ditcrich, Indianapolis, lud 3 00

(2) Hoosier Bel. Hare Co., Indianapolis, Ind 2 (K)

(.3) T. E. Smith, Muncie," Ind 1 UO

G55. Mature doe —

(1) Edw. A. Ditcrich, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00

(2) C. S. Byers, Hazelrigg, Ind 2 00

(3) Hoosier Bel. Hare Co., Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

6oG. Immature buck —

(1) T. E. Smith, Muncie, Ind 3 00

(2) F. M. Cory, Slielbyville, Ind 2 00

(3) T. E. Smith, Muncie, Ind 1 00

657. Immature doe —

(1) T. E. Smith, Muncie, Ind 3 00

(2) F. M. Cory, Shelbyville, Ind 2 W

(3) Edw. A. Ditcrich, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

658. Breeding hutch —

(1) Leroy R. Crampton, Muncie, Ind 3 00

(2) T. E. Smith, Muncie, Ind 2 00

(3) Edw. A. Ditcrich, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

DOMESTIC BLACK.

659. Mature buck—

660. Mature doe—

(1) T. E. Smith, Muncie, Ind 3 00

661. Immature bucli —

(1) T. E. Smith, Muncie, Ind 3 00

(2) Leroy R. Crampton, Muncie, Ind 2 00

062. Immature doe—

(1) T. E. Smith, Muncie, Ind 3 00

(2) Leroy R. Crampton, Muncie, Ind 2 00

<{63. Breeding hutch—

FLEMISH GIANTS.

664. Mature buck—

665. Mature doe—

(1) T. E. Smith, Muncie, Ind 3 00

(2) Leroy R. Crampton, Muncie, Ind 2 00

666. Immature buck—

667. Immature doe—

668. Breeding hutch—

12 — Agriculture.

178 BOARD OF AGKICULTURE.

DOMESTIC WHITE.

0G9. Buck, mature—

670. Buck, immature-

671. Doe, mature —

672. Doe, immature—

673. Breeding liutcli-

CLASS XLII— Agricultural— Grain and Seeds.
(A. D. Sliomel, Urbaua, 111., Judge.)

674. 20 ears yellow corn—

(1) J. R. Talbert, Kokomo, Ind $6 00

675. ■ 20 ears white corn—

676. 20 ears any other variety—

CENTRAL DIVISION OF INDIANA.

677. 20 ears yellow corn —

(1) Henry Benet, Franklin, Ind 6 00

(2) Chas. A. Brown, Franklin, Ind 4 00

(3) Lunis Sanford, Greenfield, Ind 2 00

678. 20 eai'S white corn—

(1) Joe R. Overstreet, Franklin, Ind 6 00

(2) Chas. A. Brown, Franklin, ind 4 00

(3) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 2 00

679. 20 ears of any other variety of corn—

(1) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 6 00

(2) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 4 00

(3) Joe. R. Overstreet, Franklin, Ind .- 2 00

SOUTHERN DIVISION OF INDIANA.

680. 20 ears yellow corn—

(1) Joe. R. Overstreet, Franklin, Ind 6 00

681. 20 ears white corn—

(1) Joe. R. Overstreet, Franklin, Ind 6 00

683. 20 ears of any other variety of corn—

(1) 6 00

(2) 4 00

(3) 2 00

OPEN TO THE WORLD.

683. 20 ears yellow corn—

(1) L. B. Clore, Franklin. Ind 6 00

(2) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 4 00

(8) Chas. A. Brown, Franklin, Ind 2 00

ANNUAL MEETING. lY9

684. 20 ears white corn—

(1) Joe R. Overstreet, Franklin, Ind 6 00

(2) J. D. Whitesides, Franlilin, Ind 4 00

(3) L. B. Clore, Franlilin, Ind 2 00

685. 20 ears any other variety of corn—

(1) J. D. Whitesides, Franldin, Ind 6 00

(2) J. D. Whitesides, Franlilin, Ind 4 00

(3) Joe R. Overstreet, Franlilin, Ind 2 00

686. 20 ears v^^hite flint hominy corn—

(1) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 5 00

(2) L. B. dlore, Franklin, Ind 2 00

087. One peck white rice popcorn—

(1) John Marvel, Royalton, Ind 2 00

(2) Joe R. Overstreet, Franklin, Ind 1 00

688. One peck golden popcorn—

(1) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 2 00

(2) J. R*. Overstreet, Franklin, Ind 1 00

689. One peck any other variety of popcorn—

(1) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 2 00

(2) John Marvel, Royalton, Ind 1 00

690. Best display and variety of corn not less than twenty varie-

ties, six ears each variety, properly named and labeled- -

(1) Clore & Overstreet, Franklin, Ind 60 00

(2) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 40 00

(3) Clore & Overstreet, Franklin, Ind 20 00

691. Best yy bushel white winter wheat—

(1) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 4 00

(2) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 2 00

692. Best % bushel red winter wheat—

(1) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 4 00

(2) L. B. Clore, Franklin, Ind 2 00

693. Best V2 bushel Fultz wheat—

(1) L. B. Clore, Franklin, Ind 4 00

(2) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 2 00

694. Best % bushel red spring wheat—

(1) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 4 00

(2) Geo. M. Rumler, Mohawk, Ind 2 00

695. Best display of grain in the straw, not less than ten varieties,

properly named and labeled—

(1) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 10 00

(2) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 5 00

696. Best display of meadow and pasture grasses, including cereals

and clover, not less than twenty varieties, properly named
and labeled —

(1) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 8 00

(2) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 4 00

180 BOARD OF AG KI CULTURE.

697. Va bushel rye—

(1) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 2 00

(2) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 1 00

698. % bushel white oats—

(1) Geo. M. Rumler, Mohawk, Ind 2 00

(2) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 1 00

699. % bushel black oats—

(1) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 2 00

(2) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 1 00

700. % bushel silver hull buckwheat—

(1) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 2 00

(2) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 1 00

701. % bushel barley —

(1) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 2 00

(2) Geo. M. Rumler, Mohawk, Ind 1 00

702. % bushel millet seed—

(1) Geo. M. Rumler, Mohawk, Ind 2 00

(2) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 1 00

703. % bushel timothy seed—

(1) Geo. M. Rumler, Mohawk, Ind 2 00

(2) Geo. M. Rumler, Mohawk, Ind 1 00

704. % bushel orchard grass seed—

(1) Geo. M. Rumler, Mohawk, Ind 2 00

(2) Geo. M. Rumler, Mohawk, Ind 1 00

705. % bushel Hungarian grass seed—

(1) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 2 00

(2) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 1 00

706. % bushel Kentucky bluegrass seed—

(1) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 2 00

(2) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 1 00

707. lA bushel Mammoth clover seed—

(1) John Marvel, Royalton, Ind 2 00

' (2) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 1 00

708. % bushel red clover seed—

(1) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 2 00

(2) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 1 00

709. % bushel flaxseed—

(1) Geo. M. Rumler, Mohawk, Ind 2 00

(2) John Marvel, Royalton, Ind 1 00

710. Best collection of grain and seed shown by exhibitor, seed of

1901—

(1) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 10 00

(2) John Marvel, Royalton, Ind 5 00

ANNUAL, MEETING. 181

711. Best display and collection of farm products, by any county
or society in Indiana —

(1) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 60 00

(2) John Marvel, Royalton, Ind 30 00

CLASS XLIII— Vegetables.

(Ira B. Hurst, Wagoner, Ind., Judge.)

712. Three white egg plant—

(1) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio $2 00

713. Three New Yorli purple egg plant —

(1) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 2 00

(2) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 1 00

(3) Mrs. Martha Luking, Bicknell, Ind 50

714. Twelve best cucumbers —

(1) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 2 00

(2) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 1 00

715. Six cauliflowers —

(1) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 2 00

71G. Twelve ears late sweet corn—

(1) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 2 00

(2) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 1 00

717. Twelve ears early sweet corn—

(1) J. K Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 2 00

(2) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 1 00

718. Three Hubbard squash—

(1) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 2 00

(2) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 1 00

(3) .1. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 50

719. Three Boston marrow squash—

(1) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 2 00

720. Three Marblehead squash—

721. Three Red Hubbard squash—

(1) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Oliio 2 00

722. Three Kershaw squash—

(1) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 2 00

(2) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 1 00

(3) Harry Bennett, Franklin, Ind 50

723. Three Summer Crooked Neck squash—

(1) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 2 00

(2) Harry Bennett, Franklin, Ind 1 00

(3) Whipps Bros., Franklin, Ind 50

182 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

724. Three field pumpkins—

(1) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 2 00

(2) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 1 00

(3) John Marvel, Royalton, Ind 50

725. Largest squash—

726. Largest pumpkin—

(1) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 2 00

(2) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 1 00

727. Six Drumhead cabbage—

(1) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 2 00

728. Six Flat Dutch cabbage—

(1) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 2 00

729. Six early cabbage—

(1) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 2 00

730. Six red cabbage—

(1) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 2 00

731. Tvpelve stalks of celery—

(1) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 2 00

733. One-half peck Lima beans, germ shell—

(1) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 2 00

(2) John Marvel, Royalton, Ind 1 00

734. One-half peck white Marrowfat beans—

(1) Whipps Bros., Marion, 2 00

(2) Geo. M. Rumler, Mohawk, Ind 1 00

735. One-half peck white Navy beans—

(1) Whipps Bros., Marion, 2 00

(2) Geo. M. Rumler, Mohawk, Ind 1 00

(3) Harry Bennett, Franklin, Ind 50

736. One-half peck colored Kidney beans—

(1) Harry Bennett, Franklin, Ind 2 00

(2) Geo. M. Rumler, Mohawk, Ind 1 00

(3) Whipps Bros., Marion, 50

737. One-half peck white Kidney beans—

(1) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, 2 00

738. One-half peck garden peas, dry—

(1) Whipps Bros., Marion, 2 00

(2) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, 100

(3) John Marvel, Royalton, Ind 50

739. Best peck purple tomatoes—

740. Best peck red tomatoes—

(1) Jas. A. Norwood, Southport, Ind 2 00

(2) Harry Bennett, Franklin, Ind 1 00

(3) Wm. Edmonds, Indianapolis, Ind 50

AkNUAL MEETING^. 183

743. Six largest and best nutmeg melons—

(1) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 2 00

(2) J. L. Keckley, Marysvllle, Ohio 1 00

(3) Jas. A. Norwood, Southport, Ind 50

744. Six largest and best musk melons—

(1) Jas. A. Norwood, Southport, Ind 2 00

748. Display musk melons, not less than six A^arieties-

(1) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 2 00

750. Largest and best collection of vegetables—

(1) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 15 00

(2) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 10 00

(3) Harry Bennett, Franklin, Ind 5 00

751. Peck peppers for pickling—

(1) W. B. Fhck, Lawrence, Ind 2 00

(2) Mrs. Martha Luking, Bicknell, Ind 1 00

752. Display of peppers—

(1) John Marvel, Royalton, Ind 2 00

CLASS XLIV— Root Crop.

(Ira B. Hurst, Wagoner, Ind., Judge.)

753. Six purple toi) turnips—

(1) R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio $2 00

754. Six any other variety turnips—

755. Six carrots for table—

(1) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 2 00

(2) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 1 00

(3) Harry Bennett, Franklin, Ind 50

756. Six carrots for stock—

(1) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 2 00

(2) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 1 00

(3) Harry Bennett, Franklin, Ind 50

757. Six roots salsify—

758. Six roots horseradish—

(1) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 2 00

(2) R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio 1 00

759. Six long red table beet—

(1) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 2 00

(2) J. D. Whitesides, .Franklin, Ind 1 00

(3) Harry Bennett, Franklin, Ind 50

760. Six turnip beet—

(1) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 2 00

(2) John Marvel, Royalton, Ind 1 00

(3) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 50

184 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

7G1. Six sugar beets—

(1) Wliipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 2 00

(2) Wliipps Bros., Mariou, Oliio 1 00

(3) J. D. Wbitesides, Franldin, Ind ' 50

762. Six red mangelwurzel—

(1) J. L. Kecliley, Marysville, Ohio 2 00

(2) Harry Bennett, Franklin, Ind 1 00

(3) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 50

763. Six parsnips—

(1) R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio 2 00

(2) R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio 1 00

(3) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 50

764. Six turnip radish, same kind—

(1) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 2 00

(2) Harry Bennett, Franklin, Ind 1 00

(3) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 50

765. Six winter radish—

(1) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 2 00

(2) Harry Bennett, Franklin, Ind 1 00

(3) Harry Bennett, Franklin, Ind 50

766. Six long summer radishes —

(1) Lunis Sanford, Greenfield, Ind 2 00

(2) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 1 00

(3) John Marvel, Royalton, Ind 50

767. Peck of Prize-Taker onions—

(1) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 2 00

(2) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 1 00

768. Peck Yellow Globe onions—

(1) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 2 00

(2) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 1 00

709. Peck White Globe onions—

(1) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 2 00

(2) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 1 00

770. One-half pock yellow onion sets —

(1) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 2 00

771. One-half peck red onion sets-

CD J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 2 00

772. One-half peck white onion sets—

(1) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 2 00

773. Broom corn —

(1) John Marvel, Royalton, Ind 2 00

(2) John Marvel, Royalton, Ind 1 00

(3) Mrs. Mai-tha Luking, Bicknell, Ind 50

ANNUAL MEETING. - 185

774. Potato onions—

(1) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 2 00

(2) J. D. Whitesides, Franldin, Ind 1 00

(3) Mrs. Martha Luking, Bicknell, Ind 50

775. Yellow Danvers onions—

(1) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 2 00

776. Red Weatherfield onions—

(1) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 2 00

(2) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 1 00

777. Display of onions, all varieties—

(1) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 5 00

(2) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 3 00

778. Largest and best display of root crops, all varieties, not less

than six of each variety—
(1) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 5 00

CLASS XLV-Potatoes.
(Ira B. Hurst, Wagoner, Ind., Judge.)

779. Peck Early Rose—

(1) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio $2 00

(2) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 1 00

(3) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio. ..'... 50

780. Peck Early Ohio—

(1) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 2 00

(2) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 1 00

(3) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 50

781. Peck Bliss Triumph—

(1) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 2 00

(2) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 1 00

(3) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 50

782. Peck Uncle Sam—

(1) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 2 00

(2) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 1 00

(3) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 50

783. Peck White Rose—

784. Peck White Elephant—

(1) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 2 00

(2) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 1 00

785. Peck Beauty Hebron—

(1) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 2 00

(2) AVhipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 1 00

(3) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 50

186 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

786. Peck Rural New Yorker, No. 3—

(1) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 2 00

(2) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Oliio 1 00

(3) Harry Bennett, Franklin, Ind 50

787. Peek Queen of the West—

(1) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 2 00

(2) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 1 00

(3) Harry Bennett, Franklin, Ind 50

788. Peck Empire State—

(1) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 2 00

789. Peck Green Mountain-

(1) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 2 00

(2) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 1 00

(3) Harry Bennett, Franklin, Ind 50

790. Peck Early Puritan—

(1) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 2 00

^ (2) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 1 00

(3) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 50

791. Peck Early Harvest—

(1) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 2 00

(2) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 1 00

(.3) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 50

792. Peck Bur bank Seedling—

(1) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 2 00

(2) Harry Bennett, Franklin, Ind 1 00

(3) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 50

793. Peck Bovee—

(1) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 2 00

(2) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 1 00

(3) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 50

794. Peck Duchess—

(1) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 2 00

(2) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 1 00

(3) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 50

795. Largest and best collection of potatoes, one peck each va-

riety—

(1) Whipps Bros., Marion, Oliio 8 00

(2) .7. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 4 00

790. Yellow sweet potatoes—

(1) Whipps Bros., Marion, Ohio 2 00

(2) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 1 00

(3) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind 50

797. Peck red sweet potatoes —

(1) Lunis Sanford, Greenfield, Ind 2 00

(2) Lunis Sanford, Greenfield, Ind 1 00

(3) J. D. Whitesides, Franklin, Ind , ^Q

ANNUAL MEETING. 18 Y

798. Display of sweet potatoes —

(1) J. L. Keckley, Marysville, Ohio 5 00

(2) Wliipps Bros., Marion, Oliio 3 00

GLASS XLVI— Horticultural.
(W. C. Reed, Vincennes, Iiid., Judge.)

APPLES— COLLECTIONS.

799. Fifteen varieties for home use—

(1) B. F. Cole, Trafalgar, Ind $15 00

(2) Evan Swift, Franklin, Ind 10 00

800. Ten varieties for marliet—

(1) Joe A. Burton, Orleans, Ind 10 00

(2) Evan Swift, Franklin, Ind 6 00

801. Five varieties for culinary purposes—

(1) Evan Swift, Franklin, Ind 5 00

(2) Joe A. Burton, Orleans, Ind 3 00

802. Plate Maiden Blush—

(1) EVan Swift, Franklin, Ind 1 50

(2) W. D. Thomas, Comiersville, Ind 1 00

803. Plate Smith Cider—

(1) W. D. Thomas, Connersville, Ind - 1 50

(2) J. W. Daubenspeck, Mattsville, Ind 1 00

804. Plate Ben Davis—

(1) Evan Swift, Franklin, Ind 1 50

(2) W. D. Thomas, Connersville, Ind 1 00

805. Plate Rome Beauty—

(1) Joe A. Burton, Orleans, Ind 1 50

(2) Joe A. Burton, Orleans, Ind 1 00

806. Plate Winesap—

(1) Joe A. Burton, Orleans, Ind 1 50

(2) Joe A. Burton, Orleans, Ind 1 00

807. Plate Rambo—

(1) Joel Clore, Franklin, Ind 1 50

(2) B. F. Cole, Trafalgar, Ind 1 00

808. Plate Yellow BeUflower—

(1) W. D. Thomas, Connersville, Ind 1 50

(2) Reed & Fielding, Glenwood, Ind 1 00

809. Plate Fallawater—

(1) Evan Swift, Franklin, Ind 1 50

(2) Reed & Fielding, Glenwood, Ind 1 00

810. Plate Fall Pipin—

(1) Joe A. Burton, Orleans, Ind 1 50

(2) Reed & Fielding, Glenwgod, Ind ..,,.,....,,.....,. , 1 OO

188 BOARD OF AORICUT>TURE.

811. Plate Willow Twig—

(1) Joe A. Burton, Orleans, Ind 1 50

(2) Joe A. Burton, Orleans, Ind 1 00

812. Plate Westfield (Seek-no-Further)—

(1) W. D. Thomas, Connersville, Ind 1 50

(2) Reed & Fielding, Glenwood, Ind 1 00

813. Plate Wagner—

(1) F. M. Benham, Petoskey, Mich 1 50

(2) C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 00

814. Plate Gravenstein—

(1) B. F. Cole, Trafalgar, Ind 1 50

(2) Hazel V. Stout, Trafalgar, Ind 1 00

815. Plate Red Beitigheimer—

816. Plate Fameuse or Snow—

(1) B. F. Cole, Trafalgar, Ind 1 50

(2) Evan Swift, Franklin, Ind 1 GO

817. Plate Moore Sweet—

(1) B. F. Cole, Trafalgar, Ind 1 50

(2) B. F. Flick, Lawrence, Ind 1 00

818. Plate Tompkin's King—

(1) Reed & Fielding, Glenwood, Ind 1 50

(2) W. D. Thomas, Connersville, Ind 1 00

819. Plate Hubbardston—

'(1) Reed & Fielding, Glenwood, Ind 1 50

(2) Evan Swift, Franklin, Ind 1 00

820. Plate Red Canada—

(1) B. F. Cole, Trafalgar, Ind 1 50

(2) J. Y. Demaree, Bud, Ind 1 00

821. Plate Rhode Island Greening—

(1) Reed & Fielding, Glenwood. Ind 1 50

(2) W. D. Thomas, Connersville, Ind 1 00

822. Plate Fall Wine—

(1) Evan B. Davis, Cartersburg, Ind 1 50

(2) Joel Clore, Franldin, Ind 1 00

823. Plate Duchess—

(1) B. F. Benham, Petoskey, Mich 1 50

(2) B. F. Flick, Lawrence, Ind 1 00

824. Plate Wolf River-

(1) Evan Swift, Franklin, Ind 1 50

825. Plate Yellow Transparent—

(1) J. Y. Demaree, Bud, Ind 1 50

(2) B. F. Flick, Lawrence, Ind 1 00

826. Plate Clayton—

(1) B. F. Cole, Trafalgar, Ind 1 50

(2) Reed & Fielding, Glenwood, Ind 1 00

ANNUAL, MEETING. 189

827. Plate White Pippin—

(1) Reed & Fielding, Glenwood, Ind 1 50

(2) W. B. Flick, Lawrence, Ind ' 1 00

828. Plate Baldwin—

(1) B. F, Cole, Trafalgar, Ind 1 50

(2) Joel Clore, Franklin, ind 1 00

829. Plate York Imperial—

(1) Evan Swift, Franklin, Ind 1 50

(2) Reed & Fielding, Glenwood, Ind 1 00

830. Plate Northern Spy—

(1) Evan Swift, Franklin, Ind 1 50

(2) Hazel V. Stout, Trafalgar, Ind 1 00

831. Plate Grimes Golden—

(1) Joe A. Burton, Orleans, Ind 1 50

(2) Hazel V. Stout, Trafalgar, Ind 1 00

832. Plate Roman Stem—

(1) Evan Swift, Franklin, Ind 1 50

(2) W. D. Thomas, Counersville, Ind 1 00

833. Plate Indiana Favorite—

(1) Reed & Fielding, Glenwood, Ind 1 50

(2) W. D. Thomas, Counersville, Ind 1 00

834. Plate Belmont—

(1) Evan Swift, Franklin, Ind 1 50

835. Plate Jonathan—

(1) W. D. Thomas, Connorsville, Ind 1 50

(2) J. Y. Demaree, Bud, Ind 1 00

836. Plate Lausingburg—

(1) Reed & Fielding, Glenwood, Ind 1 50

(2) W. D. Thomas, Connersville, Ind 1 00

837. Plate Talman Sweet—

(1) Evan Swift, Franklin, Ind 1 50

(2) F. M. Benham, Petoskey, Mich 1 00

838. Plate Vandevere—

, (1) Reed & Fielding, Glenwood, Ind 1 50

(2) W. D. Thomas, Connersville, Ind 1 00

839. Plate 20-ounce—

(1) W. D. Thomas, Connersville, Ind 1 50

(2) J. Y. Demaree, Bud, Ind 1 00

840. Plate Bell's Genet—

(1) Joe A. Burton, Orleans, Ind 1 50

(2) J. Y. Demaree, Bud, Ind 1 00

841. Plate Wealthy—

(1) John Marvel, Royalton, Ind 1 50

(2) Reed & Fielding, Glenwood, Ind 1 00

190 BOARD OF AGRICITLTURE.

842. Plate Stark—

(1) W. D. Thomas, Connersville, Ind 1 50

(2) Reed & Fielding, Glenwood, Ind 1 00

843. Plate Pewaukee—

(1) Reed & Fielding, Glenwood, Ind 1 50

(2) Hazel V. Stout, Trafalgar, Ind 1 00

844. Plate English Russet—

(1) E. C. Thompson, Irvington, Ind 1 50

(2) Reed & Fielding, Glenwood, Ind 1 00

CEAB APPLES.

845. Plate Hyslop—

(1) Evan Swift, Franklin, Ind 1 00

(2) J. Y. Demaree, Bud, Ind 50

846. Plate Red Siberian—

(1) F. M. Benham, Petoskey, Mich 1 00

847. Plate Transcendent—

(1) John Marvel, Royalton, Ind 1 00

(2) J. Y. Demaree, Bud, Ind 50

848. Plate Whitney—

(1) Hazel V. Stout, Trafalgar, Ind 1 (JO

(2) Evan Swift, Franklin, Ind 50

849. Kentucky Red Cider—

(1) Joe A. Biu'ton, Oi'leans, Ind

H

PEAES— SINGLE PLATES.

850. Plate Bartlett—

(1) W. D. Thomas, Connersville, Ind 1 50

(2) J. Y, Demaree, Bud, Ind ' 1 00

851. Plate Anjou —

(1) Evan Swift, Franklin, Ind 1 50

(2) Hazel V. Stout, Trafalgar, Ind 1 00

852. Plate Angoulene (Duchess)—

(1) C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 50

(2) H. H. Swaim, South Bend, Ind 1 00

853. Plate Flemish Beauty—

(1) W. D, Thomas, Connersville, Ind 1 50

(2) Hazel V. Stout, Trafalgar, Ind 1 00

854. Plate Howell—

(1) Robt. Johnson, Castleton, Ind 1 50

(2) C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 00

855. Plate KeifCer-

(1) Evan Swift, Franklin, Ind 1 50

(2) C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 00

ANNUAL MEETING. 191

856. Plate Louis Bon—

(1) J. Y. Demai-ee, Bud, Ind 1 50

(2) H. H. Swaim, South Bend, Ind 1 00

857. Plate Sheldon—

(1) Hazel V. Stout, Trafalgar, Ind 1 50

(2) W. D. Thomas, Connersville, Ind 1 00

858. Plate Seckel—

(1) Hazel V. Stout, Trafalgar, Ind 1 50

(2) W. D. Thomas, Connersville, Ind 1 00

859. Plate Easter Beurre—

860. Plate Lawrence —

(1) Evan Swift, Franklin, Ind 1 50

(2) C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 00

861. Plate Winter Neils—

(1) Evan Swift, Franklin,' Ind 1 50

(2) H. H. Swaim, South Bend, Ind 1 00

862. Plate Vickar—

(1) J. W. Daubeuspeck, Mattsville, Ind 1 50

(2) Hazel V. Stout, Trafalgar, Ind 1 00

863. Plate Onondaga—

(1) H. H. Swaim, South Bend, Ind 1 50

(2) C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 00

864. Five varieties for family use—

(1) C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 3 00

(2) H. H. Swaim, South Bend, Ind 1 50

865. Five varieties for market use—

(1) Hazel V. Stout, Trafalgar, Ind 3 00

(2) C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 50

PEACHES.

866. Six varieties for any purpose—

(1) H. E. Haines, South Bend, lud 6 00

(2) C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 3 00

867. Three varieties for market—

(1) Reed & Fielding, Glenwood, Ind 3 00

(2) B. F. Cole, Trafalgar, Ind 1 50

SINGLE PLATES.

868. Plate Clings—

(1) Reed & Fielding, Glenwood, Ind 1 50

(2) J. Y. Demaree, Bud, Ind ., 1 00

869. Plate Free Stones—

(1) Reed & Fielding, Glenwood, Ind 1 50

(2) J. Y. Demaree, Bud, Ind 1 00

192 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

870. Plate seedlings not exhibited before —

(1) B. F. Cole, Trafalgar, Ind 1 50

(2) C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 00

QUINCES— COLLECTIONS.

871. Best collection, not less than 3 varieties—

(1) C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 3 00

(2) W. B. Flick, Lawrence, Ind 1 50

SINGLE PLATES.

872. Plate Orange Quince—

(1) Jennie Hoagland Drake, Beech Grove, Ind 1 50

(2) Evan Swift, Franklin, Ind 1 00

873. Plate Meeche's Prolific-

(2) C. P Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 00

874. Plate Champion—

(1) C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 50

875. Plate Missouri Mammoth—

(1) Evan Swift, Franklin, Ind 1 50

PLUMS— COLLECTIONS.

876. Best collection native plums, those belonging to the Ameri-

can Wild Goose or Chickasaw groups, not less than 3 vari-
eties—

(1) John Marvel, Royalton, Ind 2 00

(2) J. W. Daubenspeck, Mattsville, Ind 1 00

877. Best collection of plums, European class, not less than 3

varieties—

(1) C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 2 00

(2) Reed & Fielding, Glenwood, Ind 1 00

878. Best collection of plums, Japanese class, not less than 3 va-

rieties—
(1) .John Marvel, Royalton, Ind 2 00

879. Plate native plums—

(1) Reed & Fielding, Glenwood, Ind 1 50

(2) John Marvel, Royalton, Ind 1 00

880. Plate European plums—

(1) John Marvel, Royalton, Ind 1 50

(2) Hazel V. Stout, Trafalgar, Ind 1 00

881. Plate Japanese plums—

(1) C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 50

(2) John Marvel, Royalton, Ind 1 00

AISTNUAL MEETING. 193

GRAPES— GROWI^ IN OPEN AIK.

882. Six varieties for family use—

(1) C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 3 00

(2) C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 50

883. Six varieties for market—

(1) H. H. Swaim, South Bend, Ind 3 00

(2) C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 50

884. Five clusters, any kind—

(1) H. H. Swalm, South Bend, Ind 2 00

(2) C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 00

885. Best collection grown by exhibitor—

(1) C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 10 00

SINGLE PLATES.

886. Plate Worden—

(1) C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 50

(2) H. H. Swaim, South Bend, Ind 1 00

887. Plate Concord—

(1) H. H. Swaim, South Bend, Ind 1 50

(2) 0. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 00

888. Plate Wilder-

CD C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind ^. . . 1 50

(2) Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 00

889. Plate Duchess—

(1) C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 50

(2) C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 00

890. Plate Brighton— ,

(1) C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 50

(2) 0. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 00

891. Plate Salem—

(1) C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 50

(2) W. B. Flick, Lawrence, Ind 1 00

892. Plate Lindley—

(1) C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 50

(2) W. B. Flick, Lawrence, Ind 1 00

893. Plate Pocklington—

(1) Jennie H. Drake, Beech Grove, Ind 1 50

(2) C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 00

894. Plate Niagara— 'i^

(1) H. H. Swaim, South Bend, Ind ^J 1 50

(2) C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 00

895. Plate Diamond—

(1) H. H. Swaim, South Bend, Ind 1 50

(2) C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 00

13— Agriculture.

194 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

I

896. Plate Vergennes—

(1) C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 50

(2) Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 00

897. Plate McPike—

(1) Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 50

898. Plate Delaware—

(1) H. H. Swaim, South Bend, Ind 1 50

(2) G. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 50

899. Plate Agaw^an—

(1) C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 50

(2) Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 00

900. Plate Catawaba—

(1) Hazel V. Stout, Trafalgar, Ind 1 50

(2) H. H. Swaim, South Bend, Ind 1 00

901. Plate Poughkeepsie Red—

(2) Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 00

902. Plate Ulster Prolific—

(1) Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 50

903. Plate Moore's Early—

(1) C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 50

(2) C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 00

904. Plate Ives—

(1) Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 50

(2) O. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind '. . 1 00

905. Plate Carman—

(1) Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 50

907. Plate Aminia—

(1) Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 50

908. Plate Woodrufe Red—

(1) C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 50

(2) Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 00

909. Plate Wyoming Red—

(1) Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 50

910. Plate Johnson—

(1) Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 50

911. Plate Green Mountain—

(1) Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 50

912. Plate Empire State—

(1) G. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 50

(2) qj.P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 00

913. Plate GaoJpbell—

(1) Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 50

914. Plate hot-house grapes—

(1) Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 50

ANNUAL MEETING. 195

915. Plate seedlings, not named—

(1) Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 50

(2) O. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 OO

MISCELLANEOUS.

916. Plate persimmons—

(1) Hazel V. Stout, Trafalgar, Ind 1 00

(2) B. F. Clore, Trafalgar, Ind 50

917. Plate pawpaws—

(1) Evan Davis, Cartersburg, Ind 1 00

(2) Lunis Sanford, Greenfield, Ind 50

SWEEPSTAKES.

918. Best and most artistic display of fruits by any county society
In Indiana, agricultural or horticultural—

(1) W. H. Newman, South Bend, Ind 50 00

(2) J. Y. Demaree, Bud, Ind 40 00

(3) W. D. Thomas, Connersville, Ind 20 00

INDIVIDUAL SWEEPSTAKES.

919. Best and most artistic display of fruits grown and exhibited
by one individual in Indiana, not less than five varieties—

(1) Reed & Fielding, Glenwood, Ind 25 00

(2) W. B. Flick, Lawrence, Ind 15 00

CLASS XLVII— Flowers.
(W. A. Rieman, Vincennes, Ind., Judge.)

PLANTS.

920. Ten palms—

(1) A. Wiegand & Son, Indianapolis, Ind $10 00

921. Twenty ferns and lycopodiums—

(2) A, Wiegand & Son, Indianapolis, Ind 10 00

922. Ten crotons—

(1) A. Wiegand & Son, Indianapolis, Ind 7 00

(2) Bauer & Smith, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

923. Twenty verigated show plants—

(2) A. Wiegand, Indianapolis, Ind 7 00

924. Ten blooming begonias—

(1) Bauer & Smith, Indianapolis, Ind 6 00

(2) Cora B. Edmonds, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

196 BOARD OF AGRICULTUKE.

925. Ten foliage begonias —

(1) Bauer & Smitli, Indianapolis, Ind 7 00

(2) Cora B. Edmonds, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

926. Two vases filled, either iron, rustic or Avire—

(1) Wiegand & Son, Indianapolis, Ind 8 00

(2) Bauer & Smith, Indianapolis, Ind 5 00

927. Two specimens Boston ferns —

(1) Bauer & Smith, Indianapolis, Ind 8 00

(2) Wiegand & Son, Indianapolis, Ind 5 00

928. Best arrangement of plants and fancy basket—

(1) Wiegand & Son, Indianapolis, Ind 10 00

SPECIAL,

928%. Display and arrangement of show plants—

(1) Wiegand & Son, Indianapolis, Ind ■ 35 00

(2) Bauer & Smith, Indianapolis, Ind 25 00

FIRST GRAND FLORAL DAY.

929. Two floral arrangements—

(1) John Rieman," Indianapolis, Ind 25 00

930. Two baskets—

(1) John Rieman, Indianapolis, Ind 15 00

931. Collection cut roses —

(1) W. W. Coles, Kokomo, Ind 10 00

932. Collection cut flowers—

(1) W. W. Coles, Kokomo, Ind 15 00

(2) Bauer & Smith, Indianapolis, Ind 10 00

933. Collection dahlias—

(2) Bauer & Smith, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00

SECOND GRAND FLORAL DAY.

934. Collection cut gladiolus-

CD W. W. Coles, Kokomo, Ind 15 00

935. Original show arrangement of flowers —

(1) John Rieman, Indianapolis, Ind 50 00

936. Three bouquets—

(1) John Rieman, Indianapolis, Ind 12 00

CLASS LX VIII— Flowers.
(W. A. Rieman, Vincennes, Ind., Judge.)

AMATEUR.

937. Collection of begonias —

(1) Mrs. Frank P. Johnson, Rowlands, Ind $4 00

(2) Cora B. Edmonds, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

ANNUAL MEETING. 197

938. Collection foliage plants—

(1) Cora B. Edmonds, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00

(2) A; R. Edmonds, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

939. Collection climbing and trailing plants —

HI) Cora B. Edmonds, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00

(2) Mrs. Marj^ J. Fliclv, Lawrence, Ind 1 50

940. Specimen calladinm —

(2) A. R. Edmonds, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

CUT FLOWEKS.

941. Collection geraniums —

(1) Mrs. P. D. Stagg. Greensburg, Ind 3 00

(2) Cora B. Edmonds, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

942. Collection cut flowers—

(1) H. P. Smith, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Mary ,T. Flick, Lawrence, Ind 2 00

943. Collection verbenas^

(1) Mrs. P. D. Stagg, Greensburg, Ind 3 OO

944. Collection dahlias—

(1) Mrs. J. O. Cammaclv, Greencastle, Ind • 3 00

(2) Mrs. P. D. Stagg, Greensburg, Ind 2 00

945. Collection gladiolus—

(1) Mrs. P. D. Stagg, Greensburg, Ind 3 00

(2) H. P. Smith, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

946. Collection caunas^

(1) Jesse Burnett, Greensburg, Ind 3 00

(2) H. P. Smith, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

947. Twelve carnations —

(1) H. P. Smith, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00

(2) Mrs. P. D. Stagg, Greensburg, Ind 2 00

948. Two bouquets of garden flowers—

(1) A. R. Edmonds, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Mrs. P. D. Stagg, Greensburg, Ind 2 00

CLASS XLIX— Bees and Honey.

(Mason J. Niblack, Vincennes, Ind., Judge.)

949. Specimen comb honey, quality and manner of putting up for

market to be considered —
(1) Geo. M. Rumler, Mohawk, Ind $12 00

950. Extracted honey, quality and manner of putting up for mar-

ket to be considered—
(1) Geo. M. Rumler, Mohawk, Ind 12 00

951. Beeswax, not less than 5 pounds—

(1) Geo. M. Rumler, Mohawk, Ind 2 00

198 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

952. Italian bees in one fi-ame observatory hive, purity of vpor^ers

considered—
(1) Geo. M. Rumler, Moliawk, Ind '. 5 00

953. Italian queen bee—

(1) Geo. M. Rumler, Mohawk, Ind 5 00

954. Honey vinegar, one gallon—

(1) Geo. M. Rumler, Mohawk, Ind 2 00

(2) John Marvel, Royalton, Ind 1 00

955. Apiarian supplies, best collection—

(1) Geo. M. Rumler, Mohawk, Ind 10 00

956. Display of honey, the product of one apiary, the arrangement

and decoration of display to be considered —
(1) Geo. M. Rumler, Mohawk, Ind 15 00

CLASS L— Table Luxuries.
(Blanche Draper, Ligonier, Ind., Judge.)

957. Home made cheese—

: (1) Mrs. J. B. Powers, Indianapolis, Ind $1 50

(2) Mrs. W. A. Ford, Indianapolis, Ind 75

958. Fancy cheese—

(1) Jennie Hoagland Drake, Beech Grove, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. J. B. Powers, Indianapolis, Ind 75

959. Maple syrup, in most marketable shape—

(1) Geo. M. Rumler, Mohawk, Ind 2 00

(2) Jennie H. Drake, Beech Grove, Ind 1 00

960. Maple sugar—

(1) Mrs. Martha Luking, Bicknell, Ind 2 00

(2) Geo. M. Rumler, Mohawk, Ind 1 00

961. Bread, wheat, yeast—

(1) Mrs. Walter S. Hoss, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

(2) Olin L. Hatton, Indianapolis, Ind 75

962. Bread, wheat, salt rising—

(1) Mrs. W. F. Hardy, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

(2)' Mrs. Walter S. Hoss, Indianapolis, Ind 75

963. Graham bread, yeast—

964. Boston brown bread—

(1) Mrs. Mary J. Flick, Lawrence, Ind 1 50

965. Rusk—

(1) Mrs. Walter S. Hoss, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

(2) Helen Kellerher, Broad Ripple, Ind .•:.,.. 75

966. Corn gems—

(1) Jessica E. Eberhardt, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. W. A. Ford, ludiaiiapolis, Ind. ..,...,.,.,.,..., 75

ANNUAL MEETING. 199

967. Dozen rolls—

(1) Olin L. Hatton, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

(2) Mnrta G. Arnold, Southport, Ind 75

968. Ginger bread—

(1) Mrs. R. C. Herrick, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

(2) Miss Marie Bott, Indianaiwlis, Ind 75

969. Ginger cookies—

(1) Mrs. Walter S. Hoss, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

(2) Jessica E. Eberhardt, Indianapolis, Ind 50

970. Fig cake—

(1) Mrs. L. V. Wilson, Connersville, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. Jerome Dunlap, Lafayette, Ind 75

971. Layer cake, caramel, orange—

(1) Mrs. Jerome Dunlap, Lafayette, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. V. L. Wilson, Connersville, Ind 75

972. Layer cake, caramel, chocolate—

(1) Mrs. Jerome Dunlap, Lafayette, Ind 1 50

(2) Mary Faught, Indianapolis, Ind 75

973. Marble loaf cake—

(1) Alice V. Hatton, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. Elnora E. Stewart, Indianapolis, Ind 75

974. White Mountain cake—

(1) Ada A. Norwood, Southport, Ind 1 50

(2) Nanna Groveclose, Indianapolis, Ind 75

975. Cocoanut cake-

CD Mrs. V. L. Wilson, Connersville, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. Howard Johnson, Indianapolis, Ind 75

976. Sunshine cake—

(1) Mrs. Laura Childers, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. Anna Aughinbaugh,' Indianapolis, Ind 75

977. Angel's food—

(1) Miss Marie Bott, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. Martha Luking, Bicknell, Ind 75

978. Hickory nut loaf cake—

(1) A. J. Voris, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. Jerome Dunlap, Lafayette, Ind 75

979. Hickory nut layer cake—

(1) Mrs. Jerome Dunlap, Lafayette, Ind 1 50

(2) Mary Faught, Indianapolis, Ind 75

980. Fruit cake—

(1) Mrs. Frank Wood, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00

(2) Alice V. Hatton, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

981. White fruit cake—

(1) Mrs. "V. L. Wilson, Connersville, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs, Laura Childers, Indianapolis, Ind 75

200 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

982. White cake—

(1) Alice V. Hatton, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. M. S. Harlan, Indianapolis, Ind 75

983. Chocolate cake, layer —

(1) Alice V. Hatton, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. J. M. Porter, Indianapolis, Ind > 75

984. Chocolate cake, loaf—

(1) Mrs. C. C. Richards, Howland, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. Jerome Dunlap, Lafayette, Ind 75 ,

985. Crnllers—

(1) Helen Kelleher, Broad Ripple, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. J. M. Porter, Indianapolis, Ind 75

986. Cream puff—

(1) Mrs. Walter Hoss, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. J. B. Powers, Indianapolis, Ind 75

987. Cookies—

(1) Mrs. W. A. Ford, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50.

(2) Jennie H. Drake, Beech Grove, Ind 75

988. Kisses—

(1) Helen Kelleher, Broad Ripple, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. Mary J. Flick, Lawrence, Ind 75

989. Meringues—

(1) Mrs. John B. Powers, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. W. A. Ford, Indianapolis, Ind 75

990. Cheese straws—

(1) Jessica E. Eberhardt, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

(2) Mary J. Flick, Lawrence, Ind 50

991. Apple pie —

(1) Mrs. John B. Powers, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

(2) Mrs. W. A. Ford, Indianapolis, Ind 50

992. Peach pie—

(1) Alice V. Hatton, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

(2) Mrs. L. B. Hoover, Indianapolis, Ind 50

993. Lemon pie—

(1) Mrs. Howard Johnson, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

(2) Mrs. E, B. Ford, Indianapolis, Ind 50

994. Sugar pie—

(1) Miss Maude Bryson, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

(2) Mrs. Walter S. Hoss, Indianapolis, Ind 50

995. Pumpkin pie —

(1) Jennie H. Drake, Beech Grove, Ind 1 00

(2) Mrs. Mary J. Flick, Lawrence, Ind 50

996. Cherry pie—

(1) Mrs. John B. Powers, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

(2) Mrs. M. S. Harlan, Indianapolis, Ind 50

ANNUAL MEETING. 201

997. Plum pie—

(1) Jennie H. Drake, Beecb Grove, Ind 1 00

(2) Mrs. W. A. Ford, Indianapolis, Ind 50

998. Saratoga chips —

(1) A. J. Voris, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

(2) Mrs. M. S. Harlan, Indianapolis, Ind 50

999. Spiced peaches—

(1) Mrs. Bettie Clore, Bargersville, Ind 1 00

(2) Mary J. Flick, Lawrence, Ind 50

1000. Spiced pears—

(1) Jennie H. Drake, Beech Grove, Ind 1 00

(2) Mrs. Bettie Clore, Bargersville, Ind 50

1001. Spiced cherries—

(1) Mrs. John B. Powers, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

(2) Mrs. Bettie Clore, Bargersville, Ind 50.

1002. Sweet pickles, collection—

(1) Mrs. Fremont Eastes, Greenfield, Ind 4 00

(2) Mrs. Bettie Clore, Bargersville, Ind 2 00

1003. Pickles, mixed—

(1) Mrs. V. L. Wilson, Connersville, Ind 1 50

(2) Jennie H. Drake, Beech Grove, Ind 75

1004. Pickles, encumber —

(1) Mrs. Bettie Clore, Bargersville, Ind 1 50

(2) Nanna Groveclose, Indianapolis, Ind 75

1005. Peach pickles—

(1) Mrs. Bettie Clore, Bargersville, Ind • 1 50

lOOG. Pear pickles—

(1) Mrs. Bettie Clore, Bargersville, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. V. L. Wilson, Connersville, Ind 75

1007. Tomato catsup, not less than one pint—

(1) Mrs. V. L. Wilson, Connersville, Ind 1 00

(2) Helen Kelleher, Broad Ripple, Ind 50

1008. Cucumber catsup, not less than one pint —

(1) Mrs. Walter S. Hoss, Indinanapolis, Ind 1 00

(2) Mrs. L. B. Hoover, Indianapolis, Ind 50

1009. Chili sauce, not less than one pint—

(1) Mrs. L. B. Hoover, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

(2) Mrs. J. M. Porter, Indianapolis, Ind 50

1010. Boston baked beans—

1011. Gelatine dessert, in any form—

(1) A. J. Voris, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. John B. Powers, Indianapolis, Ind 75

1012. Collection French candies, home made —

(1) A. J. Voris, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. John B. Powers, IndianapoHs, Ind 75

202 BOAED OF AGRICULTURE.

1013. Collection taffies, home-made—

(1) Mrs. Frank Wood, Indianapolis, lud 1 50

(2) Mrs. John B. Powers, Indianapolis, Ind 75

1014. Jellies, collection—

(1) Mrs. V. L. Wilson, Connersville, lud 3 00

(2) Mrs. Fremont Eastes, Greenfield, Ind 2 00

1015. Preserves, collection, not less than one pint each—

(1) Mrs. V. L. Wilson, Connersville, Ind 3 00

(2) Mrs. Fremont Eastes, Greenfield, Ind 2 00

1016. Fruit butters, collection, not less than one pint each—

(1) Mrs. Bettie Clore, Bai'gersville, Ind 4 00

(2) Jennie H. Drake, Beech Grove, Ind 2 00

1017. Canned fruit, collection, not less than one pint each—

(1) Mrs. V. L. Wilson, Connersville, lud 5 00

(2) Jennie H. Drake, Beech Grove, Ind 3 00.

PROFESSIONAL COOKING.

1018. Best collection of cakes, 3 or more kinds-

(1) Mrs. Martha Luking, Bicknell, lud 2 00

1019. Best collection of candies, 5 or more kinds—

(1) Mrs. E. B. Bryson, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1020. Fanciest gelatine dessert—

(1) Mrs. E. B. Bryson, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

(2) Mrs. T. A. Fegan, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1021. Fancy bread for evening refreshments—

(1) Mrs. K. L. Brown, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

(2) Miss Maude Bryson, Indianapolis, Ind 75

1022. Fancy dessert for evening refreshments—

(1) Miss Maude Bryson, Indianapolis, Ind. 1 50

(2) Mrs. E. B. Bryson, Indianapolis, Ind 50

1023. Fancy relish for evening refreshments—

(1) Miss Maude Bryson, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. E. B. Bryson, Indianapolis, Ind 50

CLASS LI— Knitting and Crochet Work.
(Mrs. C. W. Culbertson, Shelbyville, Ind., Judge.)

1024. Infant's shirt—

(1) Mrs. C. Dille, Greensburg, Ind $1 00

(2) Miss Susan Reed, Indianapolis, lud 75

1025. Infant's socks, display—

(1) Mrs. P. B. Stagg, Greensburg, lud 1 00

(2) Mrs. C. Dille, Greensburg, Ind 75

ANNUAL MEETING. 203

1026. Pair silk mittens, hand knit—

(1) Mrs. V. L. Wilson, Connersville, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. A. L. Moore, Terre Haute, Ind 75

1027. Pair silk stockings, hand knit—

(1) Permelia Burns, Greensburg, Ind 2 00

(2) Mrs. P. D. Stagg, Greensburg, Ind 1 00

1028. Infant's crochet sacque —

(1) Mrs. C. Dille, Greensburg, Ind 1 00

(2) Miss M. L. Fox, Indianapolis, Ind 75

1029. Couch cover—

(1) Clara L. Kellogg, Westfleld, Mass 2 00

(2) Mrs. V. L. Wilson, Connersville, Ind 1 00

1030. Chrochet skirt—

(1) Mrs. R. H. Talbutt, Lexington, Ky 2 00

(2) Mrs. J. W. Draper, Ligonier, Ind 1 00

1031. Silk purse—

(1) Permelia Burns, Greensburg, Ind 1 00

(2) Mrs. Wm. Welch, Indianapolis, Ind 50

1032. Crochet bedspread—

(1) Mrs. R. H. Talbutt, Lexington, Ky 2 00

(2) Mrs. W. L. Berryman, Tipton, Ind 1 00

1033. Infant's silk cap—

(1) Mrs. Geo. Sands, Kokomo, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. P. D. Stagg, Greensburg, Ind 75

1034. Ladies' shav^l-

(1) Mrs. L. K. Brown, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. Isaac King, Indianapolis, Ind 75

CLASS LII— Lace— Hand Made.

(Mrs. C. W. Culbertson, Shelbyville, Ind., Judge.)

1035. Lace, Battenburg—

(1) Miss Clara Ballw^eg, Indianapolis, Ind $1 50

(2) Mrs. A. C. Moorse, Muncie, Ind 1 00

1036. Lace, point—

(1) Permelia Burns, Greensburg, Ind 2 00

(2) Alice M. Kline, Crawfordsville, Ind 1 00

1037. Lace, Duchess—

- (1) Sadie Aughinbaugh, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

(2) Miss Clara Ballweg, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1038. Lace, Honiton —

(1) Sadie Aughinbaugh, Indianapolis, Ind .' 1 50

(2) Clara L. Kellogg, Westfleld, Mass 1 00

204 EOAKD OF AGKICULTURE.

1039. Lace, Flemish—

(1) Flora V. Greenstreet, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

(2) Permelia Burns, Greensbiirg, Ind 1 00

1040. Lace, Burgos—

(1) Clara L. Kellogg, Westfield, Mass 1 50

1041. Lace, applique^

(1) Miss Imogene Hoss, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. C. Dille, Greensburg, Ind 1 00

1042. Lace dresser scarf —

(1) Mrs. C. Dille, Greensburg, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. A. L. Moore, Terre Haute, Ind 1 00

1043. Lace table cover —

(1) Mrs. A. L. Moore, Terre Haute, Ind 1 50

(2) Alice M. Kline, Crawfordsville, Ind -. 1 00

1044. Lace center piece —

(1) Mrs. W. L. Berryman, Tipton, Ind 1 00

(2) Mrs. O. C. Wilcox, Indianapolis, Ind 75

1045. Lace sideboard scarf—

(1) Mrs. C. Dille, Greensburg, Ind 1 00

(2) Permelia Burns, Greensburg, Ind 75

1046. Lace collar—

(1) Mrs. H. S. Coffman, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. Jennie M. Pitts, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1047. Lace head scarf —

1048. Lace handkerchief—

(1) Permelia Burns, Greensburg, Ind 1 00

(2) Mrs. H. S. Coffman, Indianapolis, Ind 75

1049. Best article not mentioned in this class —

(1) Mrs. L. A. Moore, Terre Haute, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. C. Dille, Greensburg, Ind 1 00

1050. Best display laces—

(1) Mrs. W. L. Berryman, Tipton, Ind 4 00

(2) Flora V. Greenstreet, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

CLASS LIII— Embroidery— Hand Made.
(Mrs. C. W. Culbertson, Shelbyville, Ind., Judge.)

1051. Delft—

(1) Mrs. L. A. Moore, Terre Haute, Ind $2 00

(2) Clara L. Kellogg, Westfield, Mass 1 00

1052. Jewel—

(1) Mrs. L. A. Moore, Terre Haute, Ind 2 00

(2) Mrs. R. H. Talbutt, Lexington, Ky 1 00

/

ANNUAL MEETING. 205

1053. Iridescent—

(1) Clara L. Kellogg, Westfield, Mass 2 00

(2) Permelia Burns, Greensburg, Ind 1 00

1054. Ideal Honiton—

(1) ]Mrs. L. A. Moore, Terre Haute, Ind 2 00

(2) Mrs. Clara Kellogg, Westfleld, Mass 1 00

1055. Cotton—

(1) Mrs. C. Dille. Greensburg, Ind 2 00

(2) Mrs. P. D. Stagg, Greensburg, Ind 1 00

105G. Kensington —

(1) Mrs. R. II. Talbutt, Lexington, Ky 2 00

(2) Mrs. Clara Kellogg, Westfleld, INIass 1 00

.1057. Rope silk—

(1) Mrs. C. W. Vance, Paris, 111 2 00

(2) Mrs. Clara Kellogg, Westfield, Mass 1 00

1058. Roman—

(1) Permelia Burns, Greensburg, Ind 2 00

(2) Mrs. W. L. Berryman, Tipton, Ind 1 00

10.59. Outline—

(1) Mrs. L. A. Moore, Terre Haute, Ind 1 .50

(2) Mrs. Clara L. Kellogg, Westfleld, Mass 75

1000. Embroidery on bolting cloth —

(1) Mrs P. D. Stagg, Greensburg, Ind 2 00

(2) Permelia Biirns, Greensburg, Ind 1 00

1001. Embroidery on chamois —

(1) Mary R. Garver, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

(2) Mrs. H. S. Sperry, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1002. Queen Anne darning —

(1) Mrs. Clara L. Kellogg, Westfield, Mass. 2 00

(2) Mrs. A. C. Morse, Muncie, Ind 1 00

1005. Decore—

(1) Mrs. Clara L. Kellogg, Westfleld, Mass 1 50

(2) Carrie II. Johnson, Indianapolis, Ind 75

lOtiO. Lunch set —

(1) Mrs. L. A. Moore, Terre Haute, Ind 3 00

(2) Mrs. R. H. Talbutt, Lexington, Ky. 2 00

1007. Doily set, not less than 6 pieces —

(1) Mrs. R. H. Talbutt, Lexington, Ky 2 00

(2) Mrs. Geo. Sands, Kolvomo, Ind 1 00

lOOS. Linen table cloth and 6 naplvins-

(1) Mrs. C. Dille, Greensburg, Ind 4 00

(2) Mrs. L. A. Moore, Terre Haute, Ind 3 00

1069. Hostess cloth—

(1) Mrs. R. H. Talbutt, Lexington, Ky. . : 2 00

(2) Miss Susan Reed, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

20b BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

1070. Tray cloth—

(1) Mrs. C. Dille, Greeiisburg, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. Clara Kellogg, Westfleld, Mass 75

1071. Skirt, silk embroidery—

(1) Mrs. L. A. Moore, Terre Haute, Ind 2 00

(2) Mrs. H. D. Field, Greensburg, Ind 1 00

1072. Infant's shawl, silk embroidery—

(1) Mrs. L. A. Moore, Terre Haute, Ind 2 00

(2) Mrs. P. D. Stagg, Greensburg, Ind 1 00

1073. Infant's cap, silk embroidery —

(1) Mrs. C. Dille, Greensburg, Ind 1 50

1074. Sideboard scarf—

(1) Mrs. L. A. Moore, Terre Haute, Ind 2 00

(2) Mrs. R. H. Talbutt, Lexington, Ky 1 00

1075. Dresser furnishings, four pieces—

(1) Mrs. L. A. Moore, Terre Haute, Ind -. . 2 00

(2) Mrs. Clara L. Kellogg, Westfield, Mass 1 00

1076. Couch pillow—

(1) Mrs. C. W. Vance, Paris, 111 2 00

(2) Mrs. E. B. Ford, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1077. Toilet cushion, new style—

(1) Elinor B. English, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00

(2) Alice M. Kline, Crawfordsville, Ind 2 00

1078. Table cover—

(1) Chas. R. Blessing, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00

(2) Alice M. Kline, Crawfordsville, Ind 2 00

1079. Table center, embroidered—

(1) Mary R. Garver, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

(2) Mrs. R. H. Talbutt, Lexington, Ky 1 00

1080. Handkerchief case—

(1) Mrs. L. A. Moore, Terre Haute, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. Clara L. Kellogg, Westfield, Mass 75

1081. Glove case—

(1) Mrs. L. A. Moore, Terre Haute, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. C. W. Vance, Paris, 111 75

1082. Picture frame work—

(1) Mrs. B. F. French, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

(2) Mary R. Garver, Indianapolis, Ind 75.

1083. Bulgarian work—

(1) Mrs. L. A. Moore, Terre Haute, Ind 1 50

(2) Permelia Burns, Greensburg, Ind 75

1084. College pillow—

(1) Mrs. Maude Everett, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

(2) Mrs. Clara L. Kellogg, Westfield, Mass 1 00

ANNUAL MEETING. 207

1085. Best specimen not mentioned in this class—

(1) Mrs. C. Dille, Greensburg, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. Clara L. Kellogg, Westfield, Mass 1 00

CLASS LIV— Sewing— Machine and Hand.

(Mrs. C. W. Culbertson, Shelbyville, Ind., Judge.)

1086. Display of ladies' underwear —

(1) Jessie Burnett, Greensburg, Ind $3 00

(2) Mrs. C. W. Vance, Paris, 111 1 50

1087. Hemstitching, machine—

(1) Mrs. Geo. Sands, Kokomo, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. C. W. Vance, Paris, 111 75

1088. Ladies' tea jacket—

(1) Clara L. Kellogg, Westfield, Mass 2 00

(2) Jessica E. Eberhardt, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

HAND WORK.

1089. Hemstitching, specimen —

(1) Helen F. Goodwin, New Castle, Ind 2 00

(2) F. O. Barnes, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1090. Hemstitching, silk, not handkerchief—

(1) Mrs. Wm. Welsh, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

(2) A. K. Lee, Linden, Ind 1 00

1091. Hemstitching, linen, not handkerchief —

(1) Miss Susan Reed, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

(2) Mrs. C. Dille, Greensburg, Ind 1 00

1092. Drawn work, Mexican—

(1) Mrs. C. Dille, Greensburg, Ind 2 00

(2) Mrs. W. L. Berryman, Tipton, Ind 1 00

1093. Infant's outfit, complete, most sensible and neat—

(1) Mrs. C. Dille, Greensburg, Ind 4 00

(2) Mrs. H. D. Field, Greensburg, Ind 2 00

CLASS LV— Ladies' Fancy Work.

(Mrs. C. W. Culbertson, Shelbyville, Ind., Judge.)

1094. Couch pillow, most sensible —

(1) Mrs. C. W. Vance, Paris, 111 , $1 50

(2) Mrs. J. B. Powers, Indianapolis, Ind 75

1095. Infant's nursery basket —

(1) Mrs. C. Dille, Greensburg, Ind 2 00

(2) Jessica Eberhardt, Indianapolis, Ind 100

208 BOAED OF AGRICULTURE.

1096. Book cover, linen—

(1) Clara L. Kellogg, Westfield, Mass 1 50

(2) Mrs. E. B. Ford, Indianapolis, Ind 75

1097. Lunch set—

(1) Mrs. C. Dille, Greensburg, Ind 2 00

(2) Mrs. H. D. Field, Greensburg. Ind 1 00

1098. Doilies, not embroidered, not less than 6—

(1) Mrs. C. Dille, Greensburg, Ind 1 50

(2) Mary R. Garver, Indianapolis, Ind 75

1099. Fancy apron—

(2) Mrs. C. Dille, Greensburg, Ind 75

1100. Kitchen apron, most practical —

(1) Mrs. Maude Everett, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. C. Dille, Greensburg, Ind 75

1101. Table cover, not embroidered —

(1) Mrs. L. A. Moore, Terre Haute, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. R. H. Talbutt, Lexington, Ky 75

1102. Table centei', not embroidered—

(1) Permella Burns, Greensburg, Ind 1 50

(2) Alice M. Kline, Craw^fordsville, Ind 75

1103. Fancy opera bag—

(1) Mary R. Garver, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. Geo. Sands, Kokomo, Ind 75

1104. Laundry bag—

(1) Mrs. Geo. Sands, Kokomo, Ind 1 50

(2) Mrs. C. W. Vance, Paris, 111 75

1105. Quilt, silk, needle work—

(1) Mrs. Maggie Bruncomb, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00

(2) Mrs. R. H. Talbutt, Lexington, Ky 2 00

CLASS LVI— (For Amateurs Exclusively).
(Mrs. F. D. Abraham, Crawfordsville, Ind., .ludge.)

1106. Best display pictures, 3%x3%i or under, plate or film
camera —

(1) Alice M. Kline, Crawfordsville, Ind $3 00

(2) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1107. Best display pictures, 3i/4x4i/i, plate or film camera—

(1) Alice M. Kline, Crawfordsville. Ind 3 00

(2) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1108. Best display pictures, 4x5, plate or film camera-

(1) Ben W. Douglass, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00

(2) Geo. H. Lacey, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1109. Best display of pictures, 4^4x41^, plate or film camera—

ANNUAL MEETING. 209

1110. Best display pictures, 5x7, plate or film camera—

1111. Best display pictures, eMjxSVs, plate or film camera—

(1) Alice M. Kline, Crawfordsville, Ind 3 00

(2) Ben AV. Douglass, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1112. Best specimen, 3yox3%—

(1) Alice M. Kline, Crawfordsville, Ind 1 50

(2) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 75

1113. Best specimen, 3i/ix4i4—

(1) Ben W. Douglass, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

(2) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 75

1114. Best specimen, 4x5—

(1) E. W. Barrows, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

(2) Alice M. Kline, Crawfordsville, Ind 75

1115. Best specimen, 4yix4i/4—

1116. Best specimen, 5x7—

(1) Alice M. Kline, Crawfordsville, Ind 1 50

(2) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 75

1117. Best specimen, 6i/^x8i/4—

(1) Alice M. Kline, Crawfordsville, Ind 1 50

(2) Ben W. Douglass, Indianapolis, Ind 75

CLASS LVII— Decorative Art Work.
(Mrs. F. D. Abraham, Crawfordsville, Ind., Judge.)

1118. "Wood carving, display—

(1) Kate .J. Kieler, Indianapolis, Ind $8 00

(2) Helen F. Goodwin, New Castle, Ind 4 00

1119. Wood carving, specimen—

(1) Mrs. Geo. Sands, Kokomo. Ind 4 00

(2) Kate .J. Kief er, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1120. Tapestry painting—

(1) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 6 00

(2) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

1121. Best bon-bon—

(1) Mrs. Wm. Welch, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00

(2) Mary R. Garver, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1122. Decorated tray—

(1) Mrs. O. C. Wilcox. Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

(2) Mrs. Wm. Welch, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1123. Pyrograpliy, specimen, leather—

(1) Mary Greenleaf, Wilbur, Ind 2 00

(2) Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

14— Agriculture.

SlO BOARD OF AGKICULTURE.

1124. Pyrography, specimen, wood—

(1) Mary Greenleaf, Wilbur, Ind 2 00

(2) Grace Greenleaf, Wilbur, Ind 1 00

1125. Pyrography, display—

(1) Mary Greenleaf, Wilbur, Ind 3 00

(2) Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

CLASS LVIII— Art Work— Paintings and Drawings— Amateur.
(L. H. Meakin, Cincinnati, Ohio, Judge.)

1126. Portrait in oil, from life—

(1) H. C. Summers, Indianapolis, Ind $6 00

(2) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00

1127. Portrait in crayon, from life —

(1) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Mrs. Clinton Hall, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1128. Portrait in pastel, from life —

(1) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Mrs. Clinton Hall, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1129. Portrait in water colors, from life—

(1) Mrs. J. F. Donald, Atchison, Kan 5 00

(2) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 2 50

1130. Ideal head, oil—

(1) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00

(2) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

1131. Ideal head, crayon—

(1) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

(2) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1132. Ideal head, water coloi^—

(1) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

(2) Mrs. J. F. Donald, Atchison, Kans 1 00

1133. Ideal head, pastel—

(1) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

(2) Mrs. Clinton Hall, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1134. Group figure in oil—

(1) Mrs. Clinton Hall, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

(2) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

1135. Ideal figure, crayon—

(1) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

(2) H. C. Summers, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1136. Group figure, water colors—

(1) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

(2) Mrs. J. F. Donald, Atchison, Kans 1 00

ANNUAL MEETING. " 211

1137. Specimen, flowers, oil—

(1) Mrs. Clinton Hall, Indianapolis, Ind 2 50

(2) Mrs. Clinton Hall, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1138. Display, flowers in oil—

(1) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 2 50

(2) Mrs. Clinton Hall, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1139. Specimen, flowers, water colors—

(1) Clara L. Kellogg, Westfield, Mass 2 00

(2) Mrs. Anna Brown, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1140. Specimen, fruit, oil—

(1) H. C. Summers, Indianapolis, Ind 2 50

(2) Winifred Austin, Crawfordsville, Ind 1 00

1141. Specimen, fruit, watercolors—

(1) Winifred Austin, Crawfordsville, Ind. 2 00

(2) Minnie B. Aliass, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1142. Specimen, vegetable, oil—

(1) Minnie B. Aliass, Indianapolis, Ind 2 50

(2) Mrs. Clinton Hall, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1143. Specimen, vegetable, watercolors—

(1) Clara L. Kellogg, Westfield, Mass 2 00

(2) Mrs, J. F. Donald, Atchison, Kas 1 00

1144. Display, fruit or vegetable in oil—

(1) Minnie B. Aliass, Indianapolis, Ind 4 50

(2) Mrs. Clinton Hall, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1145. Display, fruit or vegetable, watercolors—

(1) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Mrs. Clinton Hall, Indianapolis. Ind 2 00

1146. Specimen, animal, oil—

(1) H. C. Summers, Indianapolis, Ind 2 50

(2) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1147. Specimen, animal, water colors—

(1) Jas. G. Randall, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

(2) Mrs. J. F. Donald, Atchison, Kas 1 00

1148. Specimen, game, oil—

(1) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 2 50

(2) Mrs. Harriet Van Horn, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1149. Specimen, game, water colors—

(1) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

(2) Mrs. Clinton Hall, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1150. Specimen, still life, oil—

(1) Mrs. Clinton Hall, Indianapolis, Ind 2 50

(2) Winifred Austin, Crawfordsville, Ind 1 00

1151. Specimen, still life, watercolors—

(1) Clara L. Kellogg, Westfield, Mass 2 00

(2) Mrs. Clinton Hall, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

212

BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

1152. Specimen, landscape, oil—

(1) Winifred Austin, Crawfordsville, Ind 2 50

(2) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1153. Specimen, landscape, water colors—

(1) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

(2) Mrs. Clinton Hall, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1154. Display, landscape, paintings (0 pictures)—

(1) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 8 OO

(2) Jas. G. Randall, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

1155. Summer scene, oil—

(1) H. G. Summers. Indianapolis, Ind 2 50

(2) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1156. Summer scene, watercolors—

(1) Jas. G. Randall, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

(2) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1157. Autumn scene, oil —

(1) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis. Ind 2 50

(2j Jas. G. Randall, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1158. Autumn scene, watercolors -

(1) Jas. G. Randall, Indianapolis. Ind 2 00

(2) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1159. Winter scene, oil —

(1) Mrs. Anna Brown, Indianapolis, Ind 2 50

(2) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1160. Winter scene, water colors—

(1) Mrs. Clinton Hall, Indianapolis. Ind 2 00

(2) ^Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1161. Marine scene, oil—

(1) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind ' 2 50

(2) Mrs. Clinton Hall, Indianapolis, lud 1 00

1162. Marine scene, watercolors-

{!) Mrs. J. F. Donald, Atchison, Kas 2 00

(2) Mrs. Clinton Hall, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1163. Interior scene, oil—

(1) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis. Ind 3 00

(2) Mrs. J. F. Donald, Atchison, Kas 1 50

1104. Interior scene, watercolors—

(1) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

(2) Mrs. Anna Brown, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1165. Specimen, pencil drawing—

(1) H. G. Summers, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

(2) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 75

1166. Specimen, pen and ink sketcli—

(1) Mrs. C. W. Vance, Paris, 111 1 00

(2) Winifred Austin, Crawfordsville, Ind 75

ANNUAL MEETING. 213

11G7. Display, pen and ink slietch—

(1) Winifred Austin, Crawfordsville, Ind 4 00

(2) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

IIGS. Drawing, architectural, original—

11G9. Drawing, mechanical—

1170. Drawing, charcoal, from antique, specimen—

(1) Mrs. Anna Brown, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) H. G. Summers, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1171. Best display of pastels—

(1) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Mrs. Clinton Hall, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1172. Best entire exhibit paintings and drawings —

(1) Minnie B. Akass, Indianapolis, Ind 10 00

(2) Mrs. Clinton Hall. Indianapolis, Ind 5 00

CLASS LIX— Art Work— Paintings and Drawings— Professional.

(L. H. Meekin, Cincinnati, Ohio, Judge.)

1173. Portrait in oil, made in past 2 years—

(1) G. V. Strauss, Crawfordsville, Ind $15 00

(2) Helen F. Goodwin, New Castle, Ind 8 00

1174. Portrait in water colors —

(1) Mrs. J. O. Spahr, Indianapolis, Ind 10 00

(2) Mrs. C. F. Palmer, Indianapolis, Ind 5 00

1175. Portrait in crayon —

(1) Dollie C. Scarff, Indianapolis, Ind 6 00

(2) Mrs. Orris Pratt, Springs Prairie, Wis 3 00

117G. Portrait in pastel—

(1) Mrs. Orris Pratt, Springs Prairie, Wis 10 00

(2) Mrs. C. F. Palmer, Indianapolis, Ind 5 00

1177. Ideal head, oil—

(1) Helen F. Goodwin, New Castle, Ind 6 00

(2) Mrs. .1. O. Spahr, Indianapolis. Ind 3 00

1178. Ideal head, watercolors—

(1) Mrs. W. R. Galpin, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Mrs. J. O. Spahr, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1179. Ideal figure, oil —

(1) Mrs. Marie E. Folger, Marion, Ind G 00

(2) Helen F. Goodwin, New Castle, Ind 3 00

1180. Group figure, oil—

(1) Elizabeth Herr. Indianapolis, Ind 5 00

(2) Helen F. Goodwin, New Castle, Ind 2 50

1181. Ideal figure, watercolors^

(1) Mary Greenleaf, Wilbur, Ind 4 00

214 BOARD OF AGEI'CULTURE.

1182. Group figure, oil—

(1) Grace Greenleaf, Wilbur, Ind 4 00

(2) Jos. L. Frank, Des Moines, la 2 00

1183. Specimen, flowers, oil—

(1) Mrs. J. O. Spahr, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Helen P. Goodwin, New Castle, Ind 2 00

1184. Display, flowers, oil—

(1) Mrs. Orris Pratt, Prairie Springs, Wis 6 00

1185. Specimen, flowers, watercolors—

1186. Display, flowers, watercolors —

(1) Joe L. Frank, Des Moines, la 5 00

(2) M. L. Taylor, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00

1187. Specimen, fruit, oil—

(1) G. V. Strauss, Crawfordsville, Ind 4 00

(2) Mrs. J. O. Spahr, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1188. Specimen, fruit, watercolors—

(1) Joe L. Frank, Des Moines, la 3 50

(2) G. V. «trauss, Crawfordsville, Ind 2 00

1189. Specimen, vegetable, oil—

(1) Dollie C. Scarff, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Mrs. Orris Pratt, Springs Prairie, Wis 2 00

1190. Specimen, vegetable, watercolors—

(1) G. V. Strauss, Crawfordsville, Ind 3 50

(2) G. y. Strauss, Crawfordsville, Ind 2 00

1191. Display, fruit or vegetable, oil—

(1) Mrs. Marie Folger, Induuiapolis, Ind 6 00

(2) Mrs. Orris Pratt, Prairie Springs, Wis 3 00

1192. Display, fruit or vegetable, watercolors—

(1) G. V. Strauss, Crawfordsville, Ind 5 00

(2) Mrs. W. R. Galpin, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00

1193. Animal, in oil—

(1) Mrs. Marie Folger, Marion, Ind 4 00

(2) Mrs. Frank E. Doak, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1194. Animal, watercolors—

(1) Joe L. Frank, Des Moines, la . . ; 3 50

(2) G. V. Strauss, Crawfordsville, Ind 2 00

1196. Game, oil—

(1) Mrs. Marie Folger, Marion, Ind 4 00

(2) Dollie C. Scarff, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1197. Still life, oil—

(1) Mrs. Marie Folger, Marion, Ind 4 00

(2) Helen F. Goodwin, New Castle, Ind 2 00

1198. Still life, water color—

(1) Grace Greenleaf, Wilbur, Ind 3 50

(2) Mrs. Marie Folger, Marion, Ind 2 00

ANNUAL MEETING. ^16

1199. Specimen, landscape, oil—

(1) G. V. Strauss, Crawfordsville, Ind 4 00

(2) Dollie C. Scarff, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1200. Specimen, landscape, watercolors—

(1) Mrs. C. F. Palmer, Indianapolis, Ind 3 50

(2) G. V. Strauss, Crawfordsville, Ind 2 00

1201. Display, landscape paintings (0 pieces)—

(1) G. V. Strauss, Crawfordsville, Ind 6 00

(2) Helen F. Goodwin, New Castle, Ind 3 00

1202. Interior scene, oil—

(1) Helen F. Goodwin, New Castle, Ind 4 50

(2) Mrs. Marie E. Folger, Marion, Ind 2 00

1203. Interior scene, watercolors—

(1) Helen F. Goodwin, New Castle, Ind 4 50

1204. Drawing, antique head—

(1) Mrs. Marie Folger, Marion, Ind 4 00

(2) Joe L. Frank, Des Moines, la 2 00

1205. Drawing from antique, figure—

(1) Helen F. Goodwin, New Castle, Ind 4 00

(2) Elizabeth Herr, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1206. Drawing, animal—

(1) Mrs. J. O. Spahr, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Joe L. Frank, Des Moines, la 2 00

1207. Drawing, architectural—

(1) Elizabeth Herr, Indianapolis, Ind. 4 00

1208. Drawing, mechanical—

1209. Pen and ink drawing—

(1) Mary Greenleaf, Wilbur, Ind 2 00

(2) Mrs. Marie Folger, Marion, Ind : 1 00

1210. Charcoal drawing, from life—

(1) Joe L. Frank, Des Moines, la S 00

(2) Helen GoodMin. New Castle, Ind 2 00

1211. Best display pastels—

(1) Mrs. Marie Folger, Marion, Ind 4 00

(2) Mi-s. J. O. Spahr, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1212. Best display crayons—

(1) Helen F. Goodwin, ^ew Castle, Ind 4 00

1213. Best entire exhibit of paintings and dravvings—

(1) Mrs. Marie Folger. Marion, Ind 12 00

(2) Mrs. J. O. Spahr, Indianapolis, Ind 6 00

216 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

CLASS LX— Art AVork— China— Amateur.

(Mrs. P. D. Abraham, Crawfordsville, Intl., .Judge.)

1214. Painting- on china, Dresden, specimen—

(1) Mary R. Garver, Indianapolis, Ind $2 00

(2) Flora V. Greenstreet, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1215. Painting on china, Persian, specimen—

(1) Flora V. Greenstreet, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

(2) Mary R. Garver, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

121G. Painting on china, relief work—

(1) Flora V. Greenstreet, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

(2) Mary R. Garver, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1217. Painting on china, enamel —

(1) Flora V. Greenstreet, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

(2) Mrs. .1. O. Spahr, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1218. Painting on china, punch I)owl, flowers—

(1) Mrs. F. E. Wolcott, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

1219. Painting on china, punch bowl, flgure—

1220. Painting on china, punch bowl, fruit—

(1) Miss Louise Schulmeyer, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Sarena A. Hogan, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1221. Painting on china, tankard, ligure—

1222. Painting on china, tankard, flowers—

(1) Miss Louise Schulmeyer, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Mrs. W. T. Fugate, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1223. Painting on china, tankard, fruit—

(1) Mrs. J. O. Spahr, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Elinor H. English, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1224. Painting on china, claret pitcher-—

(1) Miss Louise Schulmeyer, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Mrs. W. T. Fugate, Indianapolis, Ind ^ . 2 00

122.5. Painting on china, jardiniere, figures—

1220. Painting on china, jardiniere, flowers—

(1) Elinor H. English, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Miss Louise Schulmeyer, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1225. Painting on china, Doulton, specimen-

CD Mary R. Garver, Indianapolis. Ind 2 00

(2) Mrs. W. T. Fugate, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1220. Painting on china, fruit set, compote and plates—

(1) Mrs. Harriett Van Horn, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Daisy C. Altland, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

12.31. Painting on china, salad set-
ID Miss Louise Schulmeyer, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Flora V. Greenstreet, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

ANNUAL MEETING. 217

1232. Painting on china, libi-ary set—

(1) Mary R. Garver, Indianapolis, Incl 4 00

(2) Mrs. Harriett Van Horn, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1233. Painting on cbina, tea set—

(1) Mary R. Garver, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Miss Louise Schulmeyer, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1234. Painting on cbina, soup set—

(1) Mrs. Geo. Cougblin, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Miss Louise Scbulmeyer, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1235. Painting on cbina, pudding set—

(1) Mary R. Garver, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Sarena A. Hogan, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1236. Painting on cbina, mauicure- t

(1) Mrs. W. T. Fugate, Indianapolis, Ind. 2 00

1237. Painting on cbina, 6 plates—

(1) Miss Louise Scbulmeyer, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Flora V. Greenstreet, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1238. Painting on cbina, 6 plates, figure—

(1) Mary R. Garver, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Miss Louise Scbulmeyer, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1239. Painting on cbina, G plates, flowers or fruit—

(1) Miss Louise Scbulmeyer, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Daisy C. Altland, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1240. Ideal bead, china or porcelain—

(1) Mrs. J. O. Spabr, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

(2) Mrs. E. B. Ford, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1241. Ideal figure, cbina or porcelain—

(1) Mary R. Garver, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

(2l June Wysong, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1242. Painting on cbina, portrait—

(1) Mrs. J. O. Spabr, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Mrs. Chas. Kramer, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1243. Painting on cbina, dusted tinting—

(1) Mary R. Garver, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Daisy C. Altland, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1244. Painting on cbina, lustre—

(1) Mary R. Garver, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

(2) Daisy C. Altland, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1245. Painting on cbina, conventional—

(1) Flora V. Greenstreet, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

(2) Mary R. Garver, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

1246. Painting on cbina, stein—

(1) Mary R. Garver, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

(2) Mrs. Harriett Van Horn, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

21r8 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

1247. Painting on china, toilet set—

(1) Daisy C. Altland, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

(2) Mary R. Garver, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

1248. Painting on china, game set—

(1) Daisy C. Altland. Indianapolis, Ind 5 00

(2) Miss Louise Schuimeyei-, Indianapolis, Ind 2 50

1249. Painting on china, fish set—

(1) Miss Louise Schulmeyer, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00

1250. Painting on china, 6 cups and saucers—

(1) Elora V. Greenstreet, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

(2) Mrs. W. T. Fugate, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

1251. Painting on china, 3 ornamental pieces—

(1) Mrs. Chas. Kramer, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00

1252. Painting on china, underglass display—

(1) Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1253. Painting on glass, mineral colors, display—

(1) Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind 6 00

(2) Mrs. O. C. Wilcox, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00

1254. Painting on china, under instruction—

(1) Mary R. Garver, Indianapolis. Ind 5 00

(2) Fay A. Harris, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1255. Best specimen, not mentioned in this class —

(1) Elinor H. English, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

(2) Mrs. Chas. Kramer, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00

CHINA— PKOFESSIONAL.

(Mrs. F. D. Abraham, Crawfordsville, Ind., Judge.)

1257. Painting on china, Dresden, specimen—

(1) W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind '. ... 4 00

(2) Mrs. O. C. Wilcox, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1258. Painting on china, Persian, specimen—

(1) Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Mrs. O. C. Wilcox, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1259. Painting on china, lamp—

(1) Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

1260. Painting on china, 3 ornamental pieces—

(1) Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Mrs. O. C. Wilcox, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1261. Painting on china, relief, gold—

(1) Mrs. O. 0. Wilcox, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind ., 2 00

ANNUAL MEETING. 219

1262. Painting on cliina, Doulton, specimen —

(1) Mrs. Wm. Welcli, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Mrs. O. C. Wilcox, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1263. Painting on china, enamel—

(1) Mrs. O. C. Wilcox, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Mrs. O. C. Wilcox, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1264. Painting on china, tanliard, flowers—

1265. Painting on china, tankard, figure —

(1) Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Mrs. Wm. Welch, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1200. Painting on china, punch bowl, flowers—

(1) Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

1267. Painting on china, x^unch bowl—

1268. Jardiniere—

(1) Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind ^ 4 00

1269. Painting on china, claret pitcher—

(1) Mrs. O. C. Wilcox, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1270. Painting on china, chocolate set—

(1) Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Mrs. O. C. Wilcox, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1271. Painting on china, tea set—

(1) Mrs. O. C. Wilcox, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1272. Painting on china, salad set—

(1) Mrs. Wm. Welch, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1273. Painting on china, library set—

(1) Mrs. O. C. Wilcox, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1274. Painting on china, fruit set—

(1) Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind 6 00

(2) Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind i 3 00

1275. Painting on china, pudding set—

(1) Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind 6 00

(2) Mrs. Wm. Welch, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00

1276. Painting an china, soup set—

(1) Mrs. Wm. Welch, Indianapolis, Ind 5 00

(2) Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind 2 50

1277. Painting on china, mush and milk set—

(1) Mrs. O. C. Wilcox, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1278. Painting on china, 6 plates—

(1) Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Mi'S, O. C. Wilcox, Indianapolis, Ind. ....,.,.., 2 00

220 BOARD OF AGRICUI/rUKE.

4

1279. China of conventional design—

(1) Mrs. O. C. Wilcox, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1280. Ideal head, china or porcelain—

(1) Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Mrs. C. P. Palmer, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1281. Ideal fignre, china or porcelain—

(1) Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Mrs. Wm. Welch, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1282. Portrait, china, original design—

(1) Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1283. Painting on china, dusted tinting—

(1) Mrs. O. C. Wilcox, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Mrs. C. F. Palmer, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1284. Six plates, original design—

(1) Mrs. C. P. Palmer, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00

(2) Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00

1285. Painting on china, figure^

(1) Mrs. Wm. AVelch, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00

(2) Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50

1280. Painting on china, under instruction—

(1) Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind 6 00

(2) Mrs. C. P. Palmer, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00

1287. Best entire exhibit painting on china —

(1) Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind 12 00

(2) Mrs. O. C. AVilcox, Indianapolis, Ind 6 00

»

PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

Indiana Horticultural Society.

Midsummer Meeting at Orleans,
August 20 and 21,

1901.

The first midsimimer meeting, under tlie auspices of the Indiana Hor-
ticultural Society and Purdue University School of Agriculture, was held
at Orleans, Indiana, on Tuesday and Wednesday, August 20 and 21, rooi.

Following is the program for the* meeting:

TUESDAY, AUGUST 20.

Symposium— Fruit Possibilities in Southern Indiana.

Geo. P. Campbell Bloomington

J. A. Burton Orleans

Mrs. W. W. Stevens Salem

Conditions of Success in Fruit Growing.

The Man-S. H. Fulton South Haven, Mich.

The Soil— C. M. ilobbs Bridgeport

Evening— Educational Session.

The Farmer's Son— H. F. McMahan Fairfield

The Farmer's Daughter— Mrs. C. N. Lindley Salem

(221)

«?

222 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 21.

Tree Fruits— Market Varieties,

Apples and Pears— C. M. Hobbs Bridgeport

Stone Fruits— U. M. Stewart Madison

Soil Fertilization— Prof . H. A. Huston Lafayette

Spraying and Spraying Mixtures— S. H. Fulton Michigan

The Apple and How to Grow It.

Soil and Site— J. A. Burton Orleans

Planning and Care of the Young Orchard— Will. Rittersliamp. ..Princeton

Care of the Bearing Orchard— W. C. Reed Vincennes

Pruning and Thinning— Prof. E. S. Goff Madison, Wis.

MORNING SESSION.

Tuesday, August 20, 9 A. M.
FRUIT POSSIBILITIES IN SOUTHERN INDIANA.

BY GEORGE P. CAMPBELL, BLOOMINGTON.

At the present it is very gloomy for the farmer, gardener and fruit
grower. No doubt there are many who feel like giving up in despair, but
we must not give up, but push ahead and try and find the means to over-
come at least some of the diflBculties that confront us. I can remember
when it was no trouble to grow all kinds of fruit with but very little
attention. Farmers would set the trees in the fence corner, and without
any cultivation or attention would in a very few years receive boimtiful
crops of fruit; and still all must acknowledge that fruit growing in
southern Indiana is in its infancy. We are just beginning to find out
that the soil in this section of the State is as well or better adapted to
fruit growing, especially the apple and pear, than any other State in the
Union. Our limestone clay soil puts more color and flavor in the fruit
than can be found anywhere else. Some years the climatic conditions are
such that we have failures in some kinds of fruits, but it is seldom that
we fail in all on that account.

INDIANA HOKTIClTLTtJilAL SOCIETY. 223

What, then, is the main hindrance to our growing fruit successfully?
My answer is. Injurious insects and fungous diseases. We have insects
that prey upon us on every hand; they eat our clothing, our furniture, and
prey on our domestic animals, but it is to the farmer and fruit grower
that they are of especial interest. It is a continual warfare to keep
the injurious insects from destroying our entire crop. Our entomologists
are giving a great deal of time and thought to these pests and are finding
weapons by which we may in some degree defend ourselves against their
depredations. We, as farmers and horticulturists, are not showing our
appreciation of their efforts to help us; they are human and .often make
mistakes, but we should encourage them to go ahead for the successes
they have made. Practical entomology should be taught in our common
schools; there are but few children but would take an interest in it if
properly presented. Some of our legislators and cranks seem to think
that we must now have Latin, French and Greek taught in our common
schools. These dead languages may be all right for ministers and pro-
fessors in our colleges, but of what practical benefit is it to the farmer's
son and daughter? Give us entomology and botany in the common schools
and the boys and girls will be more interested in agricultural and horti-
cultural pursuits and will better know how to defend themselves against
all insect intruders.

We have already found that judicious spraying with a solution of
parls green or other arsenites is very beneficial for the destruction of in-
sects that devour our fruit and foliage; also, that there are other remedies
for the destruction of fungous diseases, but it has not been an entire suc-
cess. The sooner the young people are taught these branches in the
common schools the sooner we will be able to overcome these obstacles.

The State Horticultural Society has recognized the fact that we in
southern Indiana are better located as regards soil and climate than any
other part of the State by locating the experimental orchard in our midst.
This orchard, if managed properly, will be the means of advancing the
fruit interest in this part of southern Indiana and the entire State.

Looking back a few years, and thinking of what great things have
been accomplished in the way of mechanical devices for the benefit of the
farmer and fruit grower, it is but natural for us to look forward and try
and imagine what will be done in the near future.

This is an age of invention and electricity, and I think it possible to
invent an electrical machine that will do away with paris gi'een and
Bordeaux mixture. All that we need do will be to point the instrument at
the tree or plant, press a button, and all insect life will be no more.

The hills of these southern counties now grown up with jack oak and
sassafras will in a few years be covered with luxuriant vineyards and
apple and pear orchards. There will be a horticultural society in every
school district which will be subordinate to the Southern Indiana Horti-
cultural Society, which will hold quarterly meetings at the experimental

224 BOARD OP AGRICULTURE.

orchard near Orleans. Then we may be growing Ben Davis apples as
big as peck measures and Concord and Niagara grapes as large as goose
eggs. The products can be loaded into air ships which will carry them to
market. They will leave this part of the State at 3 a. m. and arrive in
Chicago in time for the morning market, where the contents can be sold
and the owner return home in time for dinner.

FRUIT POSSIBILITIES IN SOUTHERN INDIANA.

BY JOE A. BURTON, ORLEANS.

The Apple.— Since 1896 southern Indiana has not grown one-fourth
the apples she has used. During the same time she has not used one-
fourth what she needed. That is, during the last six years southern In-
diana has produced less than one-sixteenth of the apples needed for home
consumption. A herculean task is assigned me to convince these people
they ought to go into apple growing for profit in the face of these facts.
One missionary, having labored seven years in a heathen land without a
convert, was asked to desist; that nothing could be accomplished. He re-
plied that he would not desist, for the Internal God had promised success.
Well, the Eternal God has abundantly combined the necessary conditions
for successful apple growing here. The only requisite left out is the suit-
able man. When I try to induce my neighbors to grow apples, they say
"Oh, yes, we know you can grow them, but we can't." Some say I ought
to grow them for the whole community.

Now, I think I know my own worth and abilities better than anybody
else, and I know it has not been by the free use of ability that I have
succeeded in apple growing. I have applied very little of what knowledge
I had in producing my good crops. Like many of my neighbors, I know
better than I do. Did I use as much care in attending my orchard as some
of my neighbors do in their grain crops, my success would be phenomenal.
I hope to do better in the future, but whether this will induce others to
engage in the business, or deter them, is uncertain. If they attribute my
success alone to my efforts, and not to the natural advantages of the
country, they will be driven further away. I have grown fine apples,
largely because it is easy to grow fine apples. I had the finest Winesaps
at Paris, probably because there Avere no other Winesaps there from
southern Indiana. I have taken first premium on Winesaps for years till
this year, when another man from southern Indiana brought up some
and beat me, and says he will do it again. Yes, and he may beat me on
Grimes. Now, I beg pardon for talking so much about myself, but I want

INDIANA IIOETICULTUEAL SOCIETY. 225

' you to understand that it is the great adaptability of southern Indiana
that is responsible for my fine apples, rather than Joe A. himself. I would
not intimate that pajiug crops can be gi'own here without some care.
That day has passed. What I want to impress upon you is that it is not
a diflacult thing to grow apples in this region.

FRUIT POSSIBILITIES IN SOUTHERN INDIANA,

BY MRS. \V. W. STEVENS, SALEM.

Much of the entire area of southern Indiana is specially adapted to
the growing of fruits, both small and tree. The knob lands all along the
Oliio river have sufficient elevation and adaptability of soil to make both
apple and peach growing profitable. Here we now find the largest peach
and apple orchards in the State. The small fruit industi.'y is being devel-
oped in a few localities, and is proving quite remunerative. We know
farmers who have realized as much as $450 per acre on strawberries.
Where up-to-date methods of cultivation and caring for orchards are prac-
ticed, fruit land will yield much larger returns than any other branch of
farming. We would not encourage peach growing, except in a very few
especially favorable localities, but the possibilities of apple culture on
our limestone soils, and of small fruits on the free stone, are without
limit, both in quality and quantity of fruit. All we need to make this
part of the State famous is well directed energy and co-operation among
intelligent, progressive fruit growers. We do not think our State Horti-
cultural Society has ever done as grand a work for horticulture as that of
locating an expeiameutal apple orchard here in a section of country that
is especially adapted to apple growing.

The possibilities of apple growing in at least a dozen counties that
lie along the Ohio river is best exemplified by stating what has been done
in a few localities. We know of lands that a dozen years ago were con-
sidered worth little more than the taxes that were paid thereon — were
sold at from one to three dollars per acre. When it was discovered that
this same land, when planted to apples, and when large enough to pro-
duce a crop, brought in one season from .$75 to $100 per acre, these same
lands brought more than the level bottom lands that were especially
adapted to corn and wheat growing. We also knew lands on the knobs
that twenty-five years ago had been deserted and given up as worthless,
but now that the cultivation of small fruits has developed, these same
jk lands are veritable garden spots and the new, commodious homes of the
owners thereof bear testimony that prosperity has again returned to them.

15— Agriculture.

226 BOARD OF AGEICULTUEE.

But haphazard methods will not win success in southern Indiana any more
than in other sections of the country. But the man who starts an orchard
and is capable of giving it the right kind of treatment is surer of success
than a farmer in any other line. We must cultivate, we must spray, we
must thin our fruit if we would get a profit out of it. Every year it be-
comes more apparent that the supply of good fruit is far below the de-
mand, and the successful grower is realizing larger profits than ever be-
fore. We are sure that the possibilities of fruit growing is growing
brighter and brighter as the days go by.

CONDITIONS OF SUCCESS IN FRUIT GROWING.

The Man.

BY S. H. PULTON, SOUTH HAVEN, MICH.

No copy of this paper was obtained. ^

CONDITIONS OF SUCCESS IN FRUIT GROWING.

The Soil.

BY C. M. HOBBS, BRIDGEPORT.

All soils have their origin in the disintegration of the rocks and in the
decay of vegetable and animal matter. The gravel, sand and clay come
•from the rocks; the humus from the vegetable and animal matter. The
different combinations of these substances give us our variety of soils.
When gravel predominates, we have a gravelly soil; when sand, we have a
sandy soil; when finely pulverized or ground stone, we have the clay soil;
when vegetable and animal matter predominates, we have the humus, or
light porous black or brown soil.

All the higher or more useful forms of plant life are dependent upon
the soil for an existence, and in turn all animal life is dependent upon
plant life. Thus we are shown the importance of the soil to all life. Or-
ganic life springs from the water and soil, and largely to it returns. It is
written of man, the higher animal, "Dust thou art, and to dust shalt thou
return."

The composition of the soil largely determines the kind of plant life
growing upon it. In addition to the plant food held in the soil the char-

INBIANA HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 227

acter of the vegetation is greatly affected by -warmth and moisture;
warmth and moisture are largely determined by the composition of the
soil.

If we have a soil composed of gravel, sand, or both combined, we are
apt to have a hot, dry soil in summer, supporting but little if any vegeta-
tion; if a heavy clay, it is generally cold and wet, or if dry, very hard and
compact; if we have an excess of vegetable and animal matter, humus,
we shall have a very porous, light soil, becoming hot and dry in dry
weather, and in wet weather producing an excessive gi'owth of vegetation
on account of the presence of a great amount of nitrogen in such soils.

The composition of soils so much affects the growth of trees that we
have come to know the character of the soil from the kinds of trees and
plants gi'owing upon them. Hence we speak of sugar tree, poplar, black
walnut, beech and black jack soils.

As to fruits, experience has proven to us that soil and situation will
to a considerable extent determine the varieties to be planted; for
instance, we have learned that peaches and gi-apes do best on a light,
warm, sandy or gravelly soil, while pears and quinces do best on a heavy
clay.

For all practical purposes, the kinds of soil most common to our State
may be described and located as follows:

The black alluvial soils, containing a large per cent, of humus, or vege-
table matter, and varying quantities of sand and clay, and of varying
depth, underlain with gravel or heavy clay, and to be found for the most
part in the level and lower situations in the central, northern and western
portions of the State. This character of soil is best adapted to growing
the cereals, grasses and vegetables.

When the black, loose, surface soil is of moderate depth and underlain
with a stiff clay, if such a soil be well tile drained, the tree fruits will
succeed fairly well, especially apples, pears and plums. Some varieties
of small fruits succeed very well on this kind of soil, but this character
of soil is not congenial to a very great variety of small fruits.

When this black surface soil is of considerable depth, plants and trees
do not seem to produce as good a root system as in the clay soils; it seems
to lack the necessary mechanical conditions, as well as the conditions
essential to the best plant and tree development.

The sandy, gravelly soils are, for the most part, found in the extreme
northern portions of the State and along the water courses. The more
clay and humus mixed with the sand and gravel, the better the soil for
grain and fruits. If the soil be mostly sand, several inches in depth,
underlain with gravel, unless the water level below comes within reach
of the plants, in dry weather the soil becomes dry and hot and unfavorable
for plant or tree growth. Such a soil is especially unfavorable for small
fruit plants; these root near the surface and burn out in dry weather for
want of moisture.

228 BOAED OF AGRICULTURE.

The sandy clay soils, or what are popularly known as sugar-ti-ee soils,
are pretty well distributed over the higher and more rolling sections of the
State. This is our best general piu-pose soil. It usually has good surface
and underdrainage, a sufficiently retentive clay sub-soil, with a surface
soil of i-ight proportion of clay, sand and humus to give the best mechan-
ical and fertile conditions. Such a soil cultivates easily, holds moisture
and fertilizers well, and under favorable conditions will grow well any
crop of grain, grasses, or fruits we can grow in this latitude.

Then we have the level or low, heavy, wet, clay soils of the central
portion of the State, popularly known as beech-tree soil. This soil usu-
ally contains but little humus, or vegetable matter, is a very heavy,
compact clay, holding water almost like a jug, and wholly unfit for any
kind of cultivated crops without thorough tile drainage and the addition
of vegetable matter in the form of stable manure or green crops turned
under. This land was regarded by the early settlers as unsuitable for
farming.

With these Improvements in the mechanical conditions of the heavy
clay soil, and an occasional application of fertilizers, we can grow all our
leading crops. Such soils are especially adapted to growing pears and
quinces, as they do best on a heavy, moist, rich, clay soil. Apples, plums
and cherries will succeed well, and small fruits, especially strawberries,
will do well on this kind of land.

Closely akin to these heavy clay soils of the central portion of the
State, are the Avhite clay soils of the hilly sections of the southeastern part
of the State, along the Ohio river. These, with the red clay soils of the
hilly sections of the southern part of the State, make up our best fruit
soils. They are especially adapted to the apple, peach, plum, blackberry
and raspberry. I question whether finer apples are grown anywhere than
can be grown on the red clay soils of the low hills bordering Orange and
Lawrence counties. I have never seen finer blackberries and raspberries
than are grown in these red clay soils.

Thus far we have had to do principally with the mechanical make-up
of the soil. The fertility of the soil is as important as its mechanical con-
dition. A proper condition of fertility is that condition where all the
elements that enter into the plant's growth are readily available in suffi-
cient quantity to meet every demand in the highest development of plant
and fruit.

Through many years of cropping, most of our lands have become more
or less impoverished. This is especially true of the clay lands, our best
fruit lands. In the hilly sections they have become impoverished by
washing and leaching, as well as by constant cultivation. An improper
system of cultivation has not only reduced the fertility of our clay soils,
but it has made the mechanical conditions less favorable by the removal
of vegetable matter, and in this way they have become compacted or run
together to such an extent as to have become lifeless and unfavorable to

INDIANA IIORTICUI/rUEAL SOCIETY. 229

healthy plant growth. We should have a proper mechanical condition of
soil, good drainage, and sufficient humus to make the soil loose and
friable.

We will find that most of our fruit lands will be benefited by an appli-
cation of the three principal mineral elements in plant gi'owth, potash,
phosphoric acid and nitrogen. Stable manure, with the addition of un-
leached wood ashes, makes a good fruit fertilizer for clay lands. This
form of manure contains, readily available, all the necessary plant food,
besides a quantity of vegetable matter that tends to better the mechanical
condition by rendering the soil more porous.

Stable manvires are open to two objections as a fruit fertilizer, first,
the composition or strength is an unknown quantity, and we can not tell
just how much of each of the important elements we are applying. The
second objection is that stable manures usually contain too great a per
cent, of nitrogen, and if applied heavily stimulate too rank a growth of
plant at the expense of the fruit; and in the case of trees and shrubs,
induce a late, sappy wood growth that is liable to damage from severe
winters.

Probably the most economic and satisfactory fruit fertilizer is com-
mercial potash and phosphoric acid and nitrogen, the latter when practi-
cable through clover or leguminous plants. If the soil contains the proper
proportions of plant food, the plants and trees will not only make a
thrifty, vigorous growth, but the fruit will be more abundant, larger,
firmer, more highly colored, and better in quality.

Chemical analysis shows that trees and fruits, especially the latter,
vary in their composition; for instance, apples and peaches contain two
and one-half times more potash than pears. This suggests that, in apply-
ing fertilizers, we should be governed somewhat by the proportion each
class of fruits use.

One hundred bushels of apples analyze about 1 pound of phosphoric
acid, 10 pounds of potash, 7 pounds of nitrogen. One hundred bushels of
pears, ly^ pounds phosphoric acid, 4 pounds potash, 5 pounds nitrogen.
One hundred bushels of peaches, 2% pounds phosphoric acid, 13 pounds of
potash, G pounds of nitrogen.

Probably for apples we should use of nitrogen 4 per cent., potash 6
per cent., phosphoric acid 2 per cent. For pears, nitrogen 4 per cent.,
potash 2 per cent, phosphoric acid 4 per cent. For peaches, nitrogen 4
per cent., potash 5 per cent., phosphoric acid 4 per cent.

For small fruits, generally speaking, the proportion for peaches is the
best suited. If stable manures are used, the ground should be thinly
covered early in the spring and worked into the soil. If commercial fer-
tilizers are used, they should be applied in early spring to the general sur-
face, at the rate of from 400 to GOO pounds to the acre annually. Annual
fertilization by some method is essential to the highest success in fruit
growing.

230 BOAED OF AGEICULTUEE.

EVENmG SESSION".

Tuesday, August 20, 7:30 p. m.
HOW MUCH AND WHERE SHALL WE EDUCATE OUR BOYS?

BY H. F. M MAHAN, LIBERTY.

In a good many things we are agreed as to how much and where
shall our boys be educated. Not one of us but would have every faculty
of mind developed to the limit, every organ of the body perfectly de-
veloped. We would have our boys grow to be strong men— strong physic-
ally, strong morally, strong mentally. I thinli we are agreed that that
education should begin very early in life. Long before they reach the
school age we begin their moral and physical training, mailing sure they
grow straight and strong, that, in so far as we can train them, their
senses malie quick and clear discriminations, and that honesty, industry,
truthfulness and reverence for the righ.t become habitual.

We are agreed, too, that every opportunity the common school affords
shall be theirs. Even the most careless parents recognize the absolute
need of this part of a boy's education. A knowledge of arithmetic, reading,
spelling and writing are essential to success in any business, while lan-
guage studies, history and geography are very necessary if our boys are
to be capable, intelligent citizens. And just so many as have it in their
power will send their boys through high school, believing the mental effort
necessary to master higher mathematics, Latin, rhetoric and the natural
sciences will better fit them to solve the real problems of life when they
begin business on their own account.

If our boys would be merchants, lawyers, physicians, teachers, en-
gineers, or wish to enter any of the so-called learned professions, we are
willing to make all sorts of sacrifices, if need be, to give them special
training in their chosen line of work. The genius may succeed without
this special training. We know well enough that few of our boys are
geniuses, and that if they are to have an even chance with the born genius,
they must have every advantage the special school affords. Fifty years
ago serving an apprenticeship was thought sufficient, thus gaining the ex-
perience of one, or at most a few, men. Today we would have our boys
familiar with the learning of as many great minds as can be crowded into
a college course.

It is not hard to find illustrations among successful men to prove the
need of such training. Within the last few years a score of men I know,
many of them from my own county, have risen to distinction who were

INDIANA HOETI6ULTUEAL SOCIETY. 231

college-trained. The college was not entirely responsible for their suc-
cess, but the training it gave materially aided them in winning success.

I say we are agreed as to the common school, the high school, and
special schools or college training for those boys who expect to become
professional men. Now, what about the thousands of boys that are to
succeed or fail on the farm? We'll agree, I suppose, they shall receive all
the ti'aining the common school can give. A good many of us will not
agree that three or four years in a high school will help a boy to farm. I
fear we do not keep in mind that a school of any kind is to develop and
discipline a boy's mind as well as to store his mind with facts. Now, do
boys who expect to farm need well-trained minds, and would a great store
of facts add to their chances of success, or is it enough to know "gee and
haw and hoe potatoes?" We know they need well-trained minds and the
largest possible store of facts.

Agriculture, until a few years ago, was always looked upon as a voca-
tion — a business at which men worked with their hands only, while in
truth it is a most difficult science. It has very much to do with life, both
plant and animal, the most complex of all sciences, and probably the least
understood. There are many questions relating to agi'iculture that di-
rectly affect the farmer's success that have not been definitely answered,
nor will they be answered until many men who have had the training the
best schools can give attempt their solution. When we know more of soil
chemistry we shall be able to use fertilizers more economically. Our tile
draining will be more effective when we know more of geology. Fruit
growing will be vastly more profitable when we have learned the cause
and cure of all the diseases that affect it and improve by rule rather than
by chance, as we do today. When we know as much of the breeding of
grains as we ought to know of tlie breeding of live stock, grain farming
may pay. When each farmer knows the best adaptation of crops to soils
we shall double and treble our yield. When supply and demand are
better understood, gluts and famines, with all their ruinous effects upon
profits, will cease to hinder us. We have yet to learn and use the power
of combination. When farmers know more of political economy they will
know and demand what is best in legislation for their interests.

I have a boy whom I hope nvill some day be an intelligent, successful
farmer. Custom says he knows enough to begin farming when he has
graduated:^ from the common school, or even before that time, practically
saying his father can teach him all he needs to know in addition to the
common school course. But can I? I am busy early and late and I simply
can not help him to get that mental training which even a high school
would give. I know but little of chemistry, of geology, of pomology, of
crop relations, of adaptations of crops to soils, of live stock husbandry, and
the thousand and one other things a farmer should know to succeed. If I
were to attempt it he would have but one man's experience. I can not de-
pend on his learning of my neighbors; good farmers though they be, they

232 BOARD OF AGRICUT.TURE.

can not give him mental training nor teacb bim that store of facts that
would be of so much help to bim. He might learn by reading and ex-
perience—good methods, but slow, slow. I believe it is my duty, if he
wants to farm— and I hope he will— to prepare myself to be the best
teacher I can of the best methods and practice. No one else can so ef-
fectually arouse his interest, teach him to be so fond of his profession.
I hope nature studies will be a part of both the common and high school
courses, not only for the store of facts, but it is the subject of all others
that teaches most rapidly independent thinlcing. He already knows some-
thing of many plants and animals, and will all his life be surrounded by
them. It is his right to Ivnow more of them. When he has completed the
high school course, if he wishes to studj^ law, or medicine, or theology,
I'll help him get special training, that he may have an even chance with
men in his profession to succeed. And I will not do the square thing by
him, if he wishes to farm, if I do not give him a course in an agricultural
college, or help him get it, for he will certainly need the information and
mental training as much in farming as any other profession. Pour years
in a school Avhere agriculture is honored, associated with earnest, intelli-
gent instructors, who have spent their lives solving some of the many
problems that must be solved before profits of farming can be large,
making the acquaintance of young men and women who will be the lead-
ers in the future of agriculture, will help to make him the most intelligent,
the most prosperous, the most contented, the happiest man the sun will
shine upon.

MORE'ING SESSIOK

Wednesday, August 21, 9 A. M.

MARKET VARIETIES OF APPLES AND PEARS FOR SOUTHERN

INDIANA.

BY C. M. HOBBS, BRIDGEPORT.

We have been shown how necessary it is to successful commercial
fruit growing that the man, or the one who is to engag^ in the business,
possesses the proper qualifications.

The next most important thing is the varieties of fruits to be planted.
We may have the situation and soil well suited to commercial fruit grow-
ing, we may have perfect cultivation and care of the trees, but unless the
varieties planted be adapted to the soil and climate, and to the market to

INDIANA HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 233

be supplied, we can not hope for success. From this we see that the proper
selection of varieties for commercial orchards is of great importance.

In driving through Mr. Burton's orchard, we saw a nunrner of Mc-
Afee's Nonsuch and Lawyer that were practicallj^ barren of fruit. The
trees of these varieties were as large, vigorous and thrifty as any trees
in the orchard, yet Mv. Burton says they have never borne a profitable
crop of fruit, showing their laclv of adaptation to the locality where
planted, and are wholly unprofitable. The success of the varieties planted
is so dependent upon the soil and situation that it gives opportunity for
great diversity of opinion as to the best varieties to plant; however, there
are a few varieties of all of the different classes of fruits that seem to
have quite a wide range of adaptation, succeeding on a great variety of
soils and situations and under different treatment.

I presume there is no other variety of apple in cultivation at this time
that has wider range of adaptation and is as generally profitable for com-
mercial purposes as is the Ben Davis. There have been more Ben Davis
trees planted in the past few years than of any other variety. Fortunately,
the Ben Davis seems to have nearly every good quality except quality.
It is an early and regular bearer, fruit of large size, good form and beau-
tiful color, always attracting the eye, and as the masses buy through the
eye, the Ben Davis sells well and at good prices. They often sell at five
cents apiece on the fruit stands. We have learned that size and color are
of first importance in marketing fruit, and on account of the characteris-
tics mentioned, the Ben Davis for several years has been the most profit-
able apple grown in the central west.

For southern Indiana, a close rival to Ben Davis for profit, and in some
localities superior to Ben Davis, is the Winesap, a good bearer of medium
size, bright red, firm apple of good quality, and a good keeper. Southern
Indiana Winesaps seem to be the finest in the world, as they took the
premium over all others at the Paris Exposition.

Probably the next best apple for commercial purposes for this locality
is the Rome Beauty, a fairly good bearer, fruit of large size, handsomely
colored, and of good quality. I have seen some as fine specimens grown
in southern Indiana as I have ever seen anywhere.

For the fourth variety of apple, a late fall and early winter variety,
the Grimes Golden is without a rival as to size, color and quality. When
the trees are well cared for the fruit is large enough, is smooth, and of a
beautiful golden color, and the quality leaves nothing to be desired. To
my own taste there is nothing superior to it in its season, or at any other
season. It reaches its highest degree of perfection in southern Indiana as
to size, color and quality. When I eat the Baldwin, Winesap, or most any
other variety of apple, I know distinctly when the time comes to quit,
but when eating the Grimes Golden there is still a doubt as to whether I
should not eat another. However, the Grimes has two points of weakness
—first is that the fruit matures rather early and is a little inclined to drop

234 BOARD OF AGRlCULTUiRE.

prematurely, and the tree seems to be rather susceptible to the fungous
disease known as root rot. I thinli this matter of root rot could be over-
come to a considerable degree by top-working on hardier roots and stems.
We can not afford to give, up the Grimes Golden on account of these de-
fects, as its superior quality is being sought after, and it will sell, usually,
considerably higher than Ben Davis and the more common sorts. This list
of profitable winter varieties might be extended considerably. Possibly
we might add York Imperial, Mammoth Black Twig, Jonathan, and some
others.

As to summer and fall varieties, I think these should not be omitted
from* the commercial orchard. My observation and experience in the
Indianapolis market for a number of years has been that good summer
apples bring as good, or better, prices than winter apples at gathering,
selling at from 75 cents to a dollar a bushel. There is usually a scarcity
of fii'St-class summer apples in this market, and we can see no reason why
they can not be profitably grown, as the trees of the summer varieties bear
more regularly than do the winter varieties. It seems they mature their
fruit so early in the season they have vitality left for developing fruit buds
for the next year's crop, hence, bear more regularly than the winter va-
rieties which hold their crops until late in the season.

The varieties we have found to be most salable and the most profitable
are Red Astrachan, Early Harvest, Yellow Transparent, Benoni, and Sum-
mer Red Stripe; and for fall apples ripening later in the season, the
Maiden Blush and Wealthy have been very satisfactory. We recommend
the Benoni especially for family use and market. The tree is hardy and
a prolific bearer. Fruit of medium size, highly colored, yellow striped
with red, with vei-y high quality. It ripens gradually in three or four
weeks' time, and will keep for a week or ten days when taken from the
tree and put in the cellar. One of the faults of this variety is that of over-
bearing. They should be thinned somewhat in order to get the best size
and quality of fruit.

The Y'ellow Transparent is a hardy tree, coming into bearing very
early. Is a large, fine appearing, greenish yellow apple, cooks well, and
is a very satisfactory market apple.

The Red Astrachan ripens before the Yellow Transparent and Benoni,
and on account of its earliness, bright color, and good cooking qualities
makes a very desirable early market apple.

The Summer Red Stripe is rather larger than the Benoni, a few days
later in ripening, fruit is sharply conic, and is sometimes known as Sheep-
nose. This is a hardy tree, prolific bearer, and the fruit sells well.

For a fancy late summer apple, probably there is nothing more showy
or attractive than the Chenango Strawberry; it ripens about with Summer
Red Stripe, looks very much like it, but the tree is quite different in ap-
pearance, the fruit is more highly colored, and the- flavor is quite different
from that of the Red Stripe. On account of its attractive appearance it
brings the highest price at the eating stands.

INDIANA HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 235

The Maiden Blush is generally known, and needs no detailed descrip-
tion here. It covers three or four weeks' period in ripening, and is highly
valued as a family and market fruit.

The Wealthy ripens pretty much the same time as the Maiden Blush.
Tree very hardy, an early bearer, productive, fruit large striped with
bright red, a good cooking apple, and a very pleasant apple to eat when
fully ripened.

For a fall apple of superior quality, probably there is nothing better
than the Gravenstein, and for a late fall apple we have also found the
Pewaukee desirable. The tree is hardy, bears well, fruit of good size,
striped with dull red, cooks well, and sells well.

As to pears for southern Indiana, the list is necessarily very much
restricted, as on the light soils of southern Indiana the pear blight is much
more destructive than in the heavy clay soils of the central portion of the
State. I suppose there has never been much profit in pears in southern
Indiana until the Kieffer came in; this variety has been very extensively
planted, and has proven profitable wherever planted.* Even in the central
part of the State we find varieties like Clapp's Favorite, Flemish Beauty,
Bartlett and others blighting badly; in fact, we can no longer recommend
Clapp's Favorite on account of its tendency to blight.

Of the older sorts of those planted on our place in the central part
of the State twenty-six years ago, the Tyson and Buerre d' Anjou have
proven freest fi-om blight; in fact, the Tyson have not blighted at all.
This is a remarl^ably hardy, fine tree, bearing a medium-sized gi-eenish
yellow pear of the highest quality, ripening the last of July. The Tyson
trees are the largest and healthiest trees in our orchai'd. The Anjou,
while it blights but little, has the fault of shedding its foliage early in the
summer and not properly ripening up the fruit on this account. It is
also very tardy in coming into bearing, and we do not expect a good crop
of fruit off of the Anjou under fifteen years.

With us the Duchess Dwarf has been the most profitable among the
dwarf pears. We have trees of this variety that were planted twenty-six
years ago that are still healthy and bearing good crops of fruit. They
were planted eight to ten inches below the union of the quince stock.

We have also found the Louise Bonne to be profitable as a dwarf
pear.

" The Kieffer is bettinning to blight some along the Ohio river and occasionally farther
north.

236 BOARD OF AGRICULTUKE.

STONE FRUITS AND VARIETIES.

BY U. M. STEWART, MADISON.

[Stenographer's Report ]

I am going to read the names of the peaches that are grown ui our
section of the State* The Gainesboro. Snead, Alexander, Early Rivers.
Old Mixon, Mountain Rose, Elberta, Globe, Salway, Heath and Triumph.

The Gainesboro is one that has been tried by but one person that I
know of, and fruited just one year. It is a very promising sort and very
early. The Snead is very profitable, ripening in July. The Alexander is
well known everywhere, ripening about the same time. The old Mixoo
is fairly good, bears very well and is a fine looking peach. The Mountain
Rose is our standard variety. The Elberta is planted by lots of people;
they all want that peach for money; it carries well and sells well every-
where. It sells just like the Ben Davis apple, on its appearance, but in-
ferior in quality. The Globe is good, but a shy bearer. The Salway is an
October peach, grown In large quantity and gives good satisfaction to
everybody that wants late peaches. Just like the Heath, they ripen about
the same time. The Triumph is one recommended by Mr. Reed, but is not
promising in our section.

The finest plums in our section are Moore's Arctic. The Damson is
the second favorite of Mr. Hicks. The Lombard sells well in our section.
This is a plum year. The Shipper's Pride is another very fine plum. The
Lincoln is a large plum and very good quality. The Washington is a good
plum, but not a sure bearer. The Raincloud is of high quality and a pro-
lific bearer. The Robinson bears well, is good quality, but is small.

The first cherry is the Early Richmond. It isn't very profitable because
it comes during strawberry season and people are not ready for cherries.
There are lots shipped away. The Dyehouse doesn't bear quite as freely.
The Montmorency is the one we make money on. The Black Tartarian
is a profitable cherry with us, and also the Governor Wood.

SOIL FERTILIZATION.

BY S. M. HUSTON

(See South Bend Meeting.)

IJs'DIANA HOKTICUJ/rUBAL SOCIETY. 237

SPRAYING AND SPRAYING MIXTURES.

BY S. H. FULTON, MICHIGAN.

No copy obtained.

THE APPLE AND HOW TO GROW IT.

The Soil.

BY JOE A. BURTON.

Soil can scarcely be too rich for an apple orchard. Our richest soils
are generally bad for apples. Our best apple lands are generally very thin.
They are not good because they are poor, neither are the rich soils bad
because they are rich. It is a matter of texture and location. Other things
being equal, elevated land is best. By this we do not mean far above
sea level, nor mountainous, but just a little above adjacent land. Of all
soils, the alluvial drift is the worst. Sandy soil might be classed next. The
very best of all is elevated clay formed by the decay of the native rocks.
Soil is more than location. Heavy clay in the valley is better than drift
loam on the hilltop. Hence, in central Indiana, the best apple lands are
the heavy clay swamps. Apple trees winter-kill in the central part of our
State more than in the southern on account of the nature of the soil, rather
than by a greater degree of cold. Apples on heavy clay are very little
affected by drought, whether cultivated or not. Hence, in a season like
this, we have fine apples on our thin clay lands, while our ordinary farm
crops are nearly destroyed. Because these thin clay lands have an apt-
ness for producing apples, we must not infer they can continue to yield
tine crops without being fed. My father-in-law was an expert in farm
work, but in the last thirty years of his life could do nothing for lack
of physical strength. So these lands can not 5'ield their crops for lack of
phosphoric acid and nitrogen. They have abundance of potash. Without
fertilizers they will yield a few fine crops, then both the tree and fruit
grow smaller, the limbs die, and failure is the result. Not only are the
trees hardier and healthier on the heavy clay soils, but the fruit in every
way is better, larger, keeps better, smoother, better color, and better
quality. Why these lands have such an aptitude for apples is not known—
possibly on account of the great amount of potash in the clay.

238 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

PLANNING AND CARE OF THE ORCHARD.

BY WILL RITTERSKAMP.

No copy of this paper procured.

CARE OF A BEARING ORCHARD.

BY. W. C. REED.

No copy of this paper obtained.

PACKING AND MARKETING FRUIT.

BY E. S. GOFF, WISCONSIN.

[Abstract.]

Fruit gi'owers, as a class, pay too little attention to the selling of their
fruit. They have not learned the fact that selling fruit is as much an
art as the raising of it, and that the profits of the fruit plantation may de-
pend as much upon the skill employed in selling the fruit as upon the pro-
duction of it. Professor Bailey has made the statement that there are ten
men Avho are able to raise choice fruit to one that is able to sell the fruit
to the best advantage. This may be too strong a statement, but there is
much ti'uth in it.

Last season I knew of a fruit grower that sold his crop of apples before
the first of September at a price of 80 cents net per barrel. At this time
the gTOwer had a very crude idea of the amount of apples there were in
the country, or whether the price at which he contracted his apples was a
fair one or a ridiculously low one. He simply listened to the arguments
of the buyer, and, because his statements sounded plausible, he accepted
them. The buyer packed a considerable part of this crop in bushel boxes,
which he sold in Chicago at from $1.50 to $2.50 each. This was equivalent
to $4.50 to $7.50 per barrel. Of course, another part of the crop did not
yield so much, but the poorest marketable ones brought much more than
80 cents per barrel. This poor sale was made because the fruit grower
was not posted on either the apple crop or the markets.

INDIANA HOETICULTUEAL SOCIETY. 239

With the excellent agi'icultural newspapers we now have, there is little
excuse for a fruit grower remaining ignorant on these subjects. Some
of our leading papers malie a special effort to inform their subscribers on
crop and marliet prospects, and a fruit grower has scarcely more excuse
for being ignorant on these matters than has the merchant for being
ignorant of the market value of his goods.

Another way by which fruit growers often come short of their oppor-
tunities is by putting their fruit up in an improper manner. Second-hand
barrels, putting the best fruit at the top and bottom of the barrel, and
mixing poor and good fruit in the same barrel all tend to reduce the
market value of the product. A buyer is not readily deceived as to the
contents of a barrel of apples, but in making an offer for it he generally
offers about what he regards the poorer samples worth. He can not afford
to do much better than this.

Another way by which the fruit grower may reap an advantage is by
putting his name on the barrel. This tells the buyer at once that he is
not ashamed of his fruit. In the commercial world a sample of goods
offered without the manufacturer's name is always regarded with sus-
picion. I know of an instance where a man sold his crop of apples at a
fine price by simply stenciling his name and address plainly on some
barrels of early fruit that he had shipped to market. A commission man
traveled over a hundred miles to find his orchard.

Adjourned.

Indiana Midsummer Horticultural Institute,

UNDER AUSPICES OF THE

State Horticultural Society

AND

PURDUE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF AGRICULTURE,

AT

SOUTH BEND, INDIANA,
Thursday and Friday, August 22 and 23, 1901.

By invitation of the Noble Comity Horticultural Society the second
niidsumnier horticultural meeting, under the auspices of the Indiana Hor-
ticultural Society and I'urdue School of Agriculture, was held at South
Bend. Thursday and Friday, August 22 and 2:i, liMH. The meetings were
held in the Auditorium Annex. A tine display of fruit was made by the'
local fruit growers.

After some a]ipro])i'iate music and an invocation by Bev. P. .T. Bice,
President Hobbs introihiced Hon. John B. Stoll, who delivered the wel-
coming address in these words:*

Ladies and Gentlemen — It affords me great pleasiu-e to welcome to this
city the representatives of the Plorticultural Society of Indiana and adja-
cent States. It would afford the citizens of South Bend the greatest
pleasure, indeed, to have you, if you could, devote some of your time to a
trip about the city for the purpose of becoming familiar with the things of
interest that we have here, but we realize full well that you have come
here for a greater and a more important purpose, namely, that of consic
ering and discussing the various subjects that have been mapped out for
the deliberation of this meeting. We would be delighted, indeed, to offer

•The proceedings of this meeting is from the stenographer's report.

^240)

i:VDIANA IIOKTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 241

you an opportunity to visit some of our gigantic manufactories, notably
those that pertain to agriculture and horticulture. We would be delighted
to have you see the manner in which the plow is made, to cultivate the
fields and the orchards, and would be delighted to have you gaze upon
the wonderful and marvelous machinery by which wagons are turned out
by the thousands, for the purpose of transporting the products of the farm
and the orchard; we would be delighted, indeed, to have you gaze upon
our principal mercantile establishments; we would be delighted to have
you look at our homesteads, with their well-kept lawns, and see the care
that has been exercised by our people in planting trees wherever there is
room for them; we would be delighted to have you take a general view of
this cosmopolitan city, that you might gain something of an idea of the
achievements that have been wrought during the past fifty years. But,
as I said before, we know that you have not the time. But let me assure
you that, while we would be glad to have you see all the notable things
that South Bend presents, we, as a people, are more, much more, interested
in the consideration and the discussion of the important subjects today
before you.

A great deal depends upon meetings of this character, upon the solu-
tion of problems, upon the discovery of methods helpful to the husband-
man in carrying on his occupation. We realize that in horticulture, as
well as in other businesses, obstacles are to be overcome. That is what
we are here for. This is pre-eminently a nation to overcome obstacles —
obstacles seemingly unsurmountable. Obstacles had to be overcome when
the tree of liberty was first planted by the founders of this government;
obstacles had to be overcome during the past hundred years, too great,
too vast for me to eniimerate. Obstacles must be overcome in building up
our orchards and affording the people an opportunity to get and to use
what every household so gi'eatly needs, namely, fruit of every description.

I sincerely trust that your stay in this city will be one of uninterrupted
interest, not only to yourself, but to the thousands of people who will be
afforded an opportunity of reading what you may say and what you may
determine during the progress of this meeting. And now I desire to state
in this connection that I am limited to seven minutes, therefore you will
understand I have said practically all that I shall have to say; but permit
me to say that scientists have of late applied their agency to the introduc-
tion of wireless telegraphy to convey messages far and near. For this
special occasion, in order to conform to the limitations imposed upon me
by Brother Latta, I take the liberty of introducing my innovation by
liberally, though only figuratively, drawing upon all the welcome addresses
ever delivered in this broad land of ours to shower upon your intellectual
brows all the sweet, gracious and pleasing words uttered by superior ora-
tors, in prose and in poetry, with the consciousness that no welcome thus
extended can have been more hearty, and no greeting more cordial than

16 — Agriculture.

242 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE,

this we have herewith extended to you individually and collectively.
(Applause.)

President Hobbs: Ladies and gentlemen, we will have a response to
these words of welcome by Prof. W. C. Latta, Superintendent of Farmers'
Institutes.

Prof. W. C. Latta responded as follows:

Mr. Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen— I lay no claim whatever to
being a platform speaker, and that, at once, will raise in your minds the
question why I am here to respond to this address of welcome. I may
say, briefly, that I thought it would give me an opportunity to explain
somewhat the conditions under which we meet and the scope or purpose
of this meeting.

On behalf of the persons whose names appear on the program which
is to be rendered today and tomorrow here in your presence, on behalf
of the visiting horticulturists from other portions of the State, I thank
Mr. Stoll for these kindly words of greeting. I am sure that they are as
pleased as I am to come to this beautiful city of South Bend, noted for its
enterprise— indeed, for its public spirit, for its large and successful meet-
ings. South Bend was chosen for this meeting because it was believed
that here we would find the conditions favorable to a successful meeting,
and I am sure we shall not be disappointed. It is pleasing to note the
preparation that has already been made by, I suppose, people in the near
locality, in the way of fruit exhibit. It is quite an undertaking, with no
fruit ripe, you might say, to draw on, but I am sure that the friends who
are here visiting, as well as myself, appreciate what has been done in
that line. It is a splendid exhibit; it is a splendid showing.

And now, just a word or two of explanation, and I shall have per-
formed the first imposed duty. The Horticultural Society was on the eve
of abandoning these summer meetings, which it has been holding regularly
for a good many years. The reason for that course was lack of funds.
Fortunately, the increase in the appropriation for farmers' institutes be-
came available with the Governor's proclamation that we should have
an increase for the current year at our disposal. It occurred to me that
perhaps we could not make better use of that fund than by holding, in
different parts of the State, district meetings, devoted to certain special
institutions in our State. Accordingly, four of these meetings were
planned, of which two have already been held; the first one, a district
dairy institute, at Plymouth; the second, in southern Indiana, at Orleans,
which closed last evening; the third meeting we have here today and
tomorrow; and the fourth, a meeting of the stockmen, especially those
engaged in producing butchers' stock, at Huntington, on the 27th and 28th
of this month.

It is something of an experiment to undertake meetings of this kind,
in the heat of the summer. While the audiences have not been large, aver-

INBIANA HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 243

aging, I think, something over one hundred for the five sessions held, the
interest has been admirable, and we are hopeful that much good will be
the result. We have no question as to the outcome of these meetings held
in this center; and with such admirable local co-operation as we have
already had, I feel entirely safe in prophesying that we shall have a
pleasant and profitable meeting.

One of the gi-atifying things in regard to these meetings is that, not-
withstanding the fact that ladies have hardly had representation on the
programs at all, so to speali, yet ladies have been conspicuous by their
presence, and in some cases, perhaps, exceeded the gentlemen in num-
bers. That, to me, is one of the encouraging things— that the women are
talking an interest in these meetings, and an interest in agriculture and
horticulture, live stock and dairying. The time Was when it was very
different. I don't know how it was in this particular county, but I know
I went into county after county, when institute work began, a little more
than a decade ago, when the attendance was made up almost exclusively
of gray-haired men; no young men, few middle-aged men, but a lot of old
men in the reminiscent stage of life, and frequently not a woman to be
seen.

What a change has been wrought in these years! How much it offers
for the future! To me it is a very gratifying thing that the ladies come
out to these meetings, and that the young people are showing themselves
in greater and still greater numbers.

I should like, before taking my seat, to make this appeal to you. Per-
haps it is not necessary, and yet it is in my heart to say this: That the
good, or permanent good, to result from this meeting, will be its effect
upon the rising generation. The older people will not be able, even though
they may desire, to change their methods appreciably. With them, things
will still go on in very much the same way as they have heretofore. We
look to the young people for the adoption of the new and the better
ways. And so I would like to ask that you see to it that the young boy,
that the young girl, that your children find a place at these meetings. I
am sur^ that they will be interested. You do not know, perhaps, how
much interest a boy ten or twelve or fourteen years of age will take in
matters of this kind, if he is present; so I bespeak for the boys and the
girls that they have a chance to attend this session; I know they will
be interested and profited, and I know that through them will come the
lasting benefits that we hope to secure. (Applause.)

President Hobbs: We are indeed very glad to have with us Prof. S.
H. Fulton, of South Haven, Mich. Mr. Fulton has charge of the experi-
ment station at South Haven, and is very capable, indeed, of instructing
us on the subject for which he is on the program this afternoon; that
is, "The Apple and Pear; Planting and Growing Them." I have the
pleasure of introducing to you Mr. S. H. Fulton.

244 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

Mr. Fulton said:

Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen— In coming into this auditorium
this afternoon I felt encouraged in what I have to say by seeing the fruit
upon the tables in tlie baclv part of the room. It sliows to me you are
interested in the subject to be discussed, and it shows, by the display
of fruits, that you are actively engaged in the work of fruit culture. Com-
ing, as I do, from Michigan, I naturally thgught that we have a pretty
good fruit State there, better than your State; but I will have to come
down a little and say that I now thinlv, and know, that it is a fact that
you have gotten together as good an exhibit here as we could have gotten
together in Michigan, at this season of the year, and we have been col-
lecting for Buffalo for the last two or three weeks or more, so we know
pretty nearly what can be gotten in our vicinity.

I think, too, that the subject under discussion is a pi'ofitable one to
us, particularly in the line of apple growing, because I do not believe
that there is any fruit at the present time which has a brighter outlook
for profit and reward and in other respects, than has apple growing, and
I will again draw upon my own State as an example in this resp?ct.

Michigan, as you know, has been regarded as one of the leading apple
States, and while it is one of the leading apple growing States, I must
confess this afternoon that three-fourths of the apple orchards in Michigan
are not kept as they should be. Three-fourths of the entire acreage of
apple orchards of Michigan are located in the lower four tiers of counties
of the State, and it is a rare thing to see in these counties new apple
orchards being planted. Occasionally a man sets a few trees out, but it
is a rare thing to see trees— new trees — planted. The old orchards have
been neglected, have been used for pastures, have been used to grow tim-
othy and other hay upon, and have been used for cow pasture and other
purposes aside from fruit growing; the orchards are neglected and are on
the decline. In the northern part of the State some new orchards are being
planted, and some of quite considerable areas, but throiighout the lower
part of the State there is but very little new planting being done.

What does this mean? I think it means simply this: Michigan will
not be able to maintain her good record as an apple growing State, unless
some change is made in respect to the growing orchards and the planting
of new trees. It shows to us, also, that there is a great possibility within
reach of the man who will set out an apple orchard and give it good
care, because, since these old orchards are declining, it is only a matter
of a few years when they will be gone, and unless there are new orchards
to take their places there will not be the supply of fruit. The fruit from
a new orchard will always sell to better advantage than from an old one.

Beginning on the new subject, I will state that I will endeavor to
consider the two kinds of fruit together, perhaps mentioning some things
in connection with the pear especially, a little later, for it can be done
and it will save time.

INDIANA HOETICULTURAL SOCIETY. 245

In planting a new orchard, one of the first things to be considered is
the location of the orchard. In this connection I believe the first consid-
eration should be the elevation— not necessarily high, but such a degree-
of elevation as will insure dramage. Drainage, above all other things, is
necessary. If the roots of the tree stand part of the year in free water,
the trees fail to do well; they decline and finally die out, or produce very
little good fruit. Of course, this can be somewhat remedied by drainage,
but the drainage should be done before the trees are planted.

The character of the soil does not matter so much in the section from
which I come; I will not make that statement as to other sections, because
I am not posted as to how it is here. There are those here who will, no
doubt, tell us the best soil in this section upon which to grow apples. In
the section from whicli I come I have seen some very fine orchards on
light, sandy lands, but usually the sandy land is not considered good for
growing apples; but one of the best of our orchards, the best in the
vicinity, is on sandy land. It has been given a little better care than
some orchards on some clay land, so this may, in part, account for it.
The question of soil I will leave to be settled by some one who is better
posted as to the conditions as they exist here.

A great deal is said at the present time as to a hardy class upon
which to top-work the weaker varieties. There are certainly a good many
varieties in this connection. The Spy has been quite largely recommended,
a two or three or four-year-old from the nursery. That tree makes a good
growth. Bud in the summer and graft in the spring. Some prefer to
graft and some prefer to bud and graft, too. There may be some objec-
tions to it we don't see now, but there are a number of advantages I
would like to mention. One advantage is that on the straighter, stronger,
more vigorous stock, often we can work some of the weaker growing varie-
ties. For instance, the Jonathan, which is not a very strong grower, may
be top-worked upon the Spy and a better body procured for it in that way.

In procuring trees from the nurserymen there are sometimes mistakes
made as to the»name, and when the trees come into fruiting they are not
always absolutely first-class, or we may find that we have not the variety
that we ordered. When we top-work them, we can go to some tree we
have known for some time, and now produces good fruit, and procure
buds to do top-work with. It has been said, but I am not certain, that
trees can be brought to earlier bearing by getting wood for grafting, or
buds for budding, from trees now bearing.

It may be better for forming the head, in some instances, that we look
out in this connection, and I want to say a word in favor of low heading of
apple trees. I believe the trees in a great many old orchards have been
headed too high;Jt'is more difficult to pick the fruit, to spray the trees,
and there are a number of disadvantages in having the trees headed too
high. The only disadvantage in low heading is that it is more difficult
to cultivate the trees, but with the tools that we have at the present time

246 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

for working orchards we can usually work close to the tree, and so this
objection is done away with.

After the trees have been procured, the matter of distance will have
to be considered; that is, after the ground has been prepared for planting.
And I should say a word in regard to the preparation of the soil before
speaking of distance. The soil should be carefully prepared. To begin
with, if there is a hard subsoil it should be broken up. In the section from
which I come very little preparation in that respect is necessary, because
it is usually loose so the roots can readily make their way down into
it; but where there is a hard subsoil it is always better to break it up;
it is better to have the gi-ound in condition before the trees are planted.
You should have the ground in as good condition as you would like to have
it for a crop of corn.

We are more liable, in planting, to plant too close together than too
far apart. You can see, all over the country, orchards that have been
planted too close together; the branches interlock and make it difficult
to spray the trees and to prune them, and the ti'ees can not get enough
sunlight and air. By setting them a greater distance apart we obviate
this difficulty. I know of the same difficulty of close planting in Cheboy-
gan county. Several, one of which must have been planted within the
last four years, were planted twenty or twenty-two feet apart, I am not
sure which. I have to have a grower to prune those trees each year, and
this keeps them within bounds; but those who have to prune apple trees
and apple orchards will appreciate that this means a task. He has, at
the present time, 16,000 trees; he is a doctor and can not look after the
orchard very closely himself, and has to rely upon help, and so we see
there is likely to be an objection. It may be that these trees will meet
and interfere with each other; at least, the indications point that way, I
believe we really should give the trees greater distance— say a distance of
forty feet apart.

Mr. Swaim: Do you not think that the planting of trees so closely
will shorten the life of the tree?

I am not sure as to that. I know in the pruning of peach trees that
some claim if you prune them each year it will shorten their lives; yet, I
believe usually it is the contrary or the reverse. Of course, this might not
hold true of the apple. In pruning a tree, we thin the tree at the same
time. If the trees are not pruned, they bear out on the large branches
and break down; that would more likely be the case, and it would be diffi-
cult in high trees to look after them properly and yet leave the large
branches on, and it is always detrimental to a tree to have the large
branches removed.

In regard to the pear, the distance for planting the standard pear, as
a rule, should be from twenty to twenty-four feet apart, depending some
upon the variety. For the dwarf pear, the distance usually recommended

INDIANA HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 247

is ten to twelve feet, but that is not the distance in our locality. Some
are planted sixteen feet apart, which haven't enough room, and I do not
think sixteen feet is any too great a distance for a dwarf pear.

As to the selection of varieties, this, as I have before said, as in the
case of the apple, will have to be decided upon by those here present.
I notice in the rear of the room a number of varieties which are very pro-
ductive; no doubt they are the same varieties that gi'ow in our section, and
you, no doubt, have some varieties which do better with you than they
would do in our section. So j^ou must be the judges in that respect, I
not being posted as to the varieties which will be tlie better producers in
this location.

Now, as regards the cultivation of the orchard, as a general thing, I
thinli you will all agree with me that clean culture is the best treatment
that we can give an orchard, either an apple or a pear. There are some
exceptions to this, however. In the section from which we just came,
down to this meeting, near Orleans, Indiana, they find if they keep the
ground too clean and allow no vegetation to grow, there is danger of the
land washing, and gulleys will be cut out. I was in one orchard that had
been injured very much in that way; so it is impracticable to give as
clean culture to their trees as we would in Michigan. I don't know about
this section.

In regard to clean culture of the bearing orchard, there are also some
drawbacks. When the trees are too highly cultivated there may be greater
danger of blight. The conditions of a young orchard are necessarily a
little different than a bearing orchard, either in the case of a pear or
apple. Of course, where the trees are a considerable distance apart, and
there is room for planting some crop, not a hay crop, but such as corn,
the ground between the rows may be utilized and the cultivation of it
kept up between the rows thoroughly.

I don't want you to think that this cultivation of the orchard should
cease after the trees get a good start and are growing nicely. I don't
think there is any time in the orchard when good care is more essential
than in the first few years, but it should not be neglected after that. It
is a very common occurrence for a man to plant a young orchard and
the first few years, until it is growing nicely, take very good care of it,
and when the trees are about ready to bear fruit, neglect it, cease culti-
vating it, and turn the stock in to do the pruning.

I remember on a trip last year in Alpena county, of passing an orchard
of four hundred apple trees, nice trees, which would have been in good
shape for bearing, but the owner had turned in a flock of sheep, and
every one of the trees was peeled from the ground up as high as the sheep
could reach. That is too often the case. A man spends money for trees,
he puts them out, and then neglects them.

As to the care of the bearing orchard: The apple orchard, the old
orchards, have usually been allowed to grow up in grass sod and been

248 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

used for pasture. The cultivation should be continued for the moisture
alone, if for no other purpose, and when an apple tree is attempting to
mature a crop, it draws heavily upon the moisture, and sod land in dry
time is always very dry; so it will be impossible for these trees to get
enough moisture; so that even where there is moisture, in a great many
instances it would be well to continue the cultivation.

There are other things to be considered. There is the subject of spray-
ing, but as that subject is a broad one. it will be dealt with at length by
Professor Webster later, and I will simply touch upon it a little. I do
not think there is any operation in orcharding that is more essential than
spraying, at the present time. We all Ivuow of the pests of the orchard,
and it is only a question of time when they will get the best of the orchard
and crop, unless we dispose of them in some way. The Bordeaux mixtures
are the most effective, and paris green or arsenic of lime, used with the
Bordeaux, is very good.

The treatment of tlie pear and the apple should be about the same, so
far as spraying is concerned. We have the same pests and the same
insects to contend with. The spraying should be made just before the
buds open. The practice of spraying with copper sulphate while the trees
are still dormant has been recommended and practiced.

Professor Burrough, in his discussion of the apple scab, says the
fungi does not winter up in the trees, but winters over on the fallen leaves,
and does not attnck the growth of the tree until about blossoming time.
If we spray at this time with Bordeaux mixture we will get more effective
results than with copper sulphate later. But, of course, there is this
difficulty about spraying at that time: If the weather is warm, the blos-
soms come out very rapidly, yet sometimes we have quite a number of days
in which the spraying could be done, but it is not well to delay it too long.
I know there are some who advocate spraying when the trees are in blos-
som, but I am not prepared to state just what is best about this. In
some States there are laws against spraying at this time. In New York
State they have been experimenting in this line some with conflicting re-
sults. In a great many orchards some spray while the trees are in blos-
som, and some while the trees are not, Avith very good results. It is a
matter which needs more study and investigation.

After the fruit is set will come the next spraying, and the most import-
ant of all, in both the case of the apple and the pear, particularly in the
case of the apple. For a week or ten days after the fruit is set, and
sometimes longer than that, the blossom end is open. As most of you are
aware, the larva enters at this end, and if the spraying is done just after
the blossom falls the fluid will enter the little basin, and wln>n the worm
enters he will usually be destroyed at its first meal.

As to later spraying. I am not prepared to say as to tlie number. Fur-
ther investigation is also needed along this line, and I don't know as
we will ever be Able to settle it definitely, conditions are so different, and

INDIANA HOKTICIJLTUEAL SOCIETY, 249

conditions of the weather, of rain shortly after spraying, and so on; rains
may make it necessary to spray again before long.

As to controlling the second brood, it is a more difficult task. After
the apples are as large as hickory nuts, the spray falls off, and it is im-
possible, almost, to get enough poison to adhere. The second brood is not
so particular where it enters the fruit. The first enters at the blossom end,
but the second may enter at any place; wherever something leaves a place,
it makes use of that place of access to the fruit.

As to pruning, the young trees should be carefully pruned, leaving, in
the first place, enough branches to form a good head in four or five years
in the case of the apple, and possibly more in the case of the pear. The
growth should be headed off a little each year, to make a better build.
The top ought to be left somewhat open, and not too many main branches
left. In our trial orchards at South Haven we have fo'md, as the trees
become older, we had to remove the large branches in many cases, which
is not good for the trees. If this pruning is continually kept up It will not
be very difficult, ordinarily, to trim an orchard in the spring. In trim-
ming an orchard it is well to avoid removing large branches as much as
possible, but Avhere it becomes necessary, as it does sometimes, that large
branches should be removed, with s}, view of healing over as quickly as
possible, I believe it is well to cut close to the body of the tree, leaving
a larger wound at first. Where a stump is left, in trimming an old
orchard, disease is apt to take place and shorten the life of the tree;
but where cut down close to the main branch or trunk it leaves a large
scar, ordinarily, but it will heal over sooner, and, as Professor Bailey says,
you will not have a monument left there in memory of the branch.

I thank you for your attention.

DISCUSSION.

Mr. Hobbs: The discussion of this topic is now in order. We shall

have a short time for discussion, and I hope that there will be the greatest

freedom used in asking questions, both by experienced and inexperienced.

% TIae only limitations there will be to these discussions will be that of

time, and if you wander from the text you may expect to be recalled.

Mr. Rupel: I would like to ask, is a three or four-year-old Spy not
a pretty old tree to tackle?

Professor Fulton: I might better have said a well-grown Spy. It
usually takes about tv,'o years to grow in a nursery, and perhaps I might
better have said a well-grown Spy.

Mr. Rupel: I think one-year wood preferable.

Professor Fulton: That is all right, if one prefers it.

250 BOARD OF AGRICULTUEE.

Mr. Rupel: I should think about four years old for grafting, and
about one year for budding.

Professor Fulton: Yes, a two or three-year-old tree does very well,
ordinarily.

Member: I would lilie to ask, Professor Fulton, in this connection,
whether from your experience the Spy is, by reason of its freedom from
attacks of root rot, or woolly aphis, and its general vigor and strength
and desirableness, superior to other varieties?

Professor Fulton: I don't know that it is superior. Our experience
with the Spy stock is limited. The trees that we work in this way are
young. It is true that they are doing very nicely, but as to how well they
will continue to do, I would not say from our experience, but only from
the light of experience of those who have practiced this method and Avho
have used this tree as a stalk. But I do know that the Spy, being such
a vigorous, strong grower, is commonly used for this purpose; but there
may be some varieties preferable to the Spy, because of its vigorous
growth; I do not say there is not.

Mr. Rupel: Is what you call the Spy from the Spy seed, or from a
root grafted?

Professor Fulton: It is procured from the nursery, and it would be
a Spy grafted upon a seedling, a Spy top; Just the body would be the Spy.

Professor Hobbs: I notice Professor Bailey recommends the Spy root
as being comparatively exempt from woolly aphis. This, in the southern
part of the State, or south of the Ohio river, is a very serious question;
in this part of the State, farther north, it is not of so much importance,
because we have cold and severe winters.

Professor Fulton: Our experience with the younger trees is that
they are not wholly exempt from attacks of woolly aphis, that there are
very many other varieties of trees quite as vigorous as the Spy.

Professor Hobbs: The question in my mind is as to whether it is ^
necessary to single out this particular variety to make a stalk for top-
working, but I suppose it will take more time and experience to settle
the question definitely and satisfactorily.

Mr. B. S. Smith: In regard to the effect of grafting on its early bear-
ing or late bearing, it is claimed by some that late bearing stock will
have its effect upon the grafted stock, and that the Spy grafted in that
way, when the Spy is used as a stalk, will not come as early on the stalk
as an earlier variety. Has it been your experience to determine whether
the Spy is a favorable stalk as to that?

INDIANA HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 251

Professor Fulton: Prof. E. H. Powell, of Plymouth, has done some
experimenting along this line, using a number of varieties of stallis, and
his experience has been that it has not made a great deal of difference.
I don't know, however, that it has been thoroughly tested and demon-
strated; I thinli that it has not.

Mr. Swaim: The Professor states that the fungi does not winter on
the tree, but winters on the fallen leaves on the ground beneath the trees.
That being the case, would it not be effectual to use the spraying solution
of copper and sulphur in the fall and winter upon the ground underneath
the trees?

Professor Fulton: It might do some good, but the fact that the foliage
blows about so in the fall winds, and often falls in fence corners and-
out-of-the-way places, the disease that should continue to live upon it
that would be blowing around, would, I think, offset any good that may
have been done in that way, and I think it would be much better to wait
until just before blossoming time and then spray.

Mr. Kingsbury: I would suggest that to do that successfully one
would have to hire a small boy to turn the leaves over for him, that they
might be sprayed on both sides. I desire to ask one question. As 1 was
coming down this morning on the train, there sat opposite me a gentleman
connected with the Atkins Saw Mill Works, of our city, and in a con-
versation with him he made a statement that surprised me very much,
in regard to the apple orchards in Michigan. He said that they had an
agent employed at their factory to gather up apple trees and stumps
wherever they could find them, and that recently he had brought down
several carloads from Michigan. I said, "Are they old, dead trees? He
said, "No;" that they had been cut down, and the hard parts separated
fi'om the balance. I said, "You will destroy the apple orchards of Michi-
gan," and he said, "The farmers over there have got an idea that they
can make more money out of peach gi-owing than they can out of apple
growing, and they are destroying the apple orchards in many places,
entirely." I want to know if this is correct— that the peach is a more
profitable fruit than the apple. Are not they very wrong in the thought
that the fruit growers in Michigan are making less money on apples than
on peaches because apples sell for two prices? I think it is just a notion,
and that they will make a mistake, because peaches are so very plentiful
they are hardly worth shipping at times. Is that the general impression
that peaches are more profitable than apples in Michigan?

Professor Fulton: I am not prepared to say that it is so. I am not
informed as to this matter of digging out trees. I have not seen that
being done in the section from which I have come, and I have not heard
of it before. I think the reason apples have not been profitable to some
is that the orchards have not been given good care. Where the orchards

252 BOARD OF AGETCULTURE.

are well cared for, I think that, acre for acre, taking one year with an-
other, the apple is as profitable as the peach. However, I am not pre-
pared to say that as a fact. We have an orchard closely located to South
Haven, in which there are about three or four hundred trees— not a very
large orchard. That orchard has been carefully cared for the last three
or four years, pruned, sprayed and plowed, and it has produced each
year, since it has been given that treatment, a satisfactory crop. The
crop has been sold this season upon the tree. The buyer was a Chicago
fruit dealer, and he did not even come to examine the condition of the
crop. He asked if we had as much as we had two years ago when he
bought the crop, and we said we did, and he bouglit the crop without see-
ing it. I mention this as one instance in which the profit is extremely
good. I am not pi-epared to say the apple is in all instances as profitable
as the peach, but even in our neglected orchards they have often been
the most profitable part of the farm. It remains to be seen, if given
good care, what can be done. The market is always good for good apples.

President Hobbs: The next numli«r on the program is "Feeding the
Trees," by Professor Huston, State Chemist, Lafayette. I have the pleas-
ure of introducing to you Prof. H. A. Huston, who will address you on
this subject.

ORCHARD FERTILIZERS.

BY H. A. HUSTON, STATE CHEMIST OF INDIANA, PURDUE UNIVERSITY.

It is oujy recently that much attention has been given to the use of
fertilizers in orchards. When the country was first settled fruit trees were
planted in the virgin soil and abundant crops of fine fruit are said to have
been produced. This result may have given rtse to the common opinion
that fruit trees, like forest trees, require very little attention and that
they can obtain a full supply of plant food from the soil. The bad condi-
tion of many of the fruit trees in the State and the small amount of fruit
produced per tree leads us to believe that this opinion is not well founded
The growth of a forest and that of an orchard are very different. In
the case of forest growth no crop of any kind is removed, and the foliage
and fruit are returned to the soil and decay on its surface, forming a layer
of vegetable mould rich in plant food 'and humus which is such a valu-
able ingredient of virgin soils. So far as active soil fertility is 'concerned
the growth of a forest must be regarded as a process of soil improvement.

On the other hand, the growth of an orchard is a process of reducing
soil fertility, for crops of fruit are removed and even the fallen leaves do

INDIANA HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 253

not always remain on the ground around the trees. Ripe leaves may pro-
duce some organic matter in the soil, but they contain relatively little fer-
tilizing material; for while the leaves evaporate much plant food, most of
the plant food itself passes to the fruit and new wood before the leaves
ripen.

The growth of an orchard also differs from that of our common fai-m
crops in that the orchard growth is divided into two distinct periods, the
period up to the beginning of fruit bearing and the fruit bearing period.
During the preliminary period we have to provide only for the growth of
the tree, but after the tree comes into bearing we must provide for both
the growth of the tree and production of fruit. While a crop of fruit is
being produced the tree must also store up material in the buds and
young wood for the next year's needs. This requires a constant transfer
of plant food throughout the whole gi-owing season. In order to meet this
requirement the soil must contain available plant food throughout the
season. This means that there must not only be certain chemical elements
present in an available form, but that there must also be water enough
present at all times to permit these elements to pass from the soil to
the trees.

Proper drainage, deep plowing, subsoiling, mulching, and frequent sur-
face cultivation during the summer all aid in storing and retaining the
moisture during the season when it is of the most vital importance that
both fruit branch and bud should be mailing a continuous growth. With-
out a sufficiency of moisture the best fertilization can not produce its
desired effect.

Fruit raising is continuous cropping of one liind and it is well linown
that the continual production of one crop on the same land demands bet-
ter fertilization than is required when a rotation of crops is used. The pi'o-
duction of a rotation of crops in a young orchard is not a rotation so
far as the young trees are concerned, but is too often only a means of re-
moving plant food that is sorely needed by the trees.

The chemical elements that malve up trees and fruit are the same that
enter into other crops, but the relative amounts of these elements are
different. There is a common opinion that the element nitrogen contributes
most to the growth of leaf while potash gives color to the fruit. The safer
basis on which to proceed is to remember that a suitable supply of all
the elements of the plant are necessary for the proper development of tree
and fruit. Certain conditions may indicate a lacli of one or more elements.
A tree with liglit colored foliage may mean a lack of nitrogen or it may
mean a general laclv of plant food. Lack of color in fruit may indicate
a lack of potash or it may mean a lack of general vigor due to general
starvation. The failure of vigorous young trees to produce fruit is often
due to a lack of available phosphoric acid. Late ripening of fruit is often
due to the same cause. In the presence of enough of the other plant
foods, lime tends to promote a stocky growth of the tree and ripening of
the wood.

254 iBOAED OF AGEICULTURE.

Where orchards are set out on land that has been under cultivation
for a considerable time it may happen that the land may have enough
available plant food of all kinds to provide for the growth of the young
trees and the crops that are often planted in the young orchard, but
that shortly after the bearing period begins, vphen there is an enormous
increase in the food requirements of the orchard, one or more elements
may not be present in sufficient quantity. Other elements may be present
in abundance, but the crop is limited by the deficiency of the one that is
most nearlj^ exhausted.

Since the effect of the fertilizer applied to an orchard is expected to
extend over a series of j^ears, slow acting fertilizers may be employed if
desired. A formula that has proven profitable in the East is made by
mixing—

100 pounds ground bone,

100 pounds acid phosphate, and

100 pounds muriate of potash.

Calculated to the percentage basis, this mixture would give-
Nitrogen 1 per cent.

Potash 17 per cent.

Available phosphoric acid 8 per cent.

Insoluble phosphoric acid 5 per cent.

This mixture is recommended for trees in bearing or just ready to
bear. Another formula recommended for use at the time the orchai-d is
set out and when the land is of poor quality is—

Bone 150 pounds

Muriate of potash 100 pounds

Calculated to the percentage basis, this would give-
Nitrogen 1.8 per cent.

Potash 20.0 per cent.

Phosphoric acid 13.0 per cent.

Sulphate of potash may be used in the above mixtures instead of the
muriate if desired.

These mixtures are used at the rate of 400 to 1,500 pounds per acre.
On medium soil 1,000 pounds per acre is a fair application. The best
method of application is to scatter the fertilizer over a considerable area,
about twice the diameter of the tree top, about the tree and then plow
under. Since the roots grow fastest where the food supply is the best,
this method will tend to produce a broad and deep root system, a matter
of much importance, especially in seasons of drought. When it is neces-
sary to apply fertilizers on sod under the trees only the most soluble

INDIANA HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 255

forms of fertilizers should be used. In that case to obtain the immediate

effect of the first formula given we would use-
Nitrate of soda 20 pounds

Acid phosphate 250 pounds

Muriate of potash 100 pounds

The most conspicuous thing about the above formulas is the high
percentage of potash— more than ten times as much as is found in the
average "complete" fertilizer for general farm crops.

A comparison of the plant food removed by fruit and wheat may show
the reason for this.

Twenty crops of wheat, 15 bushels per acre, remove 660 pounds nitro-
gen, 324 pounds potash and 211 pounds phosphoric acid; twenty crops of
apples, 15 bushels per tree, 35 trees per acre, remove 1,337 pounds nitro-
gen, 1,895 pounds potash and 310 pounds phosphoric acid.

The period when the wheat plant uses most of its food is during the
months of May and June, when moisture is usually abundant enough to
permit the wheat plant to utilize all the available plant food in the soil.
In the case of the apple the food is most needed during months when the
moisture is least abundant. Under these conditions the best course is to
provide an abundance, even an excess, of plant food so that during the
time when there is sufiicient moisture the plant may get its food' to the
best advantage. In the case of the first two formulas given there would
be no danger of loss of fertilizer ingredients from leaching and what was
not used one season would be ready for use the next.

It will be noticed that the above formulas contain very little nitro-
gen. ■ There are several good reasons for this. The most important are
the high cost of commercial nitrogen, the danger of loss from leaching,
and the tendency of large quantities of quickly available niti'ogen to pro-
mote too rapid growth of the vegetative parts of the plant.

The best source of nitrogen for orchards is farmyard manure and
clover or other leguminous plants. These furnish nitrogen in a form that
will gradually become available, and that is not liable to severe loss from
leaching. At the same time they* furnish a supply of organic matter to
the soil and this organic matter is of high value in maintaining a good
soil texture and in increasing the water-holding capacity of the land. Care
should be taken not to carry manuring to excess or to continue clovering
too long since we would then be likely to promote the excessive growth
of wood and foliage. I have no doubt that the amount per acre of fertil-
izer recommended above will at first sight appear excessive, especially
in those sections where fertilizer is used only on the wheat crop and
where the expenditure for fertilizer seldom exceeds $1.50 per acre. It
should, however, be kept in mind that one fertilization of an orchard pro-
vides plant food for several years. Moreover, if it is found that the profits
of an orchard are increased by the increase in the use of a fertilizer, then

256 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

the amount used can not be considered excessive until the most profitable
amount has been exceeded.

Good fertilization and good management will do much to secure a crop
from the orchard every year. This means a supply of fruit to sell in off
years when prices are the highest and profits the largest.

The question is sometimes asked whether fertilizers have any influence
on the diseases of plants. While there is no very conclusive evidence on
the direct effect of fertilizers in combating plant diseases there is no
question that a properly nourished plant is in better condition to ward off
the attacks of plant diseases than is a plant that is partially starved.

Formerly it was diflScult to obtain the raw material needed to com-
pound such fertilizers as are mentioned above. Now the State provides
by law for a registration and efficient inspection of all fertilizer materials
used in the State, and under this law all the materials have been regis-
tered and can be purchased in the markets of Indiana. Purchasers should
refuse to receive any fertilizing material unless it bears the tag of the
State Chemist showing the guarantee, for this label fixes the legal guar-
antee of the grade of the goods, and unless it is attached to every package
the person, seller or buyer, in whose possession the goods are is liable to
rather heavy fine. Rational feeding will do as much for plants as for ani-
mals, and a few comparatively inexpensive experiments will convince any
careful farmer that he can convert an unsightly and unprofitable orchard
into the most paying part of his property.

DISCUSSION.

President Hobbs: As we have another subject to come before us this
session, we shall give only a few minutes to the consideration of this
topic, and I trust you will be very brief in your discussion of this subject.

Mr. Rockhill: I would like to inquire if this could not be purchased
in the proper amounts and mixed by the farmers themselves, and thus
save some expense.

Professor Huston: Of course it can be done by the farmers them-
selves. I see no reason why you can not mix, as well as anybody else,
if you take the pains to do so, this material we have been talking about
today. If you buy anything like this from a fertilizer house, they take
what they call "stock stuff" and put so much potash into it. They will
tell you about the marvelous and wonderful means they have of mixing
It, and make you think you can not mix it yourself; that the mixing
could not be done at home, by the way these people talk, when, as a
matter of fact, common stock is made up and in most cases the potash
is added from time to time as the orders come into the house. If you
know what you want and take the pains to buy it from reliable people,

INDIANA HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 25^

there is no reason why you can not do it yourself and save anywhere
from two to eight dollars a ton in the operation.

Mr. Rockhill: I liave been trying to use fertilizers on different crops,
and haven't succeeded in getting any benefit from any I have used
until this year. I had an experience of sowing fifteen acres of clover
in corn stubbles. I used on five acres a mixture, a fertilizer, of five per
cent. I went yesterday, after this hot, dry weather, to look over the
field. On the next five acres I put nothing; on the third five acres 1 hauled
manure, ten loads to the acre. Yesterday I found that the clover where
I used the fertilizer has a fine stand, there is a vigorous growth of young
clover; where I did not put anything on, the clover is practically l)urned
out; where I put the ten loads of manure. I find the clover is not (luilc
as good as where I used the fertilizer. About two per cent, is the highest
you can buy in this market, of fertilizer. I wanted to use this fertilizer
and I could not get it hei'e, so I went to St. Joe for some. It did not
have the State Chemist's tag on it. so. I suppose. I violated the law.

Mr. H. E. Haines: What kind of a fertilizer will barnyard manure,
fresh made from stock, and unbleached ashes make?

Professor Huston: You would be short the phosphate. Your trees
would be more liable than others to be attacked with fiingous diseases.
With that mixture I would add some acid phosphate. The mixture you
speak of has potash and nitrogen enough, but not enough phosphate.

Mr. Grossman: What time would you apply this to a three-year-old
orchard?

Professor Huston: Whenever it is convenient to plow the land-
whenever it is convenient to plow it under. It then fixes it in the soil
and it stays there and the tree gets it.

Mr. Grossman: Is it important to plow it iinder?

Professor Huston: It is. If you do not, you go to feeding the grass
and weeds, and it will also tend to bring the roots too near the top of the
ground, aiid it is desirable to get it imder as deeply as you can. If you
don't want to do that, you ought to subsitute bone meal, acid phosphate
or material that will be more soluble. The bone meal can be sowed on
top of the ground, and if you decide not to plow the ground it w5"uld l)e
the best thing to do. because it will go down in the ground despite itself.

Mr. Grossman: Is it difficult to gpt pure potash from the importers?
Can the buyer get it directly from the importers?

Professor Huston: The only people you can get it of are dealers.
The importers can not sell it to you.

17— Agriculture.

258 iBOAED OF AGKICULTURE.

Member: There are importers in New York— importers of potash.

Professor Huston: But they sell it to the mixers, and thej^ in turn
sell it to us.

Member: One has a right to buy from importers in New York, and
use it, hasn't he?

Professor Huston: No, you have not; not if the prosecuting attorney
of the county catches you at it, or with it.

Member: Isn't it possible to buy material in carload lots, of guaran-
teed analysis?

Professor Huston: Yes; but it must be the State's analysis, not the
manufacturer's analysis. The manufacturer's analysis may vary from
the State's analysis two hundi-ed per cent, of the total value of the goods.
If the State says it is guaranteed to be one per cent., it has got to be
one per cent.; if the State says it is three per cent., it has got to be
three per cent. If the guaranty reads from one to three per cent., which
is the manufacturer's form of guaranty, it means it is only one per cent.
The State says it must be made definite, and the drug must be what the
guaranty says it is. When you get it with the Government's guaranty
on, you know what you are getting.

Member: I would like to ask Professor Huston a question. I have
three hundred bushels of ashes. My orchard has been sowed to oats. I
want to know if it is safe or wise for me to apply the ashes now, or
if it would be better to wait until spring, before I apply it to the orchard?

Professor Huston: What kind of ground have you?

Member: Gravel and loam.

Professor Huston: I think I would put the ashes on in the fall, to
get the best results, if your orchard does not bear very well; when you
have the effect of the ashes, if you will apply the soluble phosphate later,
you will get the effect of that.

President Hobbs: This is a very interesting subject, but we must
pass to the next for want of time to discuss it further. The next topic
is a very interesting one, to be treated bj^ a gentleman very capable of
presenting it to us— the Hon. Charles W. Garfield, of Grand Rapids, Mich-
igan. His subject is, "Forestry— Its Relation to Fruit Growing." I have
the pleasui'e of introducing to you Hon. Charles W. Garfield.

Mr. Garfield spoke as follows:

When I came over here today from Vicksburg, I sat behind a couple
of ladies, and the window was up. It was rather warm in the car, and the

iNblAiSTA HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 259

cinders came in in immense quantities, and most of them landed in my
lap, and my ears and eyes and all around, and after a time a gust of wind
came and took some of the cinders in the lady's face. She immediately
shut the window. I said, "Thank you," and she was mad. (Laughter.)
It illustrates that sometimes you can not assume to discuss a question
with people that they ought to have discussed, that they are unwilling
you should discuss. That has been oftentimes the case with the forestry
question.

Some years ago, when I was engaged in making programs for farmers'
institutes, I placed on one program a topic entitled "Mules." The man
who was chosen for the topic seemed to think it was put on the program
simply to sandwich in something to give a little life to the program, and
he treated it jocularly, and made those who listened to him laugh. You
know you might make a lot of fun of mules, if you wished to, for the pur-
pose of entertaining people; but I had something else in view besides
to sandwich in a jocular address. I had a man follow him, in a discussion,
who knew something about mules, and who gave some sharp, keen advice
in connection with the raising of mules. The object was, that while the
audience, as a whole, thought Garfield was a queer fellow to put "Mules"
on the program, that even though one man failed on good ground, some-
body would learn something. The other day I met a man on the street,
and he said, "Garfield, do you remember the mule discussion we had about
twelve years ago, in Michigan?" I said, "Yes." He said, "That was the
making of me. I immediately went north and began raising mules, and it
has been a most profitable business; I have been raising mules ever since
then, and I shall continue to raise mules, and that discussion was the
cause of it."

So, in discussing the forestry question, people generally don't think
it is an important question; that it has been put on the program to fill in,
perhaps to entertain for awhile; that it has just been sandwiched in, sim-
ply because people have not felt the necessity of discussing along the for-
estry line. After all, I usually keep availing myself of every opportunity
I can to say a word along forestry lines. I began it fifteen years ago,
and as long as there is moisture enough in my mouth to allow me, I shall
continue talking, because I believe that it is today one of the most im-
portant problems that confronts the agriculturist of the Middle West. Peo-
ple do not take to a new thing until in some way they are pinched to it,
and we are now getting to where we feel the pinch in connection with the
loss of our forests.

I did not want to take too much of your time in one discussion, so I
sat down to a stenographer and dictated what I have to say, that I might
tell you more in fewer words, and that I might not omit some things which
I would desire to say, and I will take just seventeen minutes' time to read
this paper, and the rest of the time will be given to the discussion, which
I consider the most important part of the topic. I believe we get more

260 BOARD OF AGEICULTUBE.

from the discussion than anything else, and I hope that when I am through
reading, many of you will take part in the discussion, and that we may
make it as profitable as possible in the time given us for the discussion.

[Mr. Garfield was too busy to furnish a copy of his paper, and this
is an abstract taken from a newspaper.]

There is much more in the subject than might at first be thought,
for the forest and orchard to an extent seem incompatible. He gave this
instance in illustration of his argument: "Two or three years ago I vis-
ited the magnificent fruit farm of Roland Morrill, at Benton Harbor, and
I found he had saved several acres of timber right in the midst of his
peach orchards, and I asked him how he could afford to do this on land
that was so especially adapted to the growth of the peach, and he replied
that he could not afford to do otherwise; that as this growth added to the
value of all the rest of the land for peach growing he could not afford to
destroy it, and he deplored the fact that people generally were cutting
all of their timber and thus rendering the general conditions less suitable
to the growth of the peach."

He said that "another incidental value that is not often spoken of is
that which comes from the growth of nut-bearing trees. Few people are
willing to admit the great income that can be produced from ground de-
voted to the gi'owth of nuts that are adapted to our climate and condition.
In the growing of this commercial commodity one is carrying out the
spirit of restoration of timber areas, and at the same time getting inci-
dental value that is not in the least imaginary, but as certain as any other
crop we produce."

DISCUSSION.

President Hobbs: We are very glad, indeed, to see this hearty ap-
proval of this paper just read by Mr. Garfield. It indicates that there
is a growing sentiment along the lines just laid down by Mr. Garfield.
I consider this a very interesting and a very profitable paper, and hope
that you will spend a few moments in discussing it.

Mr. McMillan: I would like to ask Mr. Garfield what was his object
in planting a gi-ove of mulberries; did he plant it for the birds in the
first place, or for what?

Mr. Garfield: I did not know enough then to plant them for the birds*
I was not far-sighted enough. I planted them because about ten years
ago the Kansas argicultural papers talked so much about the Russian
mulberry as an important tree. You see some fellow had Russian mul-
berries to sell and he was using the papers to sell them; he was using
that as an advertisement, and that is why I put them out.

INDIANA HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 261

Mr. Rockhill: Our draining the marshes does not affect our timber,
or do you claim it is destroying the timber?

Mr. Garfield: I don't know positively. Of course, draining the coun-
try into the rivers and getting the water out of it in that way possibly
does not leave enough water back in some places. You know in horti-
culture about ninety-nine per cent, of our products are water, so it is a
pretty important thing to hold it as long as we can and get it into the
fruit; so that anything that gets the water quickly away from it is hurtful
to fruit growing.

Mr. Frame: I would like to ask this question: It is not so much in
producing rainfall as that it affords so much greater evaporation. Evap-
oration upon the open fields is forty-four per cent., while evaporation
from forests is twelve. And Avith the timber cut out the water evaporates
so quickly, and then in addition to that, if the water is all drained off
and run into the rivers, that is where the great detriment is done.

Mr. Graham: One man on tlie fioor today told us to drain our land
for trees, and the other told us to leave the water in the soil to get it
into fruit. What kind of a conclusion are we to form from that?

Professor Huston: I guess that is all right. The fact is, it is not
so mueh upon the amount of water as the distribution of the water you
want. If you were to adopt the suggestion I threw out and irrigate,
you would simply pile up some water already fallen and put it on the
land again. I think there is no question about the fact that it is desirable
to have satisfactory drainage, because everyone who knows anything
about raising plants of any sort knows they will not grow very well with
the roots in the water. We must get the general water level low enough
so that there is satisfactory drainage of the soil where the trees are to
grow, and then irrigate, if necessary. If we had thirty-three inches of
rainfall in this country, and it was evenly distributed throughout the
year, we would not have to irrigate any. The gi-eat trouble is that we
have it for five or six or eight or nine weeks and then we don't have any
more at all, and that was the time I was talking about— when we have so
much rain. I don't think what has been said has been inconsistent with
getting stagnant water out of the ground.

Mr. Witmer: I wish to ask Mr. Garfield whether, from experience,
it is better to set a grove of miscellaneous trees than to have the trees
of one kind?

Mr. Garfield: I can simply relate ray own experience. I planted this
grove ten years ago, and I didn't know very much about forestry matters
at that time — practically nothing except what I had read. A man reads
a good deal sometimes, and thinks he knows a lot, and then finds that

202 BOAED OF AGRICULTUKE.

he is very much mistaken. I got a lot of young trees, and I had just
got the land ready and was going to plant them when I had to leave
home, and I had to leave the whole thing to my. man; so I said t6 him,
"You plant this kind here in this block, and that in -that block, and another
in that block." I had mulberry, box elder, white ash, catalpas, beeches,
black ash, white maple, Norway maple, basswood and birches. The result
was this: I lost all of my beeches. I didn't know the beech ought to be
covered up I ought to have observed that beeches always grow best
where shaded, or where it is dark. So the little block I had planted in
beeches originally hasn't any beeches on it. I afterward, when the
beeches failed, took that block and planted on it some of most everything
I had. That acre today is the most satisfactory one I have. If I were
going to plant again I would give some thought to the method with regard
to what trees need protection, and mix the varieties.

Mr. Witmer: That is something like a case we have in our own county,
where a man had forty acres or more planted in a grove of walnut trees.
The trees were doing nicely until two years ago, one hard sviuter; in
places in that gi'Ove they lost all their walnut trees. Up to this time they
had kept that orchard in a good state of cultivation and the trees were
growing rapidly. I believe it would have been better had they set out
a variety of trees, and then had the walnut died they would yet have
some other trees— trees that could resist the cold much better than the
walnut. Not having done that, there are empty spaces which very much
mar the appearance of the orchard.

Mr. McMillan: There is one thing I desire to mention, that has been
worrying me for a good many years, and that is the way our tiuiber has
been used up in lumber, destroyed and wasted, and the way it is at present
being cut and sawed up. Forty or fifty years ago we had a good many
mills down in our section, cutting nothing but poplar and black walnut;
after they got that cut, the mills disappeared, and we thought the timber
would be left. In a few years they came back and cut the white oak,
and that is now all gone. Now we have, I think, four mills cutting up
everything in the shape of poles or anything else three inches and over,
it doesn't make much difference what kind of timber it is. In view of
this, we will soon have all of our timber utterly destroyed. I hope Mr.
Garfield will consult some of these farmers right here who are cutting
their timber; I suspect some of them are cutting and hauling to the mills
right now, getting what little money they can for it. I hope he will hit
them and hit them hard, if he has not already done so.

Member: Timber growing depends largely upon the kind of soil upon
which the timber is planted. I have had some experience in regard to
the growth of timber, and certain kinds of timber will do well, where
certain other kinds will not. For instance, the walnut, poplar, sugar and

INDIANA IIOETICULTURAL SOCIETY. 263

basswood grow largely on some kinds of soil. Would it not be well, when
we are going to plant trees, to learn first the kind of trees that will grow
in the soil which we have in which to plant them?

Mr. Garfield: Unquestionably so.

Thereupon the Society adjourned until 7:30 p. m.

EVENING SESSION".

Thursday, August 22, 7:30 P. M.

President Ho1)bs: The first topic is "Relations of Forestry to the
Industries," by Prof. W. H. Freeman, Secretary of the State Forestry
Commission. Mr. Freeman will now speak.

Professor Freeman: Mr. Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen— If there
is anything I like it is to see people comfortable. It is very warm to-
night, and if it is more comfortable for you to remove your coats, do so.
I assure you that is the way I have spent the greater part of my life, with
my coat oft. If there is anything I am proud of, it is the fact that I have
always been a farmer, and am yet. If I could say anything to the young
people and to the fathers and mothers that are present here this evening,
I would say this, that the best experience that a young man can have
is going out and getting a real first-class farm experience.

Before beginning with the paper which I have prepared, I wish to
make a few preliminary remarks. In assuming the duties of Secretary
of the State Board of Forestry, I feel that I have assumed an educa-
tional responsibility which is equal to any other educational possibility
that the State could well give to any one man. The subject of forestry
in Indiana is an educationat one, and I shall try to present it in that
way. That I might say in the shortest amount of time the few remarks
I have to make tonight, I have written it out and will read it to you.
While the many statements' in this paper may seem to be dry and unin-
teresting to you, let me say to follow them closely and carefully, because
in these figures I shall attempt to give you the relation of forestry to
the industries.

264 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

THE RELATION OP FORESTRY TO THE INDUSTRIES.

BY PROP. W. H. FREEMAN, INDIANAPOLIS.

The common view and estimate of forestry is not the best one. It is
considered by many as a fad and an origination of office to satisfy the
longing of some aspirant who is a fanatic on trees. Such is not the case.
Forestry is a matter of the very deepest vital importance. The lacli of
rigid legal enactments and their prompt enforcemeat has caused a loss
in an absolutely needless manner of some of the natural resources of the
State which have been the means of the best prosperous conditions in the
institutions of every kind.

I need take but a fact to illustrate the above statement. Ten years
ago, when natural gas was found to be abundant in regions of Indiana
now known as the '"Gas Belt," I dare say not a person gave any thought
to the necessity of conserving that great blessing. As a citizen of that
community, I know of the thousands of flambeaux that lighted every door
and barnyard, pigstye and roadway till travel was as convenient by night
time as by day. I do not need to enumerate the manner in which
natural gas was consumed just because it could be, without regard to
any loss in the future. Because natiu'al gas was abundant and the most
convenient fuel as well as the best, Indiana now is a gi-eat manufacturing
State through which it is greater in its every other kinds of industry.
The natural gas has done a great work, but you know the gas conditions
now and the strenuous legal efforts to conserve the fragment, and the
still greater skirmishing efforts to get fuel into these districts to retain
the manufacturing concerns in their present localities.

This presentation of the gas question has no connection with the topic
of forestry and industries, except the excellent example it affords of the
neglect and wanton waste of the natural resources and the results which
follow. It is the most fitting illustration that you and I have seen from
the beginning to its almost completeness. The timber problem is one of
vast greater significance to industrial welfare. Timber has been and will
continue to be one of the most used materials of general use. Wood
possesses properties which can not be substituted, and its perpetuity is
an absolute necessity.

To state briefly the meaning and purposes of forestry will make clearer
the relation it bears to the industries. Forestry does not mean the hoard-
ing and prevention of the use of timber, as many with whom I have
talked seem to think, but it means the right conservative use and propa-
gation of timber. The duties of the department as set forth in the law are
to collect, digest and classify information respecting forests and timber-

INDIANA HOETICULTUEAL SOCIETY. 265

lands and to give information and direction for forest and timber culti-
vation, to establish State forest reserves and to be a bureau of information
on timber and timber conditions of the State to associations and meetings
of lumbermen, timber dealers, woodvi^orliers, farmers and engineers of
maintenance of way of railroads. These duties connect it directly with the
industrial institutions. The purposes of the department of forestry and the
plans of action as they are directed for attempted execution by the board
may be stated in the following sentences:

1. To act as a bureau in the best sense for information on timber
and timber conditions, forest and timberland promotion and cultivation
for Indiana.

2. To incite the fostering and pei-petuation of the present timber areas
in the State by inducing a better saving use of the forest product and the
continuation of timber tracts in forest as against clearing them off and
putting them into agriculture when a forest crop has been harvested.

3. To stimulate the planting of the different forms of waste lands to
timber of the most valuable liinds suited to their soil and moisture con-
ditions.

4. To stimulate the planting, cultivation, and retention of good agri-
cultural lands in the best merchantable species of trees to the extent of a
reasonable ratio between the agricultural and timber areas, as shown to be
for the best good of the general welfare.

5. To encourage shelter and ornamental tree planting around prem-
ises, orchards, along the highways and on public grounds.

6. To establish State forest reserves where intelligent forestry may be
executed and the results given out for the benelit of the people of Indiana.

These plans rightly carried out will be of much importance to industrial
Indiana in agriculture, manufactvu-e, building, construction, labor and
trade. The agricultural interests are being affected by the great defor-
estation that is now under such strong headway. I do not want to be un-
derstood as claiming that all the agricultural disasters are due to the lack
of forests, but I do want to be understood as saying that the large
clearing away of the forests is responsible for some of it.

I am satisfied that our changed climate is largely due to the denuda-
tion of forests. The almost certain drouth of summer and the spasmodic
extremes of freezing in winter, the more destructive winds and hail storms
are all results influenced by the absence of a proper forest area. You as
farmers know the results of the drouth, freezing and storms to your
pasture, fruit growing and grain crops, and their hinging relations to stock
raising.

The argument is that forests are sources of moisture to the atmos-
phere, conserA^ators of the rainfall against rapid evaporation and a means
of storage for fallen moisture by reason of the forest litter and roots to
direct it into the earth and hold it.

266 BOARD OF AGEtCULTUKE.

Every law of climatic equilibrium is made contingent on right affor-
estation. I do not care to enumerate them hei'e, because I feel you know
them and can make the applications. But I wish the following statements
to be considered in the relation of forests to agi-iculture:

1. Evaporation in open fields is 44 per cent., as against 12 per cent, in
forests.

2. Water falling on open fields soon flows over the surface to streams
and does not remain to do much good to the soil.

3. The rainfall in forests is directed into the soil and retained by
means of the roots, litter and humus to be given off gradually to the atmos-
phere, streams, springs and soil.

4. About 75 per cent, of the annual precipitation is due to transpira-
tion and evaporation from forests.

5. The temperature of forests is much more even and moderate than
that of open regions.

6. The spasmodic disturbances of climate are most frequent and de-
structive in disafforested regions.

7. That year by year sees more and more the drying up of the streams.
There is no industry so dependent on right climatic, soil and moisture

arrangement as general agriculture. Fruit growing is most disastrously
affected hy the drouth and freezes. Orchards need protection from the
freezes, extreme evaporation and storms by the planting of good shelter
groves. The removal of forests from near fruit orchards has given sway
to the insects and worms on both trees and fruit in the absence of birds
to devour these pests.

The relations of forestry and agriculture are very vital in farm utility
of fences, fuel, building and protection of premises. The subject of fences
is one that is now perplexing farmers, and farm philosophers and econo-
mists are devoting much time in experimenting for a good solution of the
problem. Iron and cement posts are expensive and unsatisfactory. Cedar
posts are good but expensive. Systematic fencing is rapidly forcing farm-
ers to a large expense, and consuming the income of the farm. What is to
be done? To my mind the solution is easy, first-class and inexpensive.

Every farmer should grow his own fencing material, especially posts.
There is not a farmer but that can spare a small patch of ground and cul-
tivate it in either the hardy catalpa, black locust, Kentucky coffee-tree,
Osage orange or Russian mulberry, or all of them. Or if he has a woods
lot he can grow them in it along with the timber. These species are the
most lasting timbers in contact with the soil and the quickest growers.
Posts and ties can be gi-own from them in from eight to fifteen years in
quantities of from two thousand to five thousand per acre. You can see
the value of It. There are instances in the State where farmers saw this
twelve or fifteen years ago and are now fencing their farms from home
grown posts. I know of one party who has fenced a one hundred and
sixty acre farm from an acre of waste land planted in black locust, and
has an abundance of posts yet on hand.

INDIAI**^ HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 267

The matter of fuel material is not of such vital concern so long as the
coal regions seem to be so vast and productive, together with the cheap-
ness of it. But if farmers desire to produce their fuel they can do so in
a short time and with profit. A number of trees which grow very thriftily
are adapted to every soil in Indiana. Protection groves may be made to
serve as sources of fuel and posts combined.

The growing of timber for construction and building purposes is a
much more serious thing. Trees to become large enough for lumber for
such uses must have a long time in which to grow. But poplar, ash, wal-
nut, elm, lin, and all the oaks except the white oak are good rapid growers
and under cultivation will reach good mature sizes in from twenty to thirty
years. Instances of trees from eighteen to twenty-four inches in diameter
and sixty to eighty feet in height are known to have grown in the above
period of time. White pine is a most excellent tree to plant for these
purposes. The white oak, while slow, is yet better than credited, and for
its high value in construction and manufacture is a good paying tree to
grow. The same with hickory.

The next most important industry in relation to forestry is manufac-
ture. This is more distant in relation to agriculture, but in its remote
relations to general trade, labor and timber demand makes, it the most
vital institution to be considered, and in it is to be found the greatest ne-
cessity for a vigorous forestry movement.

In the State are to be found near five hundred exclusive wood con-
suming manufactories. These consume daily many thousand cubic feet
of wood from the large tree to the small undergrowth. These wood insti-
tutions employ about fifteen thousand seven hundred persons daily, and
pay in aggregate wages near four million seven hundred thousand dollars
annually. The capital invested in these factories is near twenty-five
million dollars, and they are paying for the raw timber product of manu-
facture about twelve million five hundred thousand dollars annually.
The aggregate finished product in value reaches about twenty-two million
dollars annually. A safe and entirely reasonable estimate will allow the
assertion that the industries using wood as the principal raw product of
manufacture gives the State an annual money circulation of about forty-
five million dollars.

These figures give an idea of the magnitude of timber tb the industries
in the State. The continual destruction of forests with no decided attempt
at reforestation will soon find us without timber. Calculations carefully
made by the United States Bureau show that at the present rate of timber
consumption the timber in the United States can not last more than sixty
years if no attempt is made to conserve and afforest. The annual con-
sumption of wood is three hundred and fifty cubic feet per capita.

Eighty years has witnessed the removal of eighteen million one hun-
dred thousand acres of the timber from the surface of Indiana. Most of
it had to be removed for agriculture and at a time when there was no

268 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

demand for it, but a vast quantity was wantonly destroyed and is being
needlessly wasted now. The actual amount of timber area in Indiana
today can not be estimated at more than one and a half million acres to
supply the demand of timber to a greatly augmented manufacturing in-
dustry. It is a plain, open question. Can we have the industries without
the material to supply them? The problem may not concern us in our
time, but is the world going to cease when we leave it? We owe to future
generations a duty for having lived before them.

Every law of labor and trade is of the deepest concern in considering
this proposition of forestry. A scarcity of timber means higher prices for
raw material. This means higher prices for the finished product or labor
must be reduced. Either will be to the detriment of the farmer. When
things so arrange themselves that the industry can not be sustained, the
industry must cease and will cease. Any state or condition of things that
will disturb the present prosperous triple relation of agriculture, manu-
facture and commerce should not be allowed encroachment.

I do not care to prolong the argument. It seems clear to me that
forestry is a more serious question than is generally given credence. I
appeal to you as citizens to co-operate with the members and board of
forestry in matters of timber promotion.

There are many ways in which this may be done, but I call attention
to the three following plans as most beneficial and necessary:

1. Insist on the sensible systematic harvesting of the forest crop so as
to secure the young timber and the retention of the tract in forest for
successive harvests. I am satisfied forest areas systematically harvested
and continued will pay better year for year at less labor than if put into
agriculture. It will operate as a savings bank.

2. Plant the waste tracts of land in trees of the best economic and
commercial values. Waste lands planted in railroad tie and post trees
will be found to be a paying industry. The growing of aspens and cotton-
woods for paper pulp manufacture, which is now one of the coming large
industries in the State and which is paying good sums per cubic cord for
such material in bolt form delivered at their mills.

3. Discourage all tendencies which have in them elements of extrava-
gance, waste and destruction of timber. Encourage intelligent legislation
to induce tendencies of forest planting and conservation.

President Hobbs: I am very glad, indeed, to have this excellent paper
by Professor Freeman. We promised Mr. Garfield an opportunity to dis-
cuss a subject presented by Professor Latta.

Professor Latta: "What Nature Herself Will Do Toward Restoring
Forests if She Has a Chance."

Mr. Garfield: I don't want to intrude a moment on the time Mrs.
Meredith should be given, so I will take two or three minutes only. I

INDIANA HOETICULTURAL SOCIETY. 269

believe if nature is given an opportunity she will clothe the earth with
forests; she will do wonders if only half an opportunity is given. The
reason I believe this is, because in the State of Michigan we have im-
mense areas of cut-over lands that are worthless. They are not worth
anything as an investment, now. If you inventory them at one cent an
acre, you overdo it; but thej- will grow timber if given a chance. If the
State of Michigan will simply prevent tires and will keep out the thieves,
God will cover that country with a beautiful growth of timber in time.
Poor lands take longer; good lands give quicker returns: but I believe
that those poor jack pine plains that are today an abomination of deso-
lation, because the fires have swept over them time and again, can be
made, in fifty years, to have a real value to the State, and the State need
do nothing except to keep the fires out, and when the trees get big enough
to be stolen, to keep the thieves out. That is what we are agitating in
the State of Michigan.

In traversing that country, that poor counti-y. where the fires have
been kept out and there is an occasional tree that has been left, we find
not poor jack pine simply, but we find white pine, Norway pine, oak, and
other valuable timbers coming up on those poor barrens; and this relates
to that poor, worthless land of the State of Michigan. I am satisfied,
I feel safe in saying, that the next crop, on all that cut-over land, will
bring to the State of Michigan in fifty years more than the crop that
was first taken off, if it is perfectly safe in its protection, the increased
value of timber being taken into consideration.

There are some very strange circumstances in connection with the
fact that this new crop of timber comes up where the old had been cut
off, up in the northern country; for instance, just as likely as not it will
grow up thickly with oaks, where pines were before gi'owing. How can
that be explained? Is it that the crows have picked these acorns and
transported them to those parts? Hardly. You can get a crow to take
one once in a while a mile, but they don't come down here and pick and
carry away enough to seed the hundreds and thousands of acres that
are coming up with little oak trees, with no seed growing in the vicinity.
That seems to me like a miracle; nevertheless it is true. I have this way
of explaining the matter. Those oaks are there. They came up together,
but the pines got the start and the oaks got left; but they remained there,
and just as soon as the pines were taken away, were cut off, they simply
came to the front. We know of little oaks in pine woods, we could ac-
tually count with the microscope hundreds of them that have just stayed
there. The government don't know that they are there. Only competency
will find them. I have on my farm a little forest of six acres. I planted
one single row of black ash seedlings right next to a row of Austrian pines.
They are now about fifteen inches tall. The ash are about twelve inches.
The ash will soon be crowded out; the pine will continue to grow. I could
not understand the oak business until I had actually seen the black ash

270 BOARD OF AGKICTJLTURE.

experiment. These little trees are there, and they are living, and I pre-
sume they will continue to live one hundred years, probably; and if my
children's children's children should cut off those Austraiu pines and give
the blacli ash a fair show, they might have blacli ash there as the suc-
cessor to the Austrain pines. Nature is a wonderful recuperator on the
earth's surface; the trouble is, man fights against her so strongly that
she does not have a fair chance. They have some fine fruit, or would have
it, but they will kill the birds that kill the bugs that eat it up. Nature is
all right; man is at fault. Man fights nature, that is where the trouble
lies; and it is man, after all, that has to come around on God's side, and
that is what we are after.

President Hobbs: If there is nothing further, we will take up the
next subject, "Education for the Home Maker," by Mrs. Virginia C.
Meredith, professor of home economics at the University of Minnesota.
Mrs. Meredith needs no introduction to an Indiana audience further
than this.

Mrs. Meredith: I am very much inclined to go on with Mr. Freeman's
speech. There is quite a good deal more that might be said on that
subject. There is a saying that where the trees go, men decay. And
I believe if we were asked of all the nations— we will just say Europe—
which nation is going backward, where man is least progressive, we would
probably say on the plains of Italy where the forests have been cut away.

I just want to say that I know a man, a member of a firm engaged
in supplying railroad ties. He said to me less than a month ago, "Our
business is growing; we cut over one hundred thousand acres every year
for our railroad tie business." Think of that! Isn't it dreadful? Isn't
it awful? One hundred thousand acres, and just one firm! Of course,
we have to have railroad ties. But that is not the subject assigned to
me. I am going to talk to you this evening about the "Education of the
Home Maker."

What is the home, and why should tbe ones who organize the home be
educated? Is there such a thing as a special education for the one who
makes the home? What is a home? It is one of the most expensive in-
stitutions that we have anywhere. We have been hearing figures about
all sorts of institutions and people complaining of taxes paid for the sup-
port of the government, local, mimicipal, and State, and all that sort of
thing; but there is nothing, no institution so expensive as the home. Of
all the dollars earne